day86

视图组件

　　基于以往我们所用的视图函数，我们发现其中冗余的代码比较多，今天就来对其进行封装，争取做一个代码洁癖者

　　原来我们的视图函数：

class Book(APIView):
    def get(self, request):
        book = models.Books.objects.all()
        book_ser = Ser.Books(book, many=True)
        return JsonResponse(book_ser.data, safe=False)

    def post(self, request):
        new_book = Ser.Books(data=request.data)
        if new_book.is_valid():
            new_book.save()
            return JsonResponse(new_book.data)
        else:
            return JsonResponse(new_book.errors)

class BookDetail(APIView):
    def get(self, request, pk):
        book = models.Books.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        book_ser = Ser.Books(book, many=False)
        return JsonResponse(book_ser.data, safe=False)

    def put(self, request,pk):
        book = models.Books.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        new_book = Ser.Books(data=request.data,instance=book)
        if new_book.is_valid():
            new_book.save()
            return JsonResponse(new_book.data)
        else:
            return JsonResponse(new_book.errors)

手动一层封装：

　　创建了List和Create辅助类，节省了代码

class List:
    def list(self, request):
        queryset = self.query
        info = self.serializers(queryset, many=True)
        return JsonResponse(info.data, safe=False)

class Create:
    def create(self, request):
        new = self.serializers(data=request.data)
        if new.is_valid():
            new.save()
            return JsonResponse(new.data, safe=False)
        else:
            return JsonResponse(new.errors)

class Book(APIView, List, Create):
    query = models.Books.objects.all()
    serializers = Ser.Books

    def get(self, request):
        return self.list(request)

    def post(self, request):
        return self.create(request)

class Publish(APIView,List,Create):
    query = models.Publish.objects.all()
    serializers = Ser.Publish

    def get(self, request):
        return self.list(request)

    def post(self, request):
        return self.create(request)

使用drf自带的二层封装：

　　说明：

'''
CreateModelMixin: 增加
DestroyModelMixin：删
UpdateModelMixin：改
ListModelMixin：查全部
RetrieveModelMixin：查一条
'''

from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView
from rest_framework.mixins import ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, \
    RetrieveModelMixin

class Book(GenericAPIView, ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin):
    queryset = models.Books.objects.all()
    serializer_class = Ser.Books

    def get(self, request):
        return self.list(request)

    def post(self, request):
        return self.create(request)

class Publish(GenericAPIView, ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin):
    queryset = models.Publish.objects.all()
    serializer_class = Ser.Publish

    def get(self, request):
        return self.list(request)

    def post(self, request):
        return self.create(request)

class BookDetail(GenericAPIView, RetrieveModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin):
    queryset = models.Books.objects.all()
    serializer_class = Ser.Books

    def get(self, request, pk):
        return self.retrieve(request, pk)

    def put(self, request, pk):
        return self.update(request, pk)

    def delete(self, request, pk):
        return self.destroy(request, pk)

第三层封装

　　drf中自己写了一个类继承了封装的类里面写了get、post等方法

from rest_framework.generics import RetrieveDestroyAPIView, ListCreateAPIView

# class Book(GenericAPIView, ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin):
class Book(ListCreateAPIView):
    queryset = models.Books.objects.all()
    serializer_class = Ser.Books

# class BookDetail(GenericAPIView, RetrieveModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin):
class BookDetail(RetrieveDestroyAPIView):
    queryset = models.Books.objects.all()
    serializer_class = Ser.Books

最终的封装（不建议使用）

说明：

'''
终极封装是因为这个类继承了CreateModelMixin,RetrieveModelMixin,UpdateModelMixin,DestroyModelMixin,ListModelMixin,GenericViewSet):
注：在路由中配置时需要传递key:value对应的方法参数，保证对应的方法有对应的参数
{'get': 'retrieve', 'put': 'update', 'delete': 'destroy'}
'''

from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet
from rest_framework.renderers import JSONOpenAPIRenderer, BrowsableAPIRenderer, HTMLFormRenderer

class Book(ModelViewSet):
    # renderer_classes = [JSONOpenAPIRenderer, BrowsableAPIRenderer, HTMLFormRenderer]
    queryset = models.Books.objects.all()
    serializer_class = Ser.Books

class Publish(ModelViewSet):
    queryset = models.Publish.objects.all()
    serializer_class = Ser.Publish

魔法方法（重点）

# 建议用魔法类ViewSetMixin
from rest_framework.viewsets import  ViewSetMixin