linux安装mysql（tar.gz）

1. 查看卸载自带的mysql

# rpm -qa|grep MySQL
MySQL-X.X.X
#rpm -e MySQL-X.X.X

# rpm -qa|grep mariadb　　#有些版本还得查看卸载这个玩意，貌似mysql开源的一个数据库

2. 下载安装包

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.5.html#downloads(官方下载地址)

位置1：选择对应的版本

位置2：更多版本的链接

备注：下载之后，确定有script目录和bin目录。

3.安装包上传到linux机器上

4. 解压到安装目录

# tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.62-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /opt/module/

# mv mysql-5.5.62-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql-5.5.62　　#重命名一下

5. 修改mysql的配置文件

# vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
skip-name-resolve
#设置3306端口
port = 3306
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# 设置mysql的安装目录,（注意，目录写自己的）
basedir=/opt/module/mysql-5.5.62

# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录, （注意，目录写自己的）
datadir=/opt/module/mysql-5.5.62/data

# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=200

# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8

# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB

lower_case_table_name=1
max_allowed_packet=16M

6. 添加mysql用户和用户组

# cd /opt/module/mysql-5.5.62/　　#到mysql安装目录

# groupadd mysql

# useradd -g mysql mysql

# chown -R mysql:mysql ./

7. 安装mysql

[root@slave1 mysql-5.5.62]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/module/mysql-5.5.62/ --datadir=/opt/module/mysql-5.5.62/data/
Installing MySQL system tables...
191215 21:20:18 [Warning] Using unique option prefix lower_case_table_name instead of lower_case_table_names is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use the full name instead.
191215 21:20:18 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap.
191215 21:20:18 [Note] /opt/module/mysql-5.5.62//bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.62) starting as process 101287 ...
OK
Filling help tables...
191215 21:20:18 [Warning] Using unique option prefix lower_case_table_name instead of lower_case_table_names is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use the full name instead.
191215 21:20:18 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap.
191215 21:20:18 [Note] /opt/module/mysql-5.5.62//bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.62) starting as process 101294 ...
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

/opt/module/mysql-5.5.62//bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/opt/module/mysql-5.5.62//bin/mysqladmin -u root -h 192.168.222.101 password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:
/opt/module/mysql-5.5.62//bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /opt/module/mysql-5.5.62/ ; /opt/module/mysql-5.5.62//bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /opt/module/mysql-5.5.62//mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/

8. 配置mysql（能通过service start mysql这种命令来启动停止mysql）

# chown -R mysql:mysql data
# chown 777 /etc.my.cnf
# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
# chkconfig --add mysqld
# chkconfig --list mysqld
# mkdir /var/lib/mysql
# chmod 777 /var/lib/mysql

9. 配置PATH

# vim /etc/profile

export PATH=$PATH:/opt/module/mysql-5.5.62/bin

# source /etc/profile

10. 启动mysql

[root@slave1 mysql-5.5.62]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/opt/module/mysql-5.5.62/data/slave1.err'.
. SUCCESS!

11. 登录mysql

[root@slave1 mysql-5.5.62]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#直接回车就行，第一次登录没有密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.62 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> set passport=passport("000000");
ERROR 1193 (HY000): Unknown system variable 'passport'
mysql> set password=password("000000");　　#更改一下密码，以后用 000000 登录mysql
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye