Leetcode208. Implement Trie (Prefix Tree)实现Trie(前缀树)
实现一个 Trie (前缀树),包含 insert, search, 和 startsWith 这三个操作。
示例:
Trie trie = new Trie(); trie.insert("apple"); trie.search("apple"); // 返回 true trie.search("app"); // 返回 false trie.startsWith("app"); // 返回 true trie.insert("app"); trie.search("app"); // 返回 true
说明:
- 你可以假设所有的输入都是由小写字母 a-z 构成的。
- 保证所有输入均为非空字符串。
前缀树的基础原理实现
class Trie {
public:
struct TrieNode
{
TrieNode() : isword(false), children(26, nullptr){}
~TrieNode()
{
for(TrieNode* child : children)
{
if(child)
delete child;
}
}
bool isword;
vector<TrieNode*> children;
};
/** Initialize your data structure here. */
Trie() : root(new TrieNode())
{
}
TrieNode* root;
const TrieNode* Find(const string &prefix) const
{
const TrieNode* newRoot = root;
for(const char c : prefix)
{
newRoot = newRoot ->children[c - 'a'];
if(newRoot == nullptr)
break;
}
return newRoot;
}
/** Inserts a word into the trie. */
void insert(string word)
{
TrieNode* newRoot = root;
for(char c : word)
{
if(newRoot ->children[c - 'a'] == nullptr)
{
newRoot ->children[c - 'a'] = new TrieNode();
}
newRoot = newRoot ->children[c - 'a'];
}
newRoot ->isword = true;
}
/** Returns if the word is in the trie. */
bool search(string word)
{
const TrieNode* tmp = Find(word);
return tmp != nullptr && tmp ->isword == true;
}
/** Returns if there is any word in the trie that starts with the given prefix. */
bool startsWith(string prefix)
{
return Find(prefix) != nullptr;
}
};
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