用ORACHK自己主动化检查数据库系统的健壮性

1、orachk工具主要用途

（1）主动检查您的整个软件在操作系统、CRS、数据库、高可用等层面中的严重问题，以便于IT部门整改，提升系统的稳定性

（2）对于您系统中存在的风险提供简单化和合理化的诊断和分析建议。

（3）对系统中存在的健康风险提供汇总信息，而且可以向下钻取到特定的问题和相应的解决方式

（4）对检查结果进行量化评分（100分制），内容很的全面，通过得分直观推断健康程度

2、执行注意要点

（1）orachk不支持在root用户下执行，须要在oracle或grid用户下执行

（2）假设检查RAC环境的健康，须要输入其他节点的rootpassword，假设各节点rootpassword同样，则仅仅需输入一次就可以

3、检查输出信息分级

序号	分级	意义
1	FAIL	严重的不合格的问题
2	WARNING	警告问题
3	ERROR	错误问题
4	INFO	參考信息

4、orachk下载

metalink文章 1268927.2 中提供下载，当前最新版本号为ORA CHK2.2.5，不分平台，在linux、AIX等平台通用

5、orachk安装

5.1 创建一个orachk专用文件夹

创建一个orachk解压出来的众多文件，以及执行orachk产生的分析报告材料

[root@INFA oracle]# mkdir -p /home/oracle/orachk

5.2、安装orachk

安装orachk非常easy，仅仅须要将orachk-2.2.5.zip解压缩出来就可以

[root@INFA oracle]# cp orachk-2.2.5.zip /home/oracle/orachk/

[root@INFA oracle]# cd /home/oracle/orachk

[root@INFA orachk]# unzip orachk-2.2.5.zip

5.3、配置orachk文件夹权限

[root@INFA orachk]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/orachk

[root@INFA orachk]# chmod -R 777 /home/oracle/orachk

6、单实例环境执行orachk开展健康检查实例

（1）启动orachk检查：

[oracle@INFA orachk]$ ./orachk

List of running databases

1. infadb

2. None of above

Select databases from list for checking best practices. For multiple databases, select 1 for All or comma separated number like 1,2 etc [1-2][1].

（2）输出过程记录（部分内容）：

Checking Status of Oracle Software Stack - Clusterware, ASM, RDBMS

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Stack Status

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Host Name  CRS Installed  ASM HOME       RDBMS Installed  CRS UP    ASM UP    RDBMS UP  DB Instance Name

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

infa        No              No              Yes             No         No       Yes      infadb

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Copying plug-ins

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

*** Checking Best Practice Recommendations (PASS/WARNING/FAIL) ***

Collections and audit checks log file is

/home/oracle/orachk/orachk_infa_infadb_080214_023723/log/orachk.log

Checking for prompts in /home/oracle/.bash_profile on infa for oracle user...

=============================================================

Node name - infa

=============================================================

Collecting - Active sessions load balance for infadb database

Collecting - Archived Destination Status for infadb database

......

Collecting - Memory Information

Collecting - OS Packages

Collecting - Operating system release information and kernel version

Collecting - Patches for RDBMS Home

Collecting - number of semaphore operations per semop system call

Data collections completed. Checking best practices on infa.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

INFO =>    user_dump_dest has trace files older than 30 days for infadb

INFO =>    At some times checkpoints are not being completed for infadb

WARNING => One or more redo log groups are NOT multiplexed for infadb

WARNING => Shell limit soft nproc for DB is NOT configured according to recommendation

 ......

INFO =>    Consider investigating changes to the schema objects such as DDLs or new object creation for infadb

INFO =>    Information about 11.2.0.3 support

Best Practice checking completed.Checking recommended patches on infa.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Collecting patch inventory on ORACLE_HOME /dba/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1 Recommended RDBMS patches for 112030 from /dba/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 on infa

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Patch#   RDBMS    ASM     type                Patch-Description

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

18031683  no             merge               DATABASE PATCH SET UPDATE 11.2.0.3.10 (INCLUDES CPUAPR2014)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

RDBMS homes patches summary report

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total patches  Applied on RDBMS Applied on ASM ORACLE_HOME

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1              0              0                /dba/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Detailed report (html) - /home/oracle/orachk/orachk_infa_infadb_080214_023723/orachk_infa_infadb_080214_023723.html

UPLOAD(if required) - /home/oracle/orachk/orachk_infa_infadb_080214_023723.zip

具体输出结果已经打包成zip文件

7、RAC环境执行orachk开展健康检查

方法与单实例全然一样，不同的一点在于，须要在执行节点，输入远端节点的root密

8、输出结果演示样例（摘取部分内容）

（1）头部概述信息

Oracle RAC Assessment Report



System Health Score is 85 out of 100 (detail)

Cluster Summary

Cluster Name	XXdb-cluster
OS/Kernel Version	AIX6 (64-BIT) 61 1
CRS Home - Version	/u01/app/11.2.0.3/grid - 11.2.0.3.0
DB Home - Version - Names	/u01/app/oracle/11.2.0.3/db - 11.2.0.3.0 -
Number of nodes	2
Database Servers
orachk Version	2.2.5_20140530
Collection	orachk_XXdb1_ebizsj_072514_164205.zip
Duration	33 mins, 54 seconds
Collection Date	25-Jul-2014 16:49:00

Note! This version of orachk is considered valid for 64 days from today or until a new version is available

（2）database server检查输出部分

Database Server

Status	Type	Message	Status On	Details
FAIL	Database Check	There should be no duplicate parameter entries in the database init.ora(spfile) file	XXdb1:ebiz	View
FAIL	SQL Check	Table AUD$[FGA_LOG$] should use Automatic Segment Space Management for ebizsj	All Databases	View
FAIL	SQL Check	Some bigfile tablespaces do not have non-default maxbytes values set	ebiz	View
......	......	.......	......	......
WARNING	SQL Check	Consider increasing the value of the session_cached_cursors database parameter	ebiz	View
WARNING	OS Check	maximum number of processes user limit (ulimit -u) for current user is NOT set to recommended value 16384 or greater	All Database Servers	View
......	......	......	......	......

（3）GRIDAND RDBMS Patch部分

GRID and RDBMS patch recommendation Detailed report

Detailed report for "XXdb1"

---

1 Recommended CRS patches for112030 from /u01/app/11.2.0.3/grid

Patch#	CRS	ASM	RDBMS	RDBMS_HOME	Patch-Description
18139678	not-applied	n/a	not-applied	merge	GRID INFRASTRUCTURE PATCH SET UPDATE 11.2.0.3.10 (INCLUDES DB PSU 11.2.0.3.10)

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1 Recommended RDBMS patchesfor 112030 from /u01/app/oracle/11.2.0.3/db

Patch#	RDBMS	ASM	Type	Patch-Description
18139678	not-applied	n/a	merge	GRID INFRASTRUCTURE PATCH SET UPDATE 11.2.0.3.10 (INCLUDES DB PSU 11.2.0.3.10)

......

本文作者：黎俊杰（网名：踩点），从事”系统架构、操作系统、存储设备、数据库、中间件、应用程序“六个层面系统性的性能优化工作

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