xfsdump命令使用

一：使用xfsdump备份和恢复xfs文件系统

首先了解一下xfsdump的备份级别有以下两种，默认为0（即完全备份）

0                                    完全备份

1    <=   level <= 9      增量备份

1.创建xfs文件系统并挂载到/data目录下

Linux-x4xj:~ # mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb

linux-x4xj:~ # mkdir /data

linux-x4xj:~ # mount /dev/sdb /data

linux-x4xj:~ # df -h

Filesystem      Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda2       4.0G 1.6G  2.2G  43% /

devtmpfs        465M 168K  465M   1% /dev

tmpfs           465M     0 465M   0% /dev/shm

/dev/sdb         20G  33M   20G   1% /data

linux-x4xj:~ #

2.备份测试

首先复制一些文件到/data目录下，以便测试，如下所示

linux-x4xj:~ # ls -l /data

total 1792

-rwxr--r-- 1 nobody nobody 1832960 Sep 1314:12 iozone3_429.tar

drwxr-xr-x 2 nobody nobody     102 Sep 16 20:46 lustre-client-el5.8-2.1.6

linux-x4xj:~ #

◆首先备份/data整个目录到/tmp目录下

测试过程中发现：如果命令这样写xfsdump -f /tmp/dump_data /data/，就会提示错误（xfsdump:ERROR: /data/ does not identify a file system）

linux-x4xj:~ # xfsdump -f /tmp/dump_data /data/

xfsdump: using file dump (drive_simple)strategy

xfsdump: version 3.0.5 (dump format 3.0) -Running single-threaded

============================= dump labeldialog ==============================

please enter label for this dump session(timeout in 300 sec)

-> dump_data

session label entered:"dump_data"

---------------------------------end dialog ---------------------------------

xfsdump: ERROR:/data/ does not identify a file system

xfsdump: usage: xfsdump [ -a (dump DMFdualstate files as offline) ]

*

*

*

必须要这样写xfsdump -f /tmp/dump_data /data（即/data后面的/不能要）这样才能成功

linux-x4xj:~ # xfsdump -f /tmp/data_dump /data

xfsdump: using file dump (drive_simple)strategy

xfsdump: version 3.0.5 (dump format 3.0) -Running single-threaded

============================= dump labeldialog ==============================

please enter label for this dump session(timeout in 300 sec)

-> data_dump

session label entered:"data_dump"

--------------------------------- end dialog---------------------------------

xfsdump: level 0 dump of linux-x4xj:/data

xfsdump: dump date: Tue Sep 16 20:58:582014

xfsdump: session id:ca3390ef-1a8c-429b-8d87-4e60d22d3c54

xfsdump: session label: "data_dump"

xfsdump: ino map phase 1: constructinginitial dump list

xfsdump: ino map phase 2: skipping (nopruning necessary)

xfsdump: ino map phase 3: skipping (onlyone dump stream)

xfsdump: ino map construction complete

xfsdump: estimated dump size: 70670208bytes

============================= media labeldialog =============================

please enter label for media in drive 0(timeout in 300 sec)

-> media0

media label entered: "media0"

--------------------------------- end dialog---------------------------------

xfsdump: creating dump session media file 0(media 0, file 0)

xfsdump: dumping ino map

xfsdump: dumping directories

xfsdump: dumping non-directory files

xfsdump: ending media file

xfsdump: media file size 70680352 bytes

xfsdump: dump size (non-dir files) :70656816 bytes

xfsdump: dump complete: 9 seconds elapsed

xfsdump: Dump Status: SUCCESS

linux-x4xj:~ # ls -l /tmp/data_dump

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 70680352 Sep 1620:59 /tmp/data_dump

linux-x4xj:~ #

以上为会话模式，即会提示让你输入label for session和label for dump，可以用下面的命令运行，就不会出现会话模式了

linux-x4xj:~ # xfsdump -f /tmp/data_dump /data -L data_dump -M data_dump

◆备份/data目录下的lustre-client-el5.8-2.1.6子目录到/tmp目录下，命令如下

linux-x4xj:~ # xfsdump -f /tmp/data_lustre_client_dump -s lustre-client-el5.8-2.1.6 /data -L data_lustre_client_dump -M media0 （注意子目录前面不能有/，最后面也不能有/）

