Codeforces 401D Roman and Numbers
题目大意
Description
给定一个数 N(N<1018) , 求有多少个经过 N 重组的数是 M(M≤100) 的倍数.
注意: ①重组不能有前导零; ②重组的数相同, 则只能算一个数.
Input
第一行两个数 N , M .
Output
输出满足要求的数的个数.
Sample Input
223 4
Sample Output
1
题解
状压DP.
\(f[i][j]\)中, \(i\)是状态, 表示原数中哪些位已经被新数占用. 因此, 一个Naive的想法就是对于新数的每一位, 进行一次DP, 时间复杂度: \(2^{18} \times 18 \times 18\), 显然会TLE.
我们注意到, 每当我们进行一次转移, 也就是在新数中填入一位的时候, 状态\(i\)都只会变小, 因此我们从\(2^{18} - 1\)往下直接进行一次DP即可. 时间复杂度: \(2^{18} * 18\), 尚可接受.
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
const int LEN = 18, M = 100;
int main()
{
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
freopen("CF401D.in", "r", stdin);
#endif
static long long pw[LEN];
pw[0] = 1;
for(int i = 1; i < LEN; ++ i)
pw[i] = pw[i - 1] * 10;
long long n, m;
scanf("%lld%lld\n", &n, &m);
int len = 0;
long long tmp = n;
static int cnt[10];
for(; tmp; tmp /= 10, ++ len)
++ cnt[tmp % 10];
static long long fac[10];
for(int i = 0; i < 10; ++ i)
{
fac[i] = 1;
for(int j = 1; j <= cnt[i]; ++ j)
fac[i] *= j;
}
static long long f[1 << LEN][M];
memset(f, 0, sizeof(f));
f[(1 << len) - 1][0] = 1;
/*
for(int l = len - 1; ~ l; -- l)
for(long long i = 0; i < 1 << len; ++ i)
for(int j = 0; j < m; ++ j)
if(f[i][j])
{
for(int k = 0; k < len; ++ k)
{
if(n / pw[k] % 10 == 0 && l == len - 1)
continue;
if(i >> k & 1)
f[i ^ (1 << k)][(j + n / pw[k] % 10 * pw[l]) % m] += f[i][j];
}
f[i][j] = 0;
} */
for(int i = (1 << len) - 1; ~ i; -- i)
for(int j = 0; j < len; ++ j)
if(i >> j & 1 && (i ^ (1 << len) - 1 || n / pw[j] % 10 % 10))
for(int k = 0; k < m; ++ k)
f[i ^ (1 << j)][(k * 10 + n / pw[j] % 10) % m] += f[i][k];
long long ans = f[0][0];
for(int i = 0; i < 10; ++ i)
ans /= fac[i];
printf("%lld\n", ans);
}
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