CentOS 中安装 mysql 5.7+

参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/jimboi/p/6405560.html

1.下载rpm文件

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el6-9.noarch.rpm

[root@hadoop110 /]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el6-9.noarch.rpm--2019-01-02 18:11:58--  https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el6-9.noarch.rpm
正在解析主机 dev.mysql.com... 137.254.60.11
正在连接 dev.mysql.com|137.254.60.11|:... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应...  Found
位置：https://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el6-9.noarch.rpm [跟随至新的 URL]
---- ::--  https://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el6-9.noarch.rpm
正在解析主机 repo.mysql.com... 23.76.232.185
正在连接 repo.mysql.com|23.76.232.185|:... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应...  OK
长度： (.0K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
正在保存至: “mysql57-community-release-el6-.noarch.rpm”

%[===================================================>] ,       --.-K/s   in 0s      

-- :: (52.9 MB/s) - 已保存 “mysql57-community-release-el6-.noarch.rpm” [/])

2.安装rpm包

rpm -Uvh mysql57-community-release-el6-9.noarch.rpm 

[root@hadoop110 /]# rpm -Uvh mysql57-community-release-el6-.noarch.rpm
warning: mysql57-community-release-el6-.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [%]
   :mysql57-community-relea########################################### [%]

安装成功后，会在/etc/yum.repos.d/下面多几个mysql的包

[root@hadoop110 /]#  cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@hadoop110 yum.repos.d]# ll
总用量
-rw-r--r--.  root root  5月    CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r--.  root root   5月    CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r--.  root root   5月    CentOS-fasttrack.repo
-rw-r--r--.  root root   5月    CentOS-Media.repo
-rw-r--r--.  root root  5月    CentOS-Vault.repo
-rw-r--r--.  root root   11月    epel.repo
-rw-r--r--.  root root  11月    epel-testing.repo
-rw-r--r--.  root root  9月    mysql-community.repo
-rw-r--r--.  root root  9月    mysql-community-source.repo

3.安装mysql (此过程需要时间)

yum install mysql-community-server

[root@hadoop110 /]# yum install mysql-community-server
已加载插件：fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
设置安装进程
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
epel/metalink                                                         | 7.5 kB     :
 * base: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
 * epel: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
base                                                                  | 3.7 kB     :
epel                                                                  | 3.2 kB     :
epel/primary                                                          | 3.2 MB     :
epel                                                                             /
extras                                                                | 3.4 kB     :
mysql-connectors-community                                            | 2.5 kB     :
mysql-connectors-community/primary_db                                 |   kB     :
mysql-tools-community                                                 | 2.5 kB     :
mysql-tools-community/primary_db                                      |   kB     :
mysql57-community                                                     | 2.5 kB     :
mysql57-community/primary_db                                          |  kB     :
updates                                                               | 3.4 kB     :
解决依赖关系
--> 执行事务检查
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 :5.7.-.el6 will be 安装
--> 处理依赖关系 mysql-community-common(x86-) = 5.7.-.el6，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-5.7.-.el6.x86_64 需要
--> 处理依赖关系 mysql-community-client(x86-) >= 5.7.，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-5.7.-.el6.x86_64 需要
--> 执行事务检查
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 :5.7.-.el6 will be 安装
--> 处理依赖关系 mysql-community-libs(x86-) >= 5.7.，它被软件包 mysql-community-client-5.7.-.el6.x86_64 需要
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 :5.7.-.el6 will be 安装
--> 执行事务检查
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 :5.7.-.el6 will be obsoleting
---> Package mysql-libs.x86_64 :5.1.-.el6 will be 取代
--> 处理依赖关系 libmysqlclient.so.()(64bit)，它被软件包 :postfix-2.6.-.el6_7..x86_64 需要
--> 处理依赖关系 libmysqlclient.so.(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit)，它被软件包 :postfix-2.6.-.el6_7..x86_64 需要
--> 执行事务检查
---> Package mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 :5.7.-.el6 will be obsoleting
---> Package postfix.x86_64 :2.6.-.el6_7. will be 升级
---> Package postfix.x86_64 :2.6.-.el6 will be an update
--> 完成依赖关系计算

依赖关系解决

=============================================================================================
 软件包                          架构       版本                 仓库                   大小
=============================================================================================
正在安装:
 mysql-community-libs            x86_64     5.7.-.el6         mysql57-community     2.1 M
     replacing  mysql-libs.x86_64 5.1.-.el6
 mysql-community-libs-compat     x86_64     5.7.-.el6         mysql57-community     1.6 M
     replacing  mysql-libs.x86_64 5.1.-.el6
 mysql-community-server          x86_64     5.7.-.el6         mysql57-community      M
为依赖而安装:
 mysql-community-client          x86_64     5.7.-.el6         mysql57-community       M
 mysql-community-common          x86_64     5.7.-.el6         mysql57-community      k
为依赖而更新:
 postfix                         x86_64     :2.6.-.el6        base                  2.0 M

