本次我们使用idea构建springmvc项目

该案例的github地址：https://github.com/zhouyanger/demo/tree/master/springmvcdemo1

1.首先我们可以创建maven项目，file-> new ->project->maven，现则createa form archetype,这样可以生成maven的一些构建插件

2.写项目名，finish即可

3.项目结构整体如下

4.改造成我们常用的maven结构，在main下新建java包和resources包，把java包标记成根路径，resources标记成资源根路径包

4.导入springmvc的pom，整体pom如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.zy</groupId>
  <artifactId>springmvc-demo2</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>springmvc-demo2 Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
    <spring.version>5.1.6.RELEASE</spring.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <!--spring 核心包-->
    <!-- spring start -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- spring end -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!--日志-->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-log4j12 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
      <version>1.8.0-alpha0</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!--j2ee相关包 servlet、jsp、jstl-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>springmvc-demo2</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

4.1这里我们只导入了 spring-mvc的依赖，他会自动导入spring的相关包，打开maven导图你可以看到springmvc会自动依赖spring相关的jar，也就是说导入了mvc的包，他会自动把spring相关的包也导入进来，这就是maven的依赖管理的好处

5.在web.xml中写DispatcherServlet，这是springmvc的servlet，指定了springmvc的配置文件地址在classpath:spring-mvc.xml，spring容器使用ContextLoaderListener制定了spring配置文件在classpath:applicationContext.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!--spring的配置文件地址-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--springmvc的配置文件地址-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
<!--启动时间，跟服务器一起启动-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<!--拦截所有请求-->
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

6.springmvc得配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--此文件负责整个mvc中的配置-->

    <!-- 配置注解驱动 可以将request参数与绑定到controller参数上 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!--静态资源映射-->
    <!--本项目把静态资源放在了webapp的statics目录下，资源映射如下-->
    <!--<mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/static/css/"/>-->
    <!--<mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/static/js/"/>-->
    <!--<mvc:resources mapping="/image/**" location="/static/images/"/>-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />  <!--这句要加上，要不然可能会访问不到静态资源，具体作用自行百度-->

    <!-- 对模型视图名称的解析，即在模型视图名称添加前后缀(如果最后一个还是表示文件夹,则最后的斜杠不要漏了) 使用JSP-->
    <!-- 默认的视图解析器 在上边的解析错误时使用 (默认使用html)- -->
    <bean id="defaultViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/><!--设置JSP文件的目录位置-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 自动扫描装配,扫描controller包的注解，加入到容器中 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.zy.controller"/>

</beans>

7.application配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.zy">
        <!--application父容器不扫描controller注解，这样两个配置文件各自各负责各自的-->
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>

</beans>

8.根据springmvc.xml配置文件，在WEB-INF下新建views包和index.jsp

9.新建com.zy.controller包，并写一个controller类进行

10.配置tomcat服务器

11.启动tomcat服务器，http://localhost:8080/hello，这是测试jsp页面的，进行测试

12.在浏览器输入刚才controller的请求地址，看结果

12.顺利完成springmcx基于xml配置的构建。

该案例的github地址：https://github.com/zhouyanger/demo/tree/master/springmvcdemo1