C#:数据交互

JS与Web交互：http://www.docin.com/p-76710976.html

一、WinForm的WebBrowser控件与JS交互数据：

　　1、C#类内的代码执行JS脚本函数：

　　给C#类中的WebBrowser控件加载一个包含JS脚本的HTML页面：this.webBrowser1.Url = new System.Uri(Application.StartupPath + "\\kindeditor\\e.html", System.UriKind.Absolute);

　　C#类内的代码执行JS脚本的setContent（str）函数：webBrowser.Document.InvokeScript("setContent", new object[] { content });//content为C#中自定义的string类型字段。

　　2、脚本执行C#类内的函数：

　　WebBrowser.ObjectForScripting:返回或者设置一个对象,可以通过脚本访问包含的代码。譬如：在C#类中设置this.webBrowser.ObjectForScripting = this; 则webBrowser包含的脚本就可以执行this(C#类)类内的函数（如：GetContent()）。JS脚本执行this类内的GetContent公共方法：window.external.GetContent()；

二、Web与JS交换数据

　　1、JS（$.ajax）向制定的.ashx文件中的方法传输数据。需设置url项为制定文件的方法，如： url: "Service/EasyUiService.ashx?Method=Login"。具体代码如下：

    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(function() {
            $("#loginWindow").window({
                title: '登陆窗口',
                width: ,
                height: ,
                modal: true,
                shadow: false,
                closable: false,
                maximizable: false,
                minimizable: false,
                collapsible: false,
                resizable: false
            });

            $("#btnLogin").click(function() {
                var username = document.getElementById("username").value;
                var password = document.getElementById("password").value;

                loginSys(username, password);
            });

            $("#aboutSys").click(function() {
                $.messager.alert('关于', 'JQuery EasyUi练习!', 'info');
            });
        });

        //登陆操作
        function loginSys(username,password) {
            $.ajax({
                type: "POST",
                dataType: "json",
                //cache:true,
                url: "Service/EasyUiService.ashx?Method=Login",
                data: { username: username, password: password },
                success: function(json) {
                    if (json.Flag[].Status == ) {
                        window.location.href = "Index.aspx";
                    }
                    else {
                        $.messager.alert('错误', '账号或密码错误!', 'error');
                    }
                },
                error: function() {
                    $.messager.alert('错误', '获取账号信息失败...请联系管理员!', 'error');
                }
            });
        }
    </script>

　　EasyUiService.ashx文件中的Login函数对应代码如下：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.SessionState;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Text;

namespace EasyUi.Web.Service
{
    public class EasyUiService : IHttpHandler, IRequiresSessionState
    {
        HttpRequest Request;
        HttpResponse Response;
        HttpSessionState Session;
        HttpServerUtility Server;
        HttpCookie Cookie;

        public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
        {
            //不让浏览器缓存
            context.Response.Buffer = true;
            context.Response.ExpiresAbsolute = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-);
            context.Response.AddHeader("pragma", "no-cache");
            context.Response.AddHeader("cache-control", "");
            context.Response.CacheControl = "no-cache";
            context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain";

            Request = context.Request;
            Response = context.Response;
            Session = context.Session;
            Server = context.Server;

            string method = Request["Method"].ToString();
            MethodInfo methodInfo = this.GetType().GetMethod(method);
            methodInfo.Invoke(this, null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 登陆
        /// </summary>
        public void Login()
        {
            string username = Request["username"].ToString();
            string password = Request["password"].ToString();

            int flag = UserAccess.GetInstance().Login(username, password);
            int? roleId = RoleAccess.GetInstance().GetRoleIdByUsername(username);

            Cookie = new HttpCookie("RoleInfo");
            Cookie["roleId"] = roleId.ToString();
            Cookie.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddMonths();
            Response.Cookies.Add(Cookie);

            JsonConvert<object> jc = new JsonConvert<object>();
            Response.Write(jc.ToStatus(flag));
        }

        public bool IsReusable
        {
            get
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
    }
}

　　Response.Write()返回值

　　注释：ashx是一般应用程序，我现在就是用jquery和.NET开发网站的，我们用ashx作为通讯层，jquery用post传参，ashx页面接收参数，然后返回值。浏览页面时是无法看到我们编写的代码的。

