java原生序列化和Kryo序列化性能比较

简介

最近几年，各种新的高效序列化方式层出不穷，不断刷新序列化性能的上限，最典型的包括：

• 专门针对Java语言的：Kryo，FST等等
• 跨语言的：Protostuff，ProtoBuf，Thrift，Avro，MsgPack等等

这些序列化方式的性能多数都显著优于hessian2（甚至包括尚未成熟的dubbo序列化）。有鉴于此，我们为dubbo引入Kryo和FST这 两种高效Java序列化实现，来逐步取代hessian2。其中，Kryo是一种非常成熟的序列化实现，已经在Twitter、Groupon、 Yahoo以及多个著名开源项目（如Hive、Storm）中广泛的使用。而FST是一种较新的序列化实现，目前还缺乏足够多的成熟使用案例，但它还是非 常有前途的，下面我们比较下，java原生序列化Kryo序列化性能比较

1、实体类 Simple.java

package bhz.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Map;

public class Simple  implements Serializable
{
     private static final long serialVersionUID = -4914434736682797743L;
     private String name;
     private int age;
     private Map<String,Integer> map;
     public Simple(){  

     }
     public Simple(String name,int age,Map<String,Integer> map){
         this.name = name;
         this.age = age;
         this.map = map;
     }  

     public String getName() {
       return name;
     }  

     public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
     }  

     public int getAge() {
        return age;
     }  

     public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
     }  

     public Map<String, Integer> getMap() {
        return map;
     }  

     public void setMap(Map<String, Integer> map) {
        this.map = map;
     }  

}  

2、java原生序列化 OriginalSerializable.java

package bhz.test;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import bhz.entity.Simple;

public class OriginalSerializable {  

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        long start =  System.currentTimeMillis();
        setSerializableObject();
        System.out.println("java原生序列化时间:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) + " ms" );  
        start =  System.currentTimeMillis();
        getSerializableObject();
        System.out.println("java原生反序列化时间:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) + " ms");
    }  

    public static void setSerializableObject() throws IOException{  

        FileOutputStream fo = new FileOutputStream("D:/file2.bin");  

        ObjectOutputStream so = new ObjectOutputStream(fo);  

        for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
            Map<String,Integer> map = new HashMap<String, Integer>(2);
            map.put("zhang0", i);
            map.put("zhang1", i);
            so.writeObject(new Simple("zhang"+i,(i+1),map));
        }
        so.flush();
        so.close();
    }  

    public static void getSerializableObject(){
         FileInputStream fi;
        try {
            fi = new FileInputStream("D:/file2.bin");
            ObjectInputStream si = new ObjectInputStream(fi);  

            Simple simple =null;
            while((simple=(Simple)si.readObject()) != null){
                //System.out.println(simple.getAge() + "  " + simple.getName());
            }
            fi.close();
            si.close();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            //e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }  

    }  

}  

3、kyro序列化 KyroSerializable.java

package bhz.test;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.objenesis.strategy.StdInstantiatorStrategy;

import bhz.entity.Simple;

import com.esotericsoftware.kryo.Kryo;
import com.esotericsoftware.kryo.KryoException;
import com.esotericsoftware.kryo.io.Input;
import com.esotericsoftware.kryo.io.Output;

public class KyroSerializable {  

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        long start =  System.currentTimeMillis();
        setSerializableObject();
        System.out.println("Kryo 序列化时间:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) + " ms" );
        start =  System.currentTimeMillis();
        getSerializableObject();
        System.out.println("Kryo 反序列化时间:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) + " ms");  

    }  

    public static void setSerializableObject() throws FileNotFoundException{  

        Kryo kryo = new Kryo();
        kryo.setReferences(false);
        kryo.setRegistrationRequired(false);
        kryo.setInstantiatorStrategy(new StdInstantiatorStrategy());
        kryo.register(Simple.class);
        Output output = new Output(new FileOutputStream("D:/file1.bin"));
        for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
            Map<String,Integer> map = new HashMap<String, Integer>(2);
            map.put("zhang0", i);
            map.put("zhang1", i);
            kryo.writeObject(output, new Simple("zhang"+i,(i+1),map));
        }
        output.flush();
        output.close();
    }  

    public static void getSerializableObject(){
        Kryo kryo = new Kryo();
        kryo.setReferences(false);
        kryo.setRegistrationRequired(false);
        kryo.setInstantiatorStrategy(new StdInstantiatorStrategy());
        Input input;
        try {
            input = new Input(new FileInputStream("D:/file1.bin"));
            Simple simple =null;
            while((simple=kryo.readObject(input, Simple.class)) != null){
                //System.out.println(simple.getAge() + "  " + simple.getName() + "  " + simple.getMap().toString());
            }  

            input.close();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch(KryoException e){  

        }
    }  

}  

4、测试结果对比

java原生序列化时间:8281 ms
java原生反序列化时间:5899 ms

和

Kryo 序列化时间:630 ms
Kryo 反序列化时间:15 ms

经过对比，可以发现kryo是java原生序列化性能十几倍