事务概要
=============================================================================================
Install        Package(s)
Upgrade        Package(s)

总下载量： M
确定吗？[y/N]：y
下载软件包：
(/): mysql-community-client-5.7.-.el6.x86_64.rpm                 |   MB     :
(/): mysql-community-common-5.7.-.el6.x86_64.rpm                 |  kB     :
(/): mysql-community-libs-5.7.-.el6.x86_64.rpm                   | 2.1 MB     :
(/): mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.-.el6.x86_64.rpm            | 1.6 MB     :
(/): mysql-community-server-5.7.-.el6.x86_64.rpm                 |  MB     :
(/): postfix-2.6.-.el6.x86_64.rpm                                 | 2.0 MB     :
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计                                                          kB/s |  MB     :
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5:
 Userid : MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>
 Package: mysql57-community-release-el6-.noarch (installed)
 From   : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
确定吗？[y/N]：y
运行 rpm_check_debug
执行事务测试
事务测试成功
执行事务
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
  正在安装   : mysql-community-common-5.7.-.el6.x86_64                                /
  正在安装   : mysql-community-libs-5.7.-.el6.x86_64                                  /
  正在安装   : mysql-community-client-5.7.-.el6.x86_64                                /
  正在安装   : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.-.el6.x86_64                           /
  正在升级   : :postfix-2.6.-.el6.x86_64                                              /
  正在安装   : mysql-community-server-5.7.-.el6.x86_64                                /
  清理       : :postfix-2.6.-.el6_7..x86_64                                          /
  正在删除   : mysql-libs-5.1.-.el6.x86_64                                            /
  Verifying  : :postfix-2.6.-.el6.x86_64                                              /
  Verifying  : mysql-community-common-5.7.-.el6.x86_64                                /
  Verifying  : mysql-community-server-5.7.-.el6.x86_64                                /
  Verifying  : mysql-community-client-5.7.-.el6.x86_64                                /
  Verifying  : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.-.el6.x86_64                           /
  Verifying  : mysql-community-libs-5.7.-.el6.x86_64                                  /
  Verifying  : mysql-libs-5.1.-.el6.x86_64                                            /
  Verifying  : :postfix-2.6.-.el6_7..x86_64                                          / 

已安装:
  mysql-community-libs.x86_64 :5.7.-.el6
  mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 :5.7.-.el6
  mysql-community-server.x86_64 :5.7.-.el6                                               

作为依赖被安装:
  mysql-community-client.x86_64 :5.7.-.el6  mysql-community-common.x86_64 :5.7.-.el6 

作为依赖被升级:
  postfix.x86_64 :2.6.-.el6                                                               

替代:
  mysql-libs.x86_64 :5.1.-.el6                                                           

完毕！

4.开启mysql服务

[root@hadoop110 /]# service mysqld start
初始化 MySQL 数据库：                                      [失败]
[root@hadoop110 /]# service mysqld start
正在启动 mysqld：                                          [确定] //正常启动

5.mysql安装完成会创建临时默认的超级用户，密码存储在/var/log/mysqld.log，命令查看密码：

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

[root@hadoop110 /]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
--02T10::.765238Z  [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ??dyl3Uduj       (密码)

6.使用默认用户'root'@'localhost'登录数据库并且修改密码：

[root@hadoop110 /]#  mysql -u root -p 

[root@hadoop110 /]#  mysql -u root -p
Enter password: （上面的密码）
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is
Server version: 5.7.

Copyright (c) , , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

修改密码：

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '';
Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)

注意：如果出现错误提示：

ERROR  (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

这个是因为密码过于简单，密码必须符合长度，包含数字、大写小写字母、特殊字符。

7.开启远程连接
 　　   1）.设置防火墙iptables开放3306接口
　　　　　　在/etc/sysconfig下面有个iptables文件，在倒数第二行添加端口就可以

在控制台输入：
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport  -j ACCEPT

[root@hadoop110 /]# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

　　   2）.然后进行保存：

[root@hadoop110 /]# service iptables save
iptables：将防火墙规则保存到 /etc/sysconfig/iptables：     [确定]

　　更新防火墙规则：service iptables restart
　　删除：iptables -D INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

8.修改mysql权限，将localhost修改为%
  1).登录mysql

 mysql -u root -p 

2).登录到 mysql 这个表

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

3)..将root的host修改为%

mysql> update user set host = '%' where user ='root';
Query OK,  row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched:   Changed:   Warnings: 

4).重新加载权限

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)

5).输入：

mysql> select host,user from user where user='root';
+------+------+
| host | user |
+------+------+
| %    | root |
+------+------+
 row in set (0.00 sec)

9.Navicat 远程连接