人机交互技术 Week 2_History of HCI
Recap: Interaction Design
- Interaction Design
- Designing interactive products to support people in their everyday and working lives.
- Goals of ID
- Allows users to carry out tasks safely, effectively, efficiently, and enjoyably.
Recap: Why is HCI important?
- Computers (in one way or another) now affect every person in society
- Product success may depend on ease of use, not necessarily power
Why study human use of computers?
- HCI is worth studying because it aligns both human interests and economic interests.
- The HCI discipline includes the study of:
- the use and context of computers
- human characterstics
- computer system and interface architecture
- the development process
History of HCI
key people, events and ideas
Main theme
- human->computer
- ↓
computer->human
由人适应计算机发展为计算机适应人,未来可能向人机融合发展,而非谁适应谁
Five stages
Manual work
狭义的手工作业阶段,如算盘
Command line
第一次人机交互革命 ↓
- GUI
- Network UI
Multi-modal UI
第二次人机交互革命
- Natural use interface, NUI
- 通过多模态(各种感官通道)形成与计算机自然的交互
- 对NUI概念要慎重,尚未讨论清楚
- Intelligent use interface, IUI
Input/Output devices
The lesson
Keyboards & terminals are just artifacts of today's technologies
artifact: 人造物->我们或许也可以某种程度上改变世界
New input/output devices will change the way we interact with computers
Basic Interactions
Direct Manipulation of graphical objects
direct Manipulation 有学术定义
- The Mouse
Windows
工作空间
Vannevar Bush (1890-1974)
"As we may think" article in Atlantic Monthly
建议阅读 https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1945/07/as-we-may-think/303881/
Identified the information storage and retrieval problem: new knowledge does not reach the people who could benefit from it.
"publication has been extended far beyond our present ability to make real use of the record"
- Bush's Memex
- Conceiving Hypertext and the World Wide Web
- a device where individuals stores all personal books, records, communication.etc
- items retrieved rapidly through indexing, keywords, cross references,...
- can annotate text with margin notes comments...
- can construct and save a trail (chain of links) through the material
- acts as an external memory
- Bush's Memex based on microfilm recorder
- but not implemented
- Conceiving Hypertext and the World Wide Web
- 布什认为世界是模糊的,应当以模糊的方式来处理,所以他不支持数字计算机
- ↑ 涉及到世界认知的本源问题——如果世界的本源是离散的,那么离散建模没有问题;如果世界的本源并非离散,那么有可能现在阶段的建模是完全错误的
J.C.R. licklider (1915-1990)
- "Computing's Johnny Appleseed"
- His ideas foretold of graphical computing, point-and-click interfaces, digital libraries, e-commerce, online banking, and software that would exist on a network and migrate to wherever it was needed.
- Outlined "man-computer symbiosis"
- Immediate goals
time sharing of computers among many users
分时技术
- electronic i/o for the display and communication of symbolic and pictorial information
- interactive real time system for information processing and programming
large scale information storage and retrieval
目前其实仍未做到
- facilitation of human cooperation in the design & programming of large systems
- combined speech recognition, hand-printed character recognition & light-pen editing
- Long tem visions
- natural language understanding (syntax, semantics, pragmatics)
- syntax 语法:The study of the rules whereby words or other elements of sentence
- semantics 语义:The study or science of meaning in language forms
- pragmatics 语用:The study of language as it is used in a social context and affects the interlocutors(对话者) and their behavior
- speech recognition of arbitrary computer users
- heuristic programming
- natural language understanding (syntax, semantics, pragmatics)
Ivan Sutherland's SketchPad
发明了用光笔在屏幕上可以作CAD图形,成为计算机图形学&计算机辅助设计的奠基人
- Sophisticated drawing package
- Introduced many ideas/concepts now found in today's interface
- hierarchical structures defined pictures and sub-pictures
- object-oriented programming: master pictures with instances
- constraints: specify details which the system maintains through changes
- icons: small pictures that represented more complex items
- copying: both pictures and constraints
- input techniques: efficient use of light pen
- world coordinates: separation of screen from drawing coordinates
- recursive operations: applied to children of hierarchical objects
- Parallel developments in hardware
- "low-cost" graphics terminals
- input devices such as data tablets
- display processors capable of real-time manipulation of images
- HMD
- ACM Turning Award
Douglas Engelbart
The problem (early '50s)
- "... The world is getting more complex, and problems are getting more urgent. These must be dealt with collectively. However, human abilities to deal collectively with complex/urgent problems are not increasing as fast as these problems"
- "If you could do something to improve human capability to deal with these problems, then you'd really contribute something basic."
- 探讨知识爆炸问题->中国较美国的知识爆炸期晚了约40年
A Conceptual Framework for Augmenting Human Intellect (SRI Report, 1962)
Online Resources
- ACM SIGCHI(1982) www.sigchi.org
- Human Factors & Ergonomics Society https://www.hfes.org
- HCI Journals
- The HCI Bibliography http://www.hcibib.org
- Resonant Interface Book
- ID Book http://www.id-book.com
- GUI gallery
- Bad UI designs
人机交互技术 Week 2_History of HCI的更多相关文章
- 人机交互技术 Week 1_人机交互概述
HCI Week 1_Introduction 18-19学年春夏学期选修了计院万华根老师的人机交互技术课程,老师由于知识产权相关原因不能提供课件,故尽可能对课程内容做详尽的课堂笔记以供复习,如有不妥 ...
