C#Modbus Rtu的实现

Modbus Rtu的实现与Modbus Tcp的实现类似 C#ModBus Tcp的学习及Master的实现

我们还是需要借用一个开源库NModbus4,在vs中.打开NuGet管理器.安装NModbus4

具体实现,具体实现与之前的Modbus Tcp的实现类似 ,只是在实例化master时将TCPClient换为串行端口资源SerialPort,并在实例化是设置好端口所需参数(端口名,波特率,校验位,停止位,数据位)

 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.ComponentModel;
 using System.Data;
 using System.Drawing;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using System.Windows.Forms;
 using Modbus.Device;
 using System.Net.Sockets;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.IO.Ports;

 namespace ModbusRtu
 {
     public partial class Form1 : Form
     {
         private static IModbusMaster master;
         private static SerialPort port;
         //写线圈或写寄存器数组
         private bool[] coilsBuffer;
         private ushort[] registerBuffer;
         //功能码
         private string functionCode;
         //参数(分别为站号,起始地址,长度)
         private byte slaveAddress;
         private ushort startAddress;
         private ushort numberOfPoints;
         //串口参数
         private string portName;
         private int baudRate;
         private Parity parity;
         private int dataBits;
         private StopBits stopBits;

         public Form1()
         {
             InitializeComponent();
         }
         private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
         {
             cmb_portname.SelectedIndex = ;
             cmb_baud.SelectedIndex = ;
             cmb_parity.SelectedIndex = ;
             cmb_databBits.SelectedIndex = ;
             cmb_stopBits.SelectedIndex = ;
         }
         private SerialPort InitSerialPortParameter()
         {
             if (cmb_portname.SelectedIndex <  || cmb_baud.SelectedIndex <  || cmb_parity.SelectedIndex <  || cmb_databBits.SelectedIndex <  || cmb_stopBits.SelectedIndex < )
             {
                 MessageBox.Show("请选择串口参数");
                 return null;
             }
             else
             {

                 portName = cmb_portname.SelectedItem.ToString();
                 baudRate = int.Parse(cmb_baud.SelectedItem.ToString());
                 switch (cmb_parity.SelectedItem.ToString())
                 {
                     case "奇":
                         parity = Parity.Odd;
                         break;
                     case "偶":
                         parity = Parity.Even;
                         break;
                     case "无":
                         parity = Parity.None;
                         break;
                     default:
                         break;
                 }
                 dataBits = int.Parse(cmb_databBits.SelectedItem.ToString());
                 switch (cmb_stopBits.SelectedItem.ToString())
                 {
                     case "":
                         stopBits = StopBits.One;
                         break;
                     case "":
                         stopBits = StopBits.Two;
                         break;
                     default:
                         break;
                 }
                 port = new SerialPort(portName, baudRate, parity, dataBits, stopBits);
                 return port;
             }
         }
         /// <summary>
         /// 读/写
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="sender"></param>
         /// <param name="e"></param>
         private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
         {
             try
             {
                 //初始化串口参数
                 InitSerialPortParameter();

                 master = ModbusSerialMaster.CreateRtu(port);

                 ExecuteFunction();
             }
             catch (Exception)
             {
                 MessageBox.Show("初始化异常");
             }
         }

         private async void ExecuteFunction()
         {
             try
             {
                 //每次操作是要开启串口 操作完成后需要关闭串口
                 //目的是为了slave更换连接是不报错
                 if (port.IsOpen == false)
                 {
                     port.Open();
                 }
                 if (functionCode != null)
                 {
                     switch (functionCode)
                     {
                         case "01 Read Coils"://读取单个线圈
                             SetReadParameters();
                             coilsBuffer = master.ReadCoils(slaveAddress, startAddress, numberOfPoints);

                             for (int i = ; i < coilsBuffer.Length; i++)
                             {
                                 SetMsg(coilsBuffer[i] + " ");
                             }
                             SetMsg("\r\n");
                             break;
                         case "02 Read DisCrete Inputs"://读取输入线圈/离散量线圈
                             SetReadParameters();