　　2、Web与JQuery-EasyUI交换数据

　　　　1)树：通过URL地址指向指定文件中的函数获取Json数据

  $(function() {
            //系统管理树
            $("#sysManageTree").tree({
                checkbox: false,
                url: 'Service/EasyUiService.ashx?Method=GetSysManageTree&RoleId=' + GetCookie("RoleInfo").substring(,),
                onClick: function(node) {
                    $(this).tree('toggle', node.target);

                    //$("#contentPage").attr("src", node.attributes);
                    loadFrame(node.attributes);
                }
//                onContextMenu: function(e, node) {
//                    e.preventDefault();
//                    $('#sysManageTree').tree('select', node.target);
//                    $('#treeMenu').menu('show', {
//                        left: e.pageX,
//                        top: e.pageY
//                    });
//                }
            });
}

　　　　2）数据网格：通过URL地址指向指定文件中的函数获取Json数据

$('#roleManageGrid').datagrid({
                //title: '角色管理',
                //iconCls: 'icon-save',
                collapsible: false,
                fitColumns: true,
                singleSelect: true,
                remoteSort: false,
                sortName: 'RoleName',
                sortOrder: 'desc',
                nowrap: true,
                method: 'get',
                loadMsg: '正在加载数据...',
                url: '../Service/EasyUiService.ashx?Method=GetRoleInfo',
                frozenColumns: [[
                    { field: 'ck', checkbox: true }
                ]],
                columns: [[
                    { field: 'RoleId', title: '角色ID', width: , sortable: true },
                    { field: 'RoleName', title: '角色名称', width: ,sortable:true },
                    { field: 'RoleDes', title: '角色描述', width:  }
                ]],
                pagination: true,
                pageNumber: ,
                rownumbers: true,
                toolbar:
                [
                    {
                        id: 'btnAdd',
                        text: '添加角色',
                        iconCls: 'icon-add',
                        handler: function() {
                            $("#roleName").val("");
                            $("#roleDes").val("");
                            addRoleDialog();
                        }
                    },
                    '-',
                    {
                        id: 'btnEdit',
                        text: '编辑角色',
                        iconCls: 'icon-edit',
                        handler: function() {
                            var selected = $('#roleManageGrid').datagrid('getSelected');
                            if (selected) {
                                var roleId = selected.RoleId;
                                var roleName = selected.RoleName;
                                var roleDes = selected.RoleDes;
                                $("#roleName").val(roleName);
                                $("#roleDes").val(roleDes);
                                editRoleDialog();
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    '-',
                    {
                        id: 'btnDelete',
                        text: '删除角色',
                        disabled: true,
                        iconCls: 'icon-remove',
                        handler: function() {
                        }
                    }
                ],
                onLoadSuccess: function() {
                    //$("#roleManageGrid").datagrid('reload');
                },
                onClickRow: function(rowIndex, rowData) {
                    var roleId = rowData.RoleId;
                    loadTree(roleId);
                    RoleId = roleId;
                }
            });
        });

　　参考：

　　对应的具体函数（可跳过）：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.SessionState;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Text;

using XQH.EasyUi.Access;
using XQH.EasyUi.Entity;

namespace XQH.EasyUi.Web.Service
{
    public class EasyUiService : IHttpHandler, IRequiresSessionState
    {
        HttpRequest Request;
        HttpResponse Response;
        HttpSessionState Session;
        HttpServerUtility Server;
        HttpCookie Cookie;

        public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
        {
            //不让浏览器缓存
            context.Response.Buffer = true;
            context.Response.ExpiresAbsolute = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-);
            context.Response.AddHeader("pragma", "no-cache");
            context.Response.AddHeader("cache-control", "");
            context.Response.CacheControl = "no-cache";
            context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain";

            Request = context.Request;
            Response = context.Response;
            Session = context.Session;
            Server = context.Server;

            string method = Request["Method"].ToString();
            MethodInfo methodInfo = this.GetType().GetMethod(method);
            methodInfo.Invoke(this, null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 登陆
        /// </summary>
        public void Login()
        {
            string username = Request["username"].ToString();
            string password = Request["password"].ToString();

            int flag = UserAccess.GetInstance().Login(username, password);
            int? roleId = RoleAccess.GetInstance().GetRoleIdByUsername(username);

            Cookie = new HttpCookie("RoleInfo");
            Cookie["roleId"] = roleId.ToString();
            Cookie.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddMonths();
            Response.Cookies.Add(Cookie);

