基于Centos搭建Django 环境搭建

CentOS 7.2 64 位操作系统

安装 Django

先安装 PIP，再通过 PIP 安装 Django

安装 PIP

cd /data;
mkdir tmp;
cd tmp;
wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py;
python ./get-pip.py;

使用 PIP，安装 Django

pip install Django==1.11.

安装 Mysql

安装并启动 mariadb

因为 CentOS 7 之后的版本都不在提供 Mysql 安装源，这里我们使用 mariadb 代替 mysql，依次执行下列命令

yum install mariadb mariadb-server -y
yum install MySQL-python -y
systemctl start mariadb

对 mariadb 进行初始化设置

执行下面命令，根据提示操作
设置新密码为 test
默认密码为空，直接回车即可

mysql_secure_installation

使用设置的密码登陆 mariadb

登陆 db，这里假设密码被设置为 root

mysql -uroot -ptest

创建一个数据库

create database mysite;

成功后，输入 exit 命令退出 db

exit

创建 Django 项目

创建 mysite 项目

在 /data/ 目录下，创建一个名为 mysite 的 Django 项目

cd /data/
django-admin startproject mysite

修改配置文件，与 Mysql 数据库相关联(SECRET_KEY 配置项无需修改)

示例代码：/data/mysite/mysite/settings.py

 """
 Django settings for mysite project.

 Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.11.7.

 For more information on this file, see
 https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/settings/

 For the full list of settings and their values, see
 https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/
 """

 import os

 # Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
 BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

 # Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
 # See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/

 # SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
 SECRET_KEY = 'm4@g1=hz^08y(9d)v5l!8^*0wbla=oe15s@u8@5^pw=llfz48%'

 # SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
 DEBUG = True

 ALLOWED_HOSTS = ["*"]

 # Application definition

 INSTALLED_APPS = [
     'django.contrib.admin',
     'django.contrib.auth',
     'django.contrib.contenttypes',
     'django.contrib.sessions',
     'django.contrib.messages',
     'django.contrib.staticfiles',
 ]

 MIDDLEWARE = [
     'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
     'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
     'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
     'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
     'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
     'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
     'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
 ]

 ROOT_URLCONF = 'mysite.urls'

 TEMPLATES = [
     {
         'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
         'DIRS': [],
         'APP_DIRS': True,
         'OPTIONS': {
             'context_processors': [
                 'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                 'django.template.context_processors.request',
                 'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                 'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
             ],
         },
     },
 ]

 WSGI_APPLICATION = 'mysite.wsgi.application'

 # Database
 # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases

 DATABASES = {
     'default': {
         'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
         'NAME': 'mysite',
         'PASSWORD':'test',
         'USER': 'root',
         'HOST':'127.0.0.1',
         'PORT':'',
     }
 }

 # Password validation
 # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

 AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
     {
         'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
     },
     {
         'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
     },
     {
         'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
     },
     {
         'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
     },
 ]

 # Internationalization
 # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/

 LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

 TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

 USE_I18N = True

 USE_L10N = True

 USE_TZ = True

 # Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
 # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/

 STATIC_URL = '/static/'

创建 Django 数据库

cd /data/mysite
python manage.py migrate

启动 Django

python manage.py runserver

如果没有报错，就说明 Django 已经安装成功了，并且跟 Mysql 的连接正常

按 ctrl+c 退出 Django 服务

安装 Nginx

通过 yum 安装 Nginx

yum install nginx -y

启动 Nginx 服务

systemctl start nginx

访问下面的链接，可以看到 nginx 的欢迎界面 http://118.89.65.22/

安装 uwsgi

使用 yum 命令安装 uwsgi

yum install uwsgi uwsgi-plugin-python -y

让 Nginx，uwsgi，Django 协同工作

修改 Nginx 配置文件

示例代码：/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

 # For more information on configuration, see:
 #   * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
 #   * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

 user nginx;
 worker_processes auto;
 error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
 pid /run/nginx.pid;

 # Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/nginx/README.dynamic.
 include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

 events {
     worker_connections 1024;
 }

 http {
     log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                       '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                       '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

     access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

     sendfile            on;
     tcp_nopush          on;
     tcp_nodelay         on;
     keepalive_timeout   65;
     types_hash_max_size 2048;

     include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;
     default_type        application/octet-stream;

     # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
     # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
     # for more information.
     include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

     server {
         listen       80 default_server;
         listen       [::]:80 default_server;
         server_name  _;
         root         /usr/share/nginx/html;

         # Load configuration files for the default server block.
         include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

         location / {
             include uwsgi_params;
             uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8000;
         }

         error_page 404 /404.html;
             location = /40x.html {
         }

         error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
             location = /50x.html {
         }
     }

 # Settings for a TLS enabled server.
 #
 #    server {
 #        listen       443 ssl http2 default_server;
 #        listen       [::]:443 ssl http2 default_server;
 #        server_name  _;
 #        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;
 #
 #        ssl_certificate "/etc/pki/nginx/server.crt";
 #        ssl_certificate_key "/etc/pki/nginx/private/server.key";
 #        ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
 #        ssl_session_timeout  10m;
 #        ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
 #        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
 #
 #        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
 #        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
 #
 #        location / {
 #        }
 #
 #        error_page 404 /404.html;
 #            location = /40x.html {
 #        }
 #
 #        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
 #            location = /50x.html {
 #        }
 #    }
 }

重启 Nginx

/usr/sbin/nginx -s reload

创建 uwsgi 配置文件

请在 /data/mysite 目录下创建 uwsgi.ini，参考下面的内容。

示例代码：/data/mysite/uwsgi.ini

[uwsgi]
socket = 127.0.0.1:
chdir = /data/mysite
wsgi-file = mysite/wsgi.py
processes =
threads =
stats = 127.0.0.1:
uid = nobody
gid = nobody
master = true
harakiri =
daemonize = /data/mysite/uwsgi.log
plugins = python

启动 uwsgi

uwsgi uwsgi.ini

测试

访问链接 http://118.89.65.22/ 
如果可以看到 Django 的界面，恭喜你，环境搭建成功