Codeforces 739B Alyona and a tree(树上路径倍增及差分)
题目链接 Alyona and a tree
比较考验我思维的一道好题。
首先,做一遍DFS预处理出$t[i][j]$和$d[i][j]$。$t[i][j]$表示从第$i$个节点到离他第$2^{j}$近的祖先,$d[i][j]$表示从$i$开始到$t[i][j]$的路径上的路径权值总和。
在第一次DFS的同时,对节点$x$进行定位(结果为$dist(x, y)<=a(y)$)的离$x$最远的$x$的某个祖先,然后进行$O(1)$的差分。
第一次DFS完成后,做第二次DFS统计答案(统计差分后的结果)
时间复杂度$O(NlogN)$
#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; #define REP(i, n) for(int i(0); i < (n); ++i)
#define rep(i, a, b) for(int i(a); i <= (b); ++i)
#define dec(i, a, b) for(int i(a); i >= (b); --i)
#define LL long long
#define sz(x) (int)x.size() const int N = 200000 + 10;
const int A = 30 + 1; vector <int> v[N], c[N];
LL a[N], deep[N];
LL x, y;
int n, cnt;
LL t[N][A], d[N][A];
LL g[N], value[N];
LL s[N];
LL ans[N]; void dfs(int x, int fa){ if (g[x]){
t[x][0] = g[x];
d[x][0] = value[x];
for (int i = 0; t[t[x][i]][i]; ++i){
t[x][i + 1] = t[t[x][i]][i];
d[x][i + 1] = d[t[x][i]][i] + d[x][i];
}
int now = x, noww = 0;
bool flag = false;
dec(i, 20, 0){
if (t[now][i] && d[now][i] + noww <= a[x]){
noww += d[now][i];
now = t[now][i];
flag = true;
}
}
if (flag){
--s[g[now]]; ++s[g[x]];
}
} REP(i, sz(v[x])){
int u = v[x][i];
deep[u] = deep[x] + 1;
dfs(u, x);
}
} void dfs2(int x){
ans[x] += s[x];
REP(i, sz(v[x])){
dfs2(v[x][i]);
ans[x] += ans[v[x][i]];
}
} int main(){ scanf("%d", &n);
rep(i, 1, n) scanf("%lld", a + i);
rep(i, 2, n){
scanf("%lld%lld", &x, &y);
g[i] = x; value[i] = y;
v[x].push_back(i), c[x].push_back(y);
} memset(s, 0, sizeof s);
cnt = 0;
deep[1] = 0;
dfs(1, 0);
memset(ans, 0, sizeof ans);
dfs2(1);
rep(i, 1, n - 1) printf("%lld ", ans[i]);
printf("%lld\n", ans[n]);
return 0; }
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