            JsonConvert<object> jc = new JsonConvert<object>();
            Response.Write(jc.ToStatus(flag));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取系统管理树
        /// </summary>
        public void GetSysManageTree()
        {
            //SetModuleType("01");
            SetModulePermission("");
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 工作管理树
        /// </summary>
        public void GetWorkManageTree()
        {
            SetModulePermission("");
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 日常管理
        /// </summary>
        public void GetDailyManageTree()
        {
            SetModulePermission("");
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 其他事项
        /// </summary>
        public void GetOtherTree()
        {
            SetModulePermission("");
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 设置模块类型(现在只支持数据库修改)
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="pid"></param>
        private void SetModuleType(string pid)
        {
            List<FunctionItemEntity> lsC = FunctionItemAccess.GetInstance().GetFunctionItemByPid(pid);
            List<FunctionItemEntity> lsP = FunctionItemAccess.GetInstance().GetFunctionNameById(pid);
            JsonConvert<FunctionItemEntity> jc = new JsonConvert<FunctionItemEntity>();
            Response.Write(jc.ToTreeNode(lsC, lsP));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 设置权限树
        /// </summary>
        public void SetPermissionTree()
        {
            int roleId = Convert.ToInt32(Server.UrlDecode(Request["RoleId"].ToString()));
            string resultStr = string.Empty;

            List<string> lsP = new List<string>();
            lsP = PermissionAccess.GetInstance().GetParentPermission();
            //此处省略得到数据列表的代码
            resultStr = "";
            resultStr += "[";
            foreach (string item in lsP)
            {
                resultStr += "{";

                List<PermissionEntity> lsC = new List<PermissionEntity>();
                lsC = PermissionAccess.GetInstance().GetChildPermission(item);
                //如果某变电站下有线路
                if (lsC.Count > )
                {
                    resultStr += string.Format("\"id\": \"{0}\", \"text\": \"{1}\", \"state\": \"closed\"", item, item);
                    resultStr += ",\"children\":[";

                    for (int i = ; i < lsC.Count; i++)
                    {
                        resultStr += "{";
                        resultStr += string.Format("\"id\": \"{0}\", \"text\": \"{1}\",\"checked\":{2} ", lsC[i].PermissionId, lsC[i].OperationName, RolePermissionAccess.GetInstance().IsPermissionOn(roleId,lsC[i].PermissionId) == null ? "false" : "true");
                        resultStr += "},";
                    }
                    resultStr = resultStr.Substring(, resultStr.Length - );
                    resultStr += "]";
                }
                else
                {
                    resultStr += string.Format("\"id\": \"{0}\", \"text\": \"{1}\" ", item, item);
                }
                resultStr += "},";
            }

            resultStr = resultStr.Substring(, resultStr.Length - );
            resultStr += "]";

            Response.Write(resultStr);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 设置模块操作权限
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="pid">父ID</param>
        private void SetModulePermission(string pid)
        {
            int roleId = Convert.ToInt32(Request.QueryString["RoleId"].ToString());

            List<FunctionItemEntity> lsC = FunctionItemAccess.GetInstance().GetOperationPermission(pid, roleId);
            List<FunctionItemEntity> lsP = FunctionItemAccess.GetInstance().GetFunctionNameById(pid);
            JsonConvert<FunctionItemEntity> jc = new JsonConvert<FunctionItemEntity>();
            Response.Write(jc.ToTreeNode(lsC, lsP));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取角色信息
        /// </summary>
        public void GetRoleInfo()
        {
            List<RoleEntity> ls = RoleAccess.GetInstance().GetRoleInfo();
            JsonConvert<RoleEntity> jc = new JsonConvert<RoleEntity>();
            Response.Write(jc.ToDataGrid(ls, ls.Count));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取账号信息
        /// </summary>
        public void GetUserInfo()
        {
            List<UserEntity> ls = UserAccess.GetInstance().GetUserInfo();
            JsonConvert<UserEntity> jc = new JsonConvert<UserEntity>();
            Response.Write(jc.ToDataGrid(ls,ls.Count));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 设置权限
        /// </summary>
        public void SetPermission()
        {
            string isChecked = Request["IsChecked"].ToString();
            int roleId = Convert.ToInt32(Request["RoleId"].ToString());
            string permissionId = Request["PermissionId"].ToString();

