用python爬虫抓站的一些技巧总结

1. [代码]最基本的抓站    

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1 2	import urllib2 content = urllib2.urlopen('http://XXXX').read()

2. [代码]使用代理服务器    

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import urllib2 proxy_support = urllib2.ProxyHandler({'http':'http://XX.XX.XX.XX:XXXX'}) opener = urllib2.build_opener(proxy_support, urllib2.HTTPHandler) urllib2.install_opener(opener) content = urllib2.urlopen('http://XXXX').read()

3. [代码]需要登录的情况：    

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#1 cookie的处理   import urllib2, cookielib cookie_support= urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookielib.CookieJar()) opener = urllib2.build_opener(cookie_support, urllib2.HTTPHandler) urllib2.install_opener(opener) content = urllib2.urlopen('http://XXXX').read()   #2 用代理和cookie   opener = urllib2.build_opener(proxy_support, cookie_support, urllib2.HTTPHandler)   #3 表单的处理   import urllib postdata=urllib.urlencode({     'username':'XXXXX',     'password':'XXXXX',     'continueURI':'http://www.verycd.com/',     'fk':fk,     'login_submit':'登录' })   req = urllib2.Request(     url = 'http://secure.verycd.com/signin/*/http://www.verycd.com/',     data = postdata ) result = urllib2.urlopen(req).read()   #4 伪装成浏览器访问   headers = {     'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.6) Gecko/20091201 Firefox/3.5.6' } req = urllib2.Request(     url = 'http://secure.verycd.com/signin/*/http://www.verycd.com/',     data = postdata,     headers = headers )   #5 反”反盗链”   headers = {     'Referer':'http://www.cnbeta.com/articles' }

4. [代码]多线程并发抓取    

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from threading import Thread from Queue import Queue from time import sleep #q是任务队列 #NUM是并发线程总数 #JOBS是有多少任务 q = Queue() NUM = 2 JOBS = 10 #具体的处理函数，负责处理单个任务 def do_somthing_using(arguments):     print arguments #这个是工作进程，负责不断从队列取数据并处理 def working():     while True:         arguments = q.get()         do_somthing_using(arguments)         sleep(1)         q.task_done() #fork NUM个线程等待队列 for i in range(NUM):     t = Thread(target=working)     t.setDaemon(True)     t.start() #把JOBS排入队列 for i in range(JOBS):     q.put(i) #等待所有JOBS完成 q.join()

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