RabbitMQ（四） -- Routing

RabbitMQ（四） -- Routing

`rabbitmq`可以通过路由选择订阅者来发布消息。

Bindings

通过下面的函数绑定Exchange与消息队列：

channel.queue_bind(exchange=exchange_name, queue=queue_name)

可以通过添加`routing_key`来做路由选择，如下：

channel.queue_bind(exchange=exchange_name, queue=queue_name, routing_key='black')

Direct Exchange

为了使用直接转发，可以设置`Exchange`的类型为`direct`。
在`rabbitmq`中直接转发的算法很简单，如果`binding key`与`routing key`相同，消息会直接添加到相应的消息队列中取。

Multiple bindings

`rabbitmq`允许一个`Exchange`绑定多个消息队列，那么该`Exchange`会把消息分别发布到绑定的多个消息队列中。

例子

生产者：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding=utf-8

import pika
import sys
import time

connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
host='localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()

channel.exchange_declare(exchange='news', type='fanout')
for i in range(100):
    message = str(i) + 'Hello World!'
    if i%2 == 0:
        channel.basic_publish(exchange='news', routing_key='', body=message)
    else:
        channel.basic_publish(exchange='news', routing_key='', body=message)
    print " [x] Sent %r" % (message,)
    time.sleep(2)
connection.close()

消费者：

import pika
import sys

parameters = pika.URLParameters('amqp://mtest:root@rabbit-server:5672/%2F')
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(parameters)
channel = connection.channel()

channel.exchange_declare(exchange='news', type='fanout')

result = channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True)
queue_name = result.method.queue

channel.queue_bind(exchange='news', queue=queue_name, routing_key=sys.argv[1])

print ' [*] Waiting for news. To exit press CTRL+C'

def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
    print " [x] %r" % (body,)

channel.basic_consume(callback, queue=queue_name, no_ack=True)

channel.start_consuming()