            //如果为true,则添加权限
            if (isChecked == "true")
            {
                RolePermissionAccess.GetInstance().AddPermission(roleId, permissionId);
            }
            else
            {
                RolePermissionAccess.GetInstance().DeletePermission(roleId, permissionId);
            }
        }

        public bool IsReusable
        {
            get
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
    }
}

　　把对象转换成JSON对象（可跳过）

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Text;

using Newtonsoft.Json;
using XQH.EasyUi.Entity;

/// <summary>
/// 把对象转换成JSON对象
/// </summary>
public class JsonConvert<T>
{   

    //------jquery ui tree json data------
    //------树节点只支持 id,text,children,attributes,checked,state,iconCls等属性
    //[
    //    {
    //        "id":"01",
    //        "text":"系统管理",
    //        "parentid":"0",
    //        "attributes":"",
    //        "children":
    //        [
    //            {
    //                "id":"0101",
    //                "text":"模块管理",
    //                "parentid":"01",
    //                "attributes":"web/modulemanage.aspx"
    //            }
    //        ]
    //    }
    //]

    //------jquery ui datagrid json data------
    //{
    //    "total":5,
    //    "rows":[
    //        {"RoleId":"001","RoleName":"Name 1","RoleDes":"Address 11"},
    //        {"RoleId":"002","RoleName":"Name 1","RoleDes":"Address 11"},
    //        {"RoleId":"003","RoleName":"Name 1","RoleDes":"Address 11"},
    //        {"RoleId":"004","RoleName":"Name 1","RoleDes":"Address 11"},
    //        {"RoleId":"005","RoleName":"Name 1","RoleDes":"Address 11"}
    //    ]
    //}

    //------jquery ui flag json data------
    //{
    //    "Flag":[{"Status":"1"}]
    //}

    /// <summary>
    ///系统树节点数据
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="lsC">子信息</param>
    /// <param name="lsP">父信息</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public StringBuilder ToTreeNode(List<T> lsC,List<T> lsP)
    {
        StringBuilder jsonData = new StringBuilder();

        jsonData.Append("[");
        jsonData.Append(JavaScriptConvert.SerializeObject(lsP[]).ToLower());
        jsonData.Replace("}", ",");
        jsonData.Append("\"children\":[");

        foreach (T item in lsC)
        {
            string jsonGroup = JavaScriptConvert.SerializeObject(item);
            jsonData.Append(jsonGroup.ToLower());
            jsonData.Append(",");
        }

        //去掉末尾“,”号
        if (lsC.Count > )
            jsonData = jsonData.Remove(jsonData.Length - , );

        jsonData.Append("]}]");
        jsonData.Replace("functionname", "text");
        jsonData.Replace("url", "attributes");

        return jsonData;
    }

    public StringBuilder ToCheckedTreeNode(List<T> lsC, List<string> lsP)
    {
        StringBuilder jsonData = new StringBuilder();

        jsonData.Append("[{");

        foreach (string str in lsP)
        {
            jsonData.Append("\"id\":");
            jsonData.Append("");
            jsonData.Append(",");
            jsonData.Append("\"text\":");
            jsonData.Append(str);
            jsonData.Append(",");
            jsonData.Append("\"children\":[");
        }

        return jsonData;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 转换成datagrid格式的数据
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="ls">数据集合</param>
    /// <param name="total">总数</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public StringBuilder ToDataGrid(List<T> ls,int total)
    {
        StringBuilder jsonData = new StringBuilder();

        jsonData.Append("{");
        jsonData.Append("\"total\":");
        jsonData.Append(total);
        jsonData.Append(",");
        jsonData.Append("\"rows\":");
        jsonData.Append("[");

        foreach (T item in ls)
        {
            string jsonGroup = JavaScriptConvert.SerializeObject(item);
            jsonData.Append(jsonGroup);
            jsonData.Append(",");
        }

        if (ls.Count > )
            jsonData = jsonData.Remove(jsonData.Length - , );

        jsonData.Append("]}");

        return jsonData;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 转换成状态格式的JSON数据
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="status"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public StringBuilder ToStatus(int status)
    {
        StringBuilder jsonData = new StringBuilder();

        jsonData.Append("{");
        jsonData.Append("\"Flag\":");
        jsonData.Append("[{");
        jsonData.Append("\"Status\":");
        jsonData.Append(status);
        jsonData.Append("}]");
        jsonData.Append("}");
        return jsonData;
    }

}

　　3、其他Web与js交互问题（摘）：

问：
.如何在JavaScript访问C#函数?
.如何在JavaScript访问C#变量?
.如何在C#中访问JavaScript的已有变量?
.如何在C#中访问JavaScript函数?