xfsdump: using file dump (drive_simple)strategy

xfsdump: version 3.0.5 (dump format 3.0) -Running single-threaded

xfsdump: level 0 dump of linux-x4xj:/data

xfsdump: dump date: Tue Sep 16 21:07:14 2014

xfsdump: session id:12d13ad4-47d2-4ea5-94df-afc2d71cb6a4

xfsdump: session label:"data_lustre_client_dump"

xfsdump: ino map phase 1: constructinginitial dump list

xfsdump: ino map phase 2: skipping (nopruning necessary)

xfsdump: ino map phase 3: skipping (onlyone dump stream)

xfsdump: ino map construction complete

xfsdump: estimated dump size: 68834880bytes

xfsdump: creating dump session media file 0(media 0, file 0)

xfsdump: dumping ino map

xfsdump: dumping directories

xfsdump: dumping non-directory files

xfsdump: ending media file

xfsdump: media file size 68845344 bytes

xfsdump: dump size (non-dir files) :68822096 bytes

xfsdump: dump complete: 0 seconds elapsed

xfsdump: Dump Status: SUCCESS

linux-x4xj:~ # ls -l /tmp/data_lustre_client_dump

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 68845344 Sep 1621:07 /tmp/data_lustre_client_dump

linux-x4xj:~ #

◆克隆/data（备份所有内容到另一个目录或到另一个硬盘下），本次新加了一个盘用作备份，挂载到了/data2下，开始克隆，命令如下

linux-x4xj:~ #xfsdump - /data | xfsrestore - /data2

或者

linux-x4xj:~ #xfsdump -l 0 - /data | xfsrestore - /data2 （因为默认级别为0）

linux-x4xj:~ # ll /data

total 1792

-rwxr--r-- 1 nobodynobody 1832960 Sep 13 14:12 iozone3_429.tar

drwxr-xr-x 2 nobodynobody     102 Sep 16 20:46lustre-client-el5.8-2.1.6

linux-x4xj:~ # ll /data2/

total 1792

-rwxr--r-- 1 nobodynobody 1832960 Sep 13 14:12 iozone3_429.tar

drwxr-xr-x 2 nobodynobody     102 Sep 16 20:46lustre-client-el5.8-2.1.6

linux-x4xj:~ #

◆只克隆/data下的子目录lustre-client-el5.8-2.1.6到/data2目录下，命令如下

linux-x4xj:~ #xfsdump - -s lustre-client-el5.8-2.1.6 /data | xfsrestore - /data2

或者

linux-x4xj:~ #xfsdump -l 0 - -s lustre-client-el5.8-2.1.6 /data | xfsrestore - /data2

linux-x4xj:~ # ll /data2/

total 0

drwxr-xr-x 2 nobodynobody 102 Sep 16 20:46 lustre-client-el5.8-2.1.6

linux-x4xj:~ #

3.查看会话存档

可以使用xfsdump -I来查看session存档

linux-x4xj:~ #xfsdump -I    （从存档中选择了一个会话内容如下）

session 2:

mount point:    linux-x4xj:/data

device:         linux-x4xj:/dev/sdb

time:           Tue Sep 16 20:58:58 2014

session label:  "data_dump"                   （会话标识）

session id:     ca3390ef-1a8c-429b-8d87-4e60d22d3c54

level:          0

resumed:        NO

subtree:        NO

streams:        1

stream 0:

pathname:       /tmp/data_dump

start:          ino 131 offset 0

end:            ino 136 offset 0

interrupted:    NO

media files:    1

media file 0:

mfileindex:    0

mfiletype:     data

mfilesize:     70680352

mfilestart:    ino 131 offset 0

mfile end:      ino 136 offset 0

medialabel:    "media0"             （介质标识）

media id:       43881f83-231f-4835-a858-4d4ade150efe

4.使用xfsrestore恢复数据

★模拟删除/data目录内的所有内容，然后恢复数据

linux-x4xj:~ # rm -rf /data/*

linux-x4xj:~ #xfsrestore -f /tmp/data_dump /data

★根据会话标识，只恢复某个文件或者是子目录

linux-x4xj:~#xfsrestore-f /tmp/data_dump -L data_dump -s lustre-client-el5.8-2.1.6 /data

5.在没有进行恢复之前可以通过xfsrestore  -f /tmp/data_dump  -t查看data_dump内容