- 人机交互技术 Week 11_Data gathering
Summary: Different Kinds of Requirements Functional requirements Data requirements Environmental req ...
- 2014年4月份第3周51Aspx源码发布详情
WPY净水机网站源码 2014-4-14 [VS2008]源码描述: 实现产品展示,在线留言,信息发布,在线咨询,营销网络地图. 网站基本管理:网站banner管理 管理首页滚动图片信息 网站右下部 ...
- Apache Commons CLI 开发命令行工具示例
概念说明Apache Commons CLI 简介 虽然各种人机交互技术飞速发展,但最传统的命令行模式依然被广泛应用于各个领域:从编译代码到系统管理,命令行因其简洁高效而备受宠爱.各种工具和系统都 提 ...
- 中国VR公司的详尽名单
中国VR公司的详尽名单 <VR圈深度投资报告一:2014年以来所有VR/AR融资事件> 特征一.投资机构观望居多 尽管VR在媒体和二级市场炒得很热,但大多风险投资机构却慎于出手,以观望 ...
- 红透半边天的VR(虚拟现实)产业
目前在做一些与AR与VR相关的工作,特此把一些个人总结的普及性概念与各位朋友共享. 一: 什么是虚拟现实(VR)技术? 虚拟现实技术是一种可以创建和体验虚拟世界的计算机仿真系统它利用计算机生成一种模拟 ...
- VREP中的力触觉设备接口(CHAI3D)
力反馈技术是一种新型的人机交互技术,它允许用户借助力反馈设备触碰.操纵计算机生成的虚拟环境中的物体,并感知物体的运动和相应的力反馈信息,实现人机力觉交互.虽然传统的鼠标.键盘.触摸屏等交互手段可以满足 ...
- 什么是UE、UI、UCD、UED?UE、UI、UCD、UED四者的区别(转)
字面释义: UE (User Experience) : 用户体验 UI (User Interface) : 用户界面 UCD (User-Centered Design) :以用户为中心的设计 U ...
- AR和VR的区别到底在哪?
AR是Augmented Reality的字母缩写,中文名字是“增强现实”,是一种全新人机交互技术.通过AR技术,让参与者与虚拟对象进行实时互动,从而获得一种奇妙的视觉体验,而且能够突破空间.时间以及 ...
随机推荐
- 小程序开发--API之登录授权逻辑
小程序登录授权获取逻辑 原生的小程序提供许多开放接口供使用者开发,快速建立小程序内的用户体系. 下面将小程序校验.登录.授权.获取用户信息诸多接口串联起来,以便更直观的认识到这些接口是如何在实际应用中 ...
- CodeForces 816E Karen and Supermarket ——(树形DP)
题意:有n件商品,每件商品都最多只能被买一次,且有一个原价和一个如果使用优惠券以后可以减少的价格,同时,除了第一件商品以外每件商品都有一个xi属性,表示买这个商品时如果要使用优惠券必须已经使用了xi的 ...
- spark错误记录总结
1.执行spark-submit时出错 执行任务如下: # ./spark-submit --class org.apache.spark.examples.SparkPi /hadoop/spark ...
- 为Python配置Vim编辑器(GUI/非GUI皆可)
原文地址:https://blog.csdn.net/alanzjl/article/details/49383943 Vim as a python IDE ** 最近一直在写Python,但一直没 ...
- Android数据绑定DataBinding(二)入门篇
前言 之前写了Android数据绑定DataBinding(一)入门篇,很简单的记录了如何使用DataBinding,其初衷是想要代码中的数据发生改变,不需要繁琐的setText等操作,在最后说到了只 ...
- 为什么要装Tomcat?
来说一说C/S架构和B/S架构 先来说说为什么C/S框架不用对tomcat之类的部署? 其中主要的原因在与这种结构本身就是有服务器来提供服务的,客户端来使用服务. 再者说为什么B/S架构要 ...
- ArcGIS超级工具SPTOOLS1.7升级说明
ArcGIS超级工具1.7升级说明:多了:5个工具,总87工具. 5.11 数据打包 44 5.11.1. mxd批量打包MPK:对一个文件夹所有MXD打包MPK 5.11.2. mxd文档发 ...
- SpringBoot2.X中的静态资源访问失效
今天开始使用SpringBoot写项目,于是先让其能够访问静态资源,但是配置半天也不能访问我的helloWorld页面,原来,在SpringBoot2.x中,一下静态资源路径不生效了. classpa ...
- /bin/sh^M:bad interpreter: No such file or directory问题
脚本命令正确无误,但是执行脚本的时候报错“/bin/sh^M:bad interpreter: No such file or directory” 原因:该脚本文件在windows系统中编辑过,引入 ...
- EINVRES Request to https://bower.herokuapp.com/packages/ failed with 502
Bower install fails with 502 - Bad Gateway when downloading bower packages. For example bower instal ...