问题1答案如下：
javaScript函数中执行C#代码中的函数：
方法一：、首先建立一个按钮，在后台将调用或处理的内容写入button_click中;
、在前台写一个js函数，内容为document.getElementById("btn1").click();
、在前台或后台调用js函数，激发click事件，等于访问后台c#函数；

方法二：、函数声明为public
后台代码(把public改成protected也可以)
public string ss()
{
return("a");
}
、在html里用 <%=fucntion()% >可以调用
前台脚本
<script language=javascript >
var a = " <%=ss()% >";
alert(a);
</script >
方法三：、 <script language="javascript" >
<!--
function __doPostBack(eventTarget, eventArgument)
{
var theForm = document.Form1; //指runat=server的form
theForm.__EVENTTARGET.value = eventTarget;
theFrom.__EVENTARGUMENT.value = eventArgument;
theForm.submit();
}
-- >
</script >
<input id="Button1" type="button" name="Button1" value="按钮" onclick="javascript:__doPostBack( 'Button1 ', ' ')" >

方法四： <script language="javascript" >
function SubmitKeyClick()
{
if (event.keyCode == )
{
event.cancelBubble = true;
event.returnValue = false;
document.all.FunName.value="你要调用的函数名"；
document.form[].submit();
}
}
</script >

<INPUT onkeypress="SubmitKeyClick()" id="aaa" type="text" >
<input type="hidden" name="FunName" > 〈！--用来存储你要调用的函数 --〉

在.CS里有：
public Page_OnLoad()
{
if (!Page.IsPost())
{
string strFunName=Request.Form["FunName"]!=null?Request.Form["FunName"]:"";
//根据传回来的值决定调用哪个函数
switch(strFunName)
{
case "enter()":
enter() ; //调用该函数
break;
case "其他":
//调用其他函数
break;
default:
//调用默认函数
break;
}
}
}

public void enter()
{
//……比如计算某值
}

问题2.如何在JavaScript访问C#变量?
答案如下：
方法一：、通过页面上隐藏域访问 <input id="xx" type="hidden" runat="server" >
方法二：、如后台定义了PUBLIC STRING N;前台js中引用该变量的格式为 ' <%=n% > '或"+ <%=n% >+"
方法三：、或者你可以在服务器端变量赋值后在页面注册一段脚本
" <script language= 'javascript ' >var temp=" + tmp + " </script >"
tmp是后台变量，然后js中可以直接访问temp获得值。

.如何在C#中访问JavaScript的已有变量?

答案如下：

方法一：、前台使用静态文本控件隐藏域，将js变量值写入其中；
、后台用request["id"]来获取值；

方法二：可以用cookie或session

.如何在C#中访问JavaScript函数?
答案如下：
c#代码中执行javaScript函数：
方法一：、Page.RegisterStartupScript("ggg"," <script >SetVisible(1); </script >");
方法二：使用Literal类，然后
private void Button2_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
string str;
str=" <script language= 'javascript ' >";
str+="selectRange()";
str+=" </script >";
//Literal1.Visible=true;
Literal1.Text=str;
}

4、Form之间交互

　　1）通过属性（字段）、函数、事件等

//Form1内的代码如下：

//声明并实例化F2
        Form2 form2 = new Form2();
        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //添加本窗体的Size属性更变事件
            this.SizeChanged += new EventHandler(Form1_SizeChanged);
            //F2顶端显示
            form2.TopMost = true;
            //添加F2的滑动条的移动事件
            form2.trackBar1.Scroll += new EventHandler(trackBar1_Scroll);
            form2.Show();
            //固定F2的坐标
            form2.Location = this.Location;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Size属性更变事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        void Form1_SizeChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            form2.Size = this.Size;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 滑动条的移动事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        void trackBar1_Scroll(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //设置透明度
            this.Opacity = (double)form2.trackBar1.Value / 100.0;
        }

　2）