Hbase(六) hbase Java API
一、
几个主要 Hbase API 类和数据模型之间的对应关系:
1、 HBaseAdmin
关系: org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HBaseAdmin
作用:提供了一个接口来管理 HBase 数据库的表信息。它提供的方法包括:创建表,删 除表,列出表项,使表有效或无效,以及添加或删除表列族成员等。
2、 HBaseConfiguration
关系: org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration
作用:对 HBase 进行配置
3、 HTableDescriptor
关系: org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor
作用:包含了表的名字极其对应表的列族
4、 HColumnDescriptor
关系: org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor
作用:维护着关于列族的信息,例如版本号,压缩设置等。它通常在创建表或者为表添 加列族的时候使用。列族被创建后不能直接修改,只能通过删除然后重新创建的方式。
列族被删除的时候,列族里面的数据也会同时被删除。
5、 HTable
关系: org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable
作用:可以用来和 HBase 表直接通信。此方法对于更新操作来说是非线程安全的。
6、 Put
关系: org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put
作用:用来对单个行执行添加操作
7、 Get
关系: org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Get
作用:用来获取单个行的相关信息
8、 Result
关系: org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result
作用:存储 Get 或者 Scan 操作后获取表的单行值。使用此类提供的方法可以直接获取值 或者各种 Map 结构( key-value 对)
二、具体增删改查 代码具体实现:
package HbaseDome; import java.util.List; import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.KeyValue;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Delete;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Get;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HBaseAdmin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.protobuf.generated.ZooKeeperProtos.Table;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes; public class Hbasedome implements HBaseDemoInterface{ static Configuration conf =null;
private static final String ZKconnect="192.168.123.212:2181,192.168.123.213:2181,192.168.123.214:2181";
static{
conf=HBaseConfiguration.create();
conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", ZKconnect);
}
// static String tableName="student";
// static String[] family={"lie01","lie02"}; public static void main(String[] args) {
Hbasedome a =new Hbasedome();
String tableName="student11";
String[] family={"lie01","lie02"};
try {
HTableDescriptor htds =new HTableDescriptor(tableName);
for(int z=0;z<family.length;z++){
HColumnDescriptor h=new HColumnDescriptor(family[z]);
htds.addFamily(h);
}
// a.descTable("table03");
// a.createTable(tableName, htds);
// a.descTable("table03");
// a.getAllTables();
// a.createTable(tableName,family);
// a.getResult("table03", "usr001");
// a.dropTable("user1");
// a.getAllTables();
// a.putData("table03", "usr005", "liezu01", "name", "liu");
// a.getResult("table03", "usr001");
// a.getResultScann("table03");
// a.getResultScann("table03",""); Result result = a.getResult("table03", "usr001");
System.out.println(result.toString());
List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
for (int i = 0; i < cells.size(); i++) {
Cell cell = cells.get(i);
System.out.println(cell.toString());
// printCell(cell);
} // List<KeyValue> list = result.list();
// for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
// KeyValue kv = list.get(i);
// printKeyValye(kv);
// }
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} }
public static void printKeyValye(KeyValue kv) {
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(kv.getRow()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(kv.getFamily()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(kv.getQualifier()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(kv.getValue()) + "\t" + kv.getTimestamp());
}
public static void printCell(Cell cell) {
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(cell.getRow()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getFamily()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getQualifier()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getValue()) + "\t" + cell.getTimestamp());
}
//创建表
@Override
public void createTable(String tableName, String[] family) throws Exception {
HBaseAdmin admin=new HBaseAdmin(conf);
HTableDescriptor desc =new HTableDescriptor(tableName); for(int i=0;i<family.length;i++){
desc.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(family[i]));
System.out.println("11111111111"+family[i]);
}
if(admin.tableExists(tableName)){
System.out.println("表已经存在,别瞎输行吗");
// System.exit(0);
}else{
admin.createTable(desc);
System.out.println("表创建成功");
}
} //创建表
@Override
public void createTable(String tableName, HTableDescriptor htds) throws Exception {
HBaseAdmin admin=new HBaseAdmin(conf);
