数据库-mysql01 简单介绍以及安装部署

本次mysql数据库安装采用二进制安装(免安装即绿色版)，数据库版本是mysql5.7.26

　首先下载mysql安装包，然后上传服务器里，最后解压。

　　卸载centos7自带的数据库软件包：

　　　　[root@localhost mysql]# yum remove mariadb

　开始安装mysql:

　　[root@localhost tools]# ll
　　total 629756
　　-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 644869837 Dec 11 15:35 mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

　　[root@localhost tools]# tar xf mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

　　[root@localhost tools]# mv mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /application/mysql

　　[root@localhost ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql

　　　　把如下内容太添加到/etc/profile末尾行，然后执行命令使生效：

　　　　　　export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH

　　　　　　[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile

　　　　查看是否生效，使用命令查看Mysql版本：　　　

　　　　　　[root@localhost ~]# mysql -V
　　　　　　mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.26, for linux-glibc2.12 (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper

　　　　授权：

　　　　[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /application/*
　　　　[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data

　　　　初始化数据方式一：密码设置比较复杂

　　　　　　创建mysql数据目录：

　　　　　　　　[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /data/mysql/data -p

　　　　　　　　[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data　

　　　　　　注意：mysql错误日志默认在数据目录里，默认是主机名.err！！！

[root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data

2019-12-12T02:09:08.794620Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2019-12-12T02:09:12.036238Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2019-12-12T02:09:12.283068Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2019-12-12T02:09:12.346261Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 63c6e908-1c84-11ea-9a0c-000c29002b3d.
2019-12-12T02:09:12.693297Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2019-12-12T02:09:12.697614Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: #vVZul3CIt_f

　　　　初始化数据方式二：密码设置简便　　　　　　

[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /data/mysql/data/*
[root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data
2019-12-12T03:04:10.776764Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2019-12-12T03:04:12.401550Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2019-12-12T03:04:12.571184Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2019-12-12T03:04:12.637140Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 12e75191-1c8c-11ea-a008-000c29002b3d.
2019-12-12T03:04:12.640047Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2019-12-12T03:04:12.643946Z 1 [Warning] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option.

　　　配置mysql配置文件：　

[root@localhost data]# cp /etc/my.cnf /tmp/my.cnf20191212bak

[root@localhost data]# >/etc/my.cnf　　　

[root@localhost data]# cat >> /etc/my.cnf<< EOF
 [mysqld]
 user=mysql
 basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql/data
 socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
 server_id=6
 port=3306
 [mysql]
 socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
> EOF

　　　启动mysql数据库：centos7启动mysql数据库有两种方式

　　　　　　方式1：　　　　　　

[root@localhost ~]# cp /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld status
ERROR! MySQL is not running
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
. SUCCESS!

　　　　　　方式2：编辑如下配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# more /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/application/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf

　　启动mysql:

　　[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld.service

　　[root@localhost ~]# netstat -lnp |grep 3306
　　tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 25994/mysqld

如何修改mysql 管理员（root）用户密码：

　　[root@localhost ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p password xxxxxxxxxx

　　然后直接回车就OK了！