                             coilsBuffer = master.ReadInputs(slaveAddress, startAddress, numberOfPoints);
                             for (int i = ; i < coilsBuffer.Length; i++)
                             {
                                 SetMsg(coilsBuffer[i] + " ");
                             }
                             SetMsg("\r\n");
                             break;
                         case "03 Read Holding Registers"://读取保持寄存器
                             SetReadParameters();
                             registerBuffer = master.ReadHoldingRegisters(slaveAddress, startAddress, numberOfPoints);
                             for (int i = ; i < registerBuffer.Length; i++)
                             {
                                 SetMsg(registerBuffer[i] + " ");
                             }
                             SetMsg("\r\n");
                             break;
                         case "04 Read Input Registers"://读取输入寄存器
                             SetReadParameters();
                             registerBuffer = master.ReadInputRegisters(slaveAddress, startAddress, numberOfPoints);
                             for (int i = ; i < registerBuffer.Length; i++)
                             {
                                 SetMsg(registerBuffer[i] + " ");
                             }
                             SetMsg("\r\n");
                             break;
                         case "05 Write Single Coil"://写单个线圈
                             SetWriteParametes();
                             await master.WriteSingleCoilAsync(slaveAddress, startAddress, coilsBuffer[]);
                             break;
                         case "06 Write Single Registers"://写单个输入线圈/离散量线圈
                             SetWriteParametes();
                             await master.WriteSingleRegisterAsync(slaveAddress, startAddress, registerBuffer[]);
                             break;
                         case "0F Write Multiple Coils"://写一组线圈
                             SetWriteParametes();
                             await master.WriteMultipleCoilsAsync(slaveAddress, startAddress, coilsBuffer);
                             break;
                         case "10 Write Multiple Registers"://写一组保持寄存器
                             SetWriteParametes();
                             await master.WriteMultipleRegistersAsync(slaveAddress, startAddress, registerBuffer);
                             break;
                         default:
                             break;
                     }

                 }
                 else
                 {
                     MessageBox.Show("请选择功能码!");
                 }
                 port.Close();
             }
             catch (Exception ex)
             {

                 MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
             }
         }
         private void comboBox1_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
         {
             if (comboBox1.SelectedIndex >= )
             {
                 groupBox2.Enabled = true;
                 groupBox1.Enabled = false;
             }
             else
             {
                 groupBox1.Enabled = true;
                 groupBox2.Enabled = false;
             }
             comboBox1.Invoke(new Action(() => { functionCode = comboBox1.SelectedItem.ToString(); }));
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 初始化读参数
         /// </summary>
         private void SetReadParameters()
         {
             if (txt_startAddr1.Text == "" || txt_slave1.Text == "" || txt_length.Text == "")
             {
                 MessageBox.Show("请填写读参数!");
             }
             else
             {
                 slaveAddress = byte.Parse(txt_slave1.Text);
                 startAddress = ushort.Parse(txt_startAddr1.Text);
                 numberOfPoints = ushort.Parse(txt_length.Text);
             }
         }
         /// <summary>
         /// 初始化写参数
         /// </summary>
         private void SetWriteParametes()
         {
             if (txt_startAddr2.Text == "" || txt_slave2.Text == "" || txt_data.Text == "")
             {
                 MessageBox.Show("请填写写参数!");
             }
             else
             {
                 slaveAddress = byte.Parse(txt_slave2.Text);
                 startAddress = ushort.Parse(txt_startAddr2.Text);
                 //判断是否写线圈
                 if (comboBox1.SelectedIndex ==  || comboBox1.SelectedIndex == )
                 {
                     string[] strarr = txt_data.Text.Split(' ');
                     coilsBuffer = new bool[strarr.Length];
                     //转化为bool数组
                     for (int i = ; i < strarr.Length; i++)
                     {
                         // strarr[i] == "0" ? coilsBuffer[i] = true : coilsBuffer[i] = false;
                         if (strarr[i] == "")
                         {
                             coilsBuffer[i] = false;
                         }
                         else
                         {
                             coilsBuffer[i] = true;
                         }
                     }
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     //转化ushort数组
                     string[] strarr = txt_data.Text.Split(' ');
                     registerBuffer = new ushort[strarr.Length];
                     for (int i = ; i < strarr.Length; i++)
                     {
                         registerBuffer[i] = ushort.Parse(strarr[i]);
                     }
                 }
             }
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 清除文本
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="sender"></param>
         /// <param name="e"></param>
         private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
         {
             richTextBox1.Clear();
         }
         /// <summary>
         /// SetMessage
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="msg"></param>
         public void SetMsg(string msg)
         {
             richTextBox1.Invoke(new Action(() => { richTextBox1.AppendText(msg); }));
         }

     }
 }

接下来开始测试

在这里 因为要用到串口,而我的笔记本没有串口,所以需要借助一个工具

Virtual Serial Port Dirver 虚拟串口工具

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1opGre3GS-HWFoA_dP9qYYg

提取码：2afu

借用这个工具我们添加两个虚拟串口 COM1和COM2 点击Add Virtual Pair 添加

设置Modbus Slave,选择连接方式为串口,选择对应端口,模式选择RTU,建立连接

接下来运行我们自己的Modbus RTU Master

设置串口参数(波特率,数据位,奇偶校验,停止位)要与Slave的串口参数一致

我们测试 功能码 0x01 读一组线圈

测试完成,数据正常,其他的功能码经测试数据正常,有兴趣的可以自行测试

到此为止,Modbus的学习到此告一段落

以上都为我自行学习并实现,如有错误之处,望大家不吝赐教,感谢(抱拳~)

程序源代码:

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1mPAhRixLbsDb7h2ePENTRA
提取码：b5w6