boolean tableExists1 = admin.tableExists(Bytes.toBytes(tableName));
System.out.println(tableExists1 ? "表已存在" : "表不存在");
admin.createTable(htds);
boolean tableExists = admin.tableExists(Bytes.toBytes(tableName));
System.out.println(tableExists ? "创建表成功" : "创建失败");
} @Override
public void descTable(String tableName) throws Exception {
HBaseAdmin admin=new HBaseAdmin(conf);
HTable table=new HTable(conf, tableName);
HTableDescriptor desc =table.getTableDescriptor();
HColumnDescriptor[] columnFamilies = desc.getColumnFamilies(); for(HColumnDescriptor t:columnFamilies){
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(t.getName()));
} } //// 这种方式是替换该表tableName的所有列簇
@Override
public void modifyTable(String tableName) throws Exception {
HBaseAdmin admin=new HBaseAdmin(conf);
HTableDescriptor htd = new HTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
htd.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(Bytes.toBytes("cf3")));
htd.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(Bytes.toBytes("cf2")));
admin.modifyTable(tableName, htd); // 删除该表tableName当中的特定的列簇
// admin.deleteColumn(tableName, "cf3"); System.out.println("修改成功"); } @Override
public void getAllTables() throws Exception {
HBaseAdmin admin =new HBaseAdmin(conf); String[] tableNames = admin.getTableNames();
for(int i=0;i<tableNames.length;i++){
System.out.println(tableNames[i]);
}
} //更新数据 插入数据
@Override
public void putData(String tableName, String rowKey, String familyName, String columnName, String value)
throws Exception {
HTable htable=new HTable(conf, Bytes.toBytes(tableName));
Put put=new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
put.add(Bytes.toBytes(familyName), Bytes.toBytes(columnName), Bytes.toBytes(value));
htable.put(put); } //为表添加数据
@Override
public void addData(String tableName, String rowKey, String[] column1, String[] value1, String[] column2,
String[] value2) throws Exception { Put put=new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
HTable htable=new HTable(conf, Bytes.toBytes(tableName));
HColumnDescriptor[] columnFamilies = htable.getTableDescriptor().getColumnFamilies();
for(int i=0;i<=columnFamilies.length;i++){
String nameAsString = columnFamilies[i].getNameAsString();
if(nameAsString.equals("lie01")){
for(int j=0;j<column1.length;j++){
put.add(Bytes.toBytes(nameAsString), Bytes.toBytes(column1[j]),Bytes.toBytes(value1[j]));
}
}
if(nameAsString.equals("lie02")){
for(int j=0;j<column2.length;j++){
put.add(Bytes.toBytes(nameAsString), Bytes.toBytes(column2[j]),Bytes.toBytes(value2[j]));
}
} }
htable.put(put);
System.out.println("addData ok!");
} //根据rowkey 查询
@Override
public Result getResult(String tableName, String rowKey) throws Exception {
Get get=new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
HTable htable=new HTable(conf, Bytes.toBytes(tableName));
Result result=htable.get(get);
// for(KeyValue k:result.list()){
// System.out.println(Bytes.toString(k.getFamily()));
// System.out.println(Bytes.toString(k.getQualifier()));
// System.out.println(Bytes.toString(k.getValue()));
// System.out.println(k.getTimestamp());
// }
return result;
} //查询指定的某列
@Override
public Result getResult(String tableName, String rowKey, String familyName, String columnName) throws Exception {
Get get=new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
HTable htable=new HTable(conf, Bytes.toBytes(tableName));
get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(familyName),Bytes.toBytes(columnName));
Result result=htable.get(get);
for(KeyValue k:result.list()){
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(k.getFamily()));
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(k.getQualifier()));
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(k.getValue()));
System.out.println(k.getTimestamp());
}
return result;
} //遍历查询表
@Override
public ResultScanner getResultScann(String tableName) throws Exception { Scan scan=new Scan();
ResultScanner rs =null;
HTable htable=new HTable(conf, tableName);
try{
rs=htable.getScanner(scan);
for(Result r: rs){
for(KeyValue kv:r.list()){ System.out.println(Bytes.toString(kv.getRow()));
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(kv.getFamily()));
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(kv.getQualifier()));
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(kv.getValue()));
System.out.println(kv.getTimestamp());
