729 - The Hamming Distance Problem
// 题意:
// 输入两个整数N, H,按照字典序输出所有长度为N,恰好包含H个1的01串
// 规模:1<=H<=N<=16
// 算法A:2^N枚举,输出1的个数为H的。采用递归枚举
// 从bits[d]开始确定,已经用了c0个0和c1个1
算法A:递归枚举
// 算法A:2^N枚举,输出1的个数为H的。采用递归枚举
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
const int maxn = 20;
int N, H, bits[maxn]; // 从bits[d]开始确定,已经用了c0个0和c1个1
void gen(int d, int c0, int c1) {
if(d == N) {
if(c1 != H) return;
for(int i = 0; i < N; i++) printf("%d", bits[i]);
printf("\n");
} else {
bits[d] = 0; gen(d+1, c0+1, c1);
bits[d] = 1; gen(d+1, c0, c1+1);
}
} int main() {
int T;
scanf("%d", &T);
while(T--) {
scanf("%d%d", &N, &H);
gen(0, 0, 0);
if(T) printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}
算法A改进:递归枚举加剪枝
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std; int n,h;
int buf[16];
void solve(int c0, int c1, int d)
{
if(d==n)
{
if(c1==h)
{
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
printf("%d", buf[i]);
printf("\n");
}
return;
} if(c0<n-h)
{
buf[d]=0;
solve(c0+1, c1, d+1);
} if(c1<h)
{
buf[d]=1;
solve(c0, c1+1, d+1);
} } int main()
{
int T;
scanf("%d", &T);
while(T--) {
scanf("%d %d", &n, &h);
solve(0, 0, 0);
if(T)
printf("\n");
} return 0;
}
算法B:二进制枚举子集
// 算法B:2^N枚举,输出1的个数为H的,采用直接枚举子集
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
int N, H; int main() {
int T;
scanf("%d", &T);
while(T--) {
scanf("%d%d", &N, &H);
for(int i = 0; i < (1<<N); i++) {
int cnt = 0;
for(int j = 0; j < N; j++) if(i & (1<<j)) cnt++;
if(cnt == H) {
for(int j = N-1; j >= 0; j--) printf("%d", (i & (1<<j)) ? 1 : 0);
printf("\n");
}
}
if(T) printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}
算法C:
// 算法C:C(N,H)枚举,枚举的对象为0,所以枚举顺序就是字典序
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
const int maxn = 20;
int N, H, zero[maxn]; // zero[i]为第i为是否为0 // 从第d个0的位置开始确定,取值范围是from~N-1
void gen(int d, int from) {
if(d == N-H) {
for(int i = 0; i < N; i++) printf("%d", zero[i] ? 0 : 1);
printf("\n");
} else {
for(int i = from; i < N; i++) {
zero[i] = 1;
gen(d+1, i+1);
zero[i] = 0;
}
}
} int main() {
int T;
scanf("%d", &T);
while(T--) {
scanf("%d%d", &N, &H);
memset(zero, 0, sizeof(zero));
gen(0, 0);
if(T) printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}
算法D: stl next_permutation
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std; const int N=100;
int s[N];
int n, r; void rcom()
{
do
{
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("%d", s[N-n+i]);
}
printf("\n");
}while(next_permutation(s+N-n, s+N));
} int main()
{
int T;
cin>>T;
while(T--)
{
cin>>n>>r;
memset(s, 0, sizeof s);
for(int i=0;i<r;i++)
{
s[N-1-i]=1;
}
rcom();
if(T)
printf("\n");
} return 0;
}
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