}
}
}finally{
rs.close();
}
return rs;
} @Override
public ResultScanner getResultScann(String tableName, Scan scan) throws Exception { ResultScanner rs =null;
HTable htable=new HTable(conf, tableName);
try{
rs=htable.getScanner(scan);
for(Result r: rs){
for(KeyValue kv:r.list()){ System.out.println(Bytes.toString(kv.getRow()));
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(kv.getFamily()));
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(kv.getQualifier()));
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(kv.getValue()));
System.out.println(kv.getTimestamp());
}
}
}finally{
rs.close();
}
return rs;
} //查询表中的某一列
@Override
public Result getResultByColumn(String tableName, String rowKey, String familyName, String columnName)
throws Exception { HTable htable=new HTable(conf, tableName);
Get get=new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(familyName),Bytes.toBytes(columnName));
Result result=htable.get(get);
for(KeyValue kv: result.list()){ System.out.println(Bytes.toString(kv.getFamily()));
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(kv.getQualifier()));
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(kv.getValue()));
System.out.println(kv.getTimestamp()); }
return result;
} //查询某列数据的某个版本
@Override
public Result getResultByVersion(String tableName, String rowKey, String familyName, String columnName,
int versions) throws Exception { HTable htable=new HTable(conf, tableName);
Get get =new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(familyName), Bytes.toBytes(columnName));
get.setMaxVersions(versions);
Result result=htable.get(get); for(KeyValue kv: result.list()){ System.out.println(Bytes.toString(kv.getFamily()));
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(kv.getQualifier()));
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(kv.getValue()));
System.out.println(kv.getTimestamp()); } return result;
} //删除指定某列
@Override
public void deleteColumn(String tableName, String rowKey, String falilyName, String columnName) throws Exception { HTable htable=new HTable(conf, tableName);
// Delete delete1=new Delete(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
Delete de =new Delete(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
de.deleteColumn(Bytes.toBytes(falilyName), Bytes.toBytes(columnName));
htable.delete(de);
} //删除指定的某个rowkey
@Override
public void deleteColumn(String tableName, String rowKey) throws Exception {
HTable htable=new HTable(conf, tableName); Delete de =new Delete(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
htable.delete(de); } //让该表失效
@Override
public void disableTable(String tableName) throws Exception {
HBaseAdmin admin=new HBaseAdmin(conf);
admin.disableTable(tableName); } //删除表
@Override
public void dropTable(String tableName) throws Exception { HBaseAdmin admin=new HBaseAdmin(conf);
admin.disableTable(tableName);
admin.deleteTable(tableName); } }
package com.ghgj.hbase.test1610; import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List; import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.KeyValue;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Get;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HBaseAdmin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes; public class HBaseAPIDemo1610 implements HBaseDemoInterface { private static final String ROWKEY = "p001";
private static final String ROWKEY2 = "p002";
private static final String FAMILY1 = "cf1";
private static final String FAMILY2 = "cf2";
private static final String KEY = "name";
private static final String VALUE = "huangbo"; private static final String TABLE_NAME = "person";
private static final String[] COLUMN_FAMILY = new String[] { FAMILY1, FAMILY2 }; static Configuration conf = null;
static HBaseAdmin admin = null;
static HTable table = null; static {
try {
conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "hadoop03:2181,hadoop04:2181,hadoop05:2181");
admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
table = new HTable(conf, TABLE_NAME); } catch (IOException e) {
// e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("报错");
}
} public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
HBaseAPIDemo1610 hbase = new HBaseAPIDemo1610(); // 测试创建表
hbase.createTable(TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_FAMILY); // 测试创建表
HTableDescriptor htd = new HTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf(TABLE_NAME));
for (int i = 0; i < COLUMN_FAMILY.length; i++) {
HColumnDescriptor cf1 = new HColumnDescriptor(COLUMN_FAMILY[i]);
htd.addFamily(cf1);
}
hbase.createTable(TABLE_NAME, htd); // 查看表属性
hbase.descTable(TABLE_NAME); // 查询所有的表
hbase.getAllTables(); // 测试修改表
hbase.modifyTable(TABLE_NAME); // 插入数据
hbase.putData(TABLE_NAME, ROWKEY, FAMILY1, KEY, VALUE); // 测试插入一堆数据
String[] column1 = new String[] { "name1", "age", "province" };
String[] value1 = new String[] { "huangbo", "33", "xinjiang" };
String[] column2 = new String[] { "gender" };
String[] value2 = new String[] { "male" };
hbase.addData(TABLE_NAME, ROWKEY2, column1, value1, column2, value2); // 通过rowkey查询数据
Result result = hbase.getResult(TABLE_NAME, ROWKEY2);
System.out.println(result.toString());
List<KeyValue> list = result.list();
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
KeyValue kv = list.get(i);
printKeyValye(kv);
} // 通过rowkey, family, province查询数据
Result result1 = hbase.getResult(TABLE_NAME, ROWKEY2, FAMILY1, "province");
List<Cell> cells = result1.listCells();
for (int i = 0; i < cells.size(); i++) {
Cell cell = cells.get(i);
printCell(cell);
} // 扫描全表数据
ResultScanner resultScann = hbase.getResultScann(TABLE_NAME);
printResultScanner(resultScann); /*Iterator<Result> iterator = resultScann.iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()){
Result next = iterator.next();
}*/ // 通过scan扫描全表数据,scan中可以加入一些过滤条件
Scan scan = new Scan();
scan.setStartRow(Bytes.toBytes("user"));
scan.setStopRow(Bytes.toBytes("zk002"));
scan.setTimeRange(1488252774189l, 1488252774191l);
ResultScanner resultScann1 = hbase.getResultScann(TABLE_NAME, scan);
printResultScanner(resultScann1); // 两种方式查询最大版本数的hbase数据
Result resultByVersion = hbase.getResultByVersion(TABLE_NAME, ROWKEY, FAMILY1, "name", 3);
printResult(resultByVersion);
System.out.println("-------------------");
ResultScanner rs = hbase.getResultByVersion(ROWKEY, FAMILY1, "name", 3);
printResultScanner(rs); // 删除表
hbase.dropTable(TABLE_NAME);
} public static void printResultScanner(ResultScanner resultScann) {
for (Result result : resultScann) {
printResult(result);
}
} public static void printResult(Result result) {
List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
for (int i = 0; i < cells.size(); i++) {
Cell cell = cells.get(i);
printCell(cell);
}
} public static void printCell(Cell cell) {
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(cell.getRow()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getFamily()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getQualifier()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getValue()) + "\t" + cell.getTimestamp());
} public static void printKeyValye(KeyValue kv) {
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(kv.getRow()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(kv.getFamily()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(kv.getQualifier()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(kv.getValue()) + "\t" + kv.getTimestamp());
} // create 'tablename','cf1','cf2'
@Override
public void createTable(String tableName, String[] family) throws Exception {
HTableDescriptor htd = new HTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
for (int i = 0; i < family.length; i++) {
HColumnDescriptor cf1 = new HColumnDescriptor(family[i]);
htd.addFamily(cf1);
}
admin.createTable(htd);
boolean tableExists = admin.tableExists(Bytes.toBytes(tableName));
System.out.println(tableExists ? "创建表成功" : "创建失败");
} @Override
public void createTable(String tableName, HTableDescriptor htd) throws Exception {
admin.createTable(htd);
boolean tableExists = admin.tableExists(Bytes.toBytes(tableName));
System.out.println(tableExists ? "创建表成功" : "创建失败");
} // desc 'person'
@Override
public void descTable(String tableName) throws Exception {
HTableDescriptor tableDescriptor = table.getTableDescriptor();
HColumnDescriptor[] columnFamilies = tableDescriptor.getColumnFamilies();
for (HColumnDescriptor hcd : columnFamilies) {
// System.out.println(hcd.toString()+"\t");
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(hcd.getName()));
}
} @Override
public void modifyTable(String tableName) throws Exception {
// 这种方式是替换该表tableName的所有列簇
HTableDescriptor htd = new HTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
htd.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(Bytes.toBytes("cf3")));
htd.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(Bytes.toBytes("cf2")));
admin.modifyTable(tableName, htd); // 删除该表tableName当中的特定的列簇
// admin.deleteColumn(tableName, "cf3"); System.out.println("修改成功");
} // list
@Override
public void getAllTables() throws Exception {
TableName[] listTableNames = admin.listTableNames();
for (TableName tn : listTableNames) {
System.out.println(tn.toString());
}
} // put 'tablename','rowkey','familyname:key','value'
@Override
public void putData(String tableName, String rowKey, String familyName, String columnName, String value) throws Exception {
// HTable table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
put.add(Bytes.toBytes(familyName), Bytes.toBytes(columnName), Bytes.toBytes(value));
table.put(put);
System.out.println("插入成功");
} /**
* @param tableName
* 表名
* @param rowKey
* rowkey
* @param column1
* 第一个列簇的key数组
* @param value1
* 第一个列簇的value数组,key数组和value数组长度必须一样
* @param column2
* 第二列簇的key数组
* @param value2
* 第二个列簇的values数组, 同上同理
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void addData(String tableName, String rowKey, String[] column1, String[] value1, String[] column2, String[] value2) throws Exception {
List<Put> puts = new ArrayList<Put>(); for (int i = 0; i < column1.length; i++) {
Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
put.add(Bytes.toBytes(FAMILY1), Bytes.toBytes(column1[i]), Bytes.toBytes(value1[i]));
puts.add(put);
} for (int i = 0; i < column2.length; i++) {
Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
put.add(Bytes.toBytes(FAMILY2), Bytes.toBytes(column2[i]), Bytes.toBytes(value2[i]));
puts.add(put);
} table.put(puts);
System.out.println("插入一堆数据成功");
} // get 'tablename','rowkey'
@Override
public Result getResult(String tableName, String rowKey) throws Exception {
Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
Result result = table.get(get);
return result;
} @Override
public Result getResult(String tableName, String rowKey, String familyName, String columnName) throws Exception {
Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(familyName), Bytes.toBytes(columnName));
Result result = table.get(get);
return result;
} @Override
public ResultScanner getResultScann(String tableName) throws Exception {
Scan scan = new Scan();
ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
// ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(Bytes.toBytes(FAMILY2));
// ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(Bytes.toBytes(FAMILY1),
// Bytes.toBytes("name1"));
return scanner;
} @Override
public ResultScanner getResultScann(String tableName, Scan scan) throws Exception {
return table.getScanner(scan);
} @Override
public Result getResultByColumn(String tableName, String rowKey, String familyName, String columnName) throws Exception {
return null;
} // get 'person','p001',{COLUMNS => 'cf1:name', VERSIONS => 3}
@Override
public Result getResultByVersion(String tableName, String rowKey, String familyName, String columnName, int versions) throws Exception {
Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(familyName), Bytes.toBytes(columnName));
get.setMaxVersions(versions);
Result result = table.get(get);
return result;
} public ResultScanner getResultByVersion(String rowKey, String familyName, String columnName, int versions) throws Exception {
Scan scan = new Scan(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey), Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
scan.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(familyName), Bytes.toBytes(columnName));
scan.setMaxVersions(versions);
ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
return scanner;
} @Override
public void deleteColumn(String tableName, String rowKey, String falilyName, String columnName) throws Exception { } @Override
public void deleteColumn(String tableName, String rowKey) throws Exception { } @Override
public void disableTable(String tableName) throws Exception {
admin.disableTable(tableName);
} @Override
public void dropTable(String tableName) throws Exception {
try {
admin.deleteTable(tableName);
} catch (Exception e) {
// e.printStackTrace();
disableTable(tableName);
admin.deleteTable(tableName);
System.out.println("ssssssss");
} finally {
boolean tableExists = admin.tableExists(Bytes.toBytes(tableName));
System.out.println(tableExists ? "删除失败" : "删除成功");
}
}
}
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