rbac - 初识

一、rbac

权限组件
   1 项目与应用
        一个项目，可以有多个应用
        一个应用，可以在多个项目下
        前提：应用是组件！！

   2 什么是权限？
     一个包含正则表达式url就是一个权限

     who    what   how   ---------->True  or  Flase

     UserInfor
         id
         name
         pwd
         permission=models.manytomany(Permission)  多对多

    id    name   pwd
    1    egon   123
    2    alex   456
    3    A      111
    4    B      222
    5    C      333
    6    D      444

     Permission
        id
        url=.....
          title=....

        id       url            title
        1     "/users/"         "查看用户"
        2     "/users/add/"     "添加用户"
        3    "/customer/add"   "添加客户"

     UserInfor_permission

        id
        user_id
        permission_id

        id    user_id   permission_id
         1       1           1
         2       1           2
         3       2           2

         4       3           1
         5       3           2
         6       3           3

         7       4           1
         8       4           2
         9       4           3

         10       5           1
         11       5           2
         12       5           3

         13       6           1
         14       6           2
         15       6           3

         16       7           1
         17       7           2
         18       7           3

    示例：登录人：egon
          访问url:http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/

          def users(request):
             user_id=request.session.get("user_id")

             obj=UserInfor.objects.filter(pk=user_id).first()
             obj.permission.all().valuelist("url")   # 基于对象的跨表查询

             return HttpResponse("users.....")

这样做 是否 有问题？
假设：10人 。。。 应该，不同的角色有不同的权限！

不要给人定权限，
应该给角色定权限
rbac  正确的 见 版本2
------------------------------------------------------------

    # 版本2：

    UserInfor
         id
         name
         pwd
         roles = manytomany() 多对多

        name   pwd
        egon   123
        alex   456
        alex   456
        alex   456

    Role
       id
       title=.......
       permissions = manytomany() 多对多

         id   title
         1    销售员

    UserInfor2Role

       id     user_id    role_id
        1        1          1

    Permission
        id
        url=.....
          title=....

    id       url            title
    1     "/users/"         "查看用户"
    2     "/users/add/"     "添加用户"
     3    "/customer/add"    "添加客户"

    Role2Permission

    id  role_id   permission_id
     1      1           1
     2      1           2
     3      1           3

rbac（role-based access control）

app01 做的是项目相关的逻辑内容
rbac 制作权限相关的内容

关于rbac：  # 要把他它成组件

    (1) 创建表关系：
        class User(models.Model):
            name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
            pwd=models.CharField(max_length=32)
            roles=models.ManyToManyField(to="Role")

            def __str__(self): return self.name

        class Role(models.Model):
            title=models.CharField(max_length=32)
            permissions=models.ManyToManyField(to="Permission")

            def __str__(self): return self.title

        class Permission(models.Model):
            title=models.CharField(max_length=32)
            url=models.CharField(max_length=32)

            def __str__(self):return self.title

    (2) 基于admin录入数据

    (3) 登录校验：

        if 登录成功:

            查询当前登录用户的权列表注册到session中

    (4) 校验权限（中间件的应用）
        class ValidPermission(MiddlewareMixin):

            def process_request(self,request):

                # 当前访问路径
                current_path = request.path_info

                # 检查是否属于白名单
                valid_url_list=["/login/","/reg/","/admin/.*"]

                for valid_url in valid_url_list:
                    ret=re.match(valid_url,current_path)
                    if ret:
                        return None

                # 校验是否登录

                user_id=request.session.get("user_id")

                if not user_id:
                    return redirect("/login/")

                # 校验权限
                permission_list = request.session.get("permission_list",[])  # ['/users/', '/users/add', '/users/delete/(\\d+)', 'users/edit/(\\d+)']

                flag = False
                for permission in permission_list:

                    permission = "^%s$" % permission

                    ret = re.match(permission, current_path)
                    if ret:
                        flag = True
                        break
                if not flag:
                    return HttpResponse("没有访问权限！")

                return None

笔记

rbac（role-based access control）

基于角色的权限访问控制

二、数据库

1.新建一个应用：
    startapp rbac

    INSTALLED_APPS = [
        ...
        'app01.apps.App01Config',
        'rbac.apps.RbacConfig',
    ]

    makemigrations
    migrate

models.py

from django.db import models

class User(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    pwd = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    roles = models.ManyToManyField(to='Role')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class Role(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    permission = models.ManyToManyField(to='Permission')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

class Permission(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    url = models.CharField(max_length=32)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

三、admin

1.前提
    createsuperuser
    (yuan yuan1234)

admin.py

from django.contrib import admin

# Register your models here.

from .models import *

admin.site.register(User)
admin.site.register(Role)
admin.site.register(Permission)

四、登录验证 (session permission_list)

1.在session中注册用户ID
    request.session['user_id'] = user.pk

2.初始化 permission_list 并注册到session 中
    initial_session(user,request)

rbac/service/permission.py

def initial_session(user, request):
    permission = user.roles.all().values('permission__url').distinct()

    # print(permission)
    # 去重后的  所有权限！！ 将权限 存在 session 中！！
    # <QuerySet [{'permission__url': '/users/'}, {'permission__url': '/users/add'}]>

    permission_list = []
    for item in permission:
        permission_list.append(item['permission__url'])

    print(permission_list)
    # ['/users/', '/users/add']

    request.session['permission_list'] = permission_list

注意点：

permission = user.roles.all().values('permission__url').distinct()

1.values:      
    temp = []
    for role in user.roles.all():  # < QuerySet[ < Role: 保洁 >, < Role: 销售 >] >
        temp.append({
            'title':role.title
            'permission__url': role.permission__url.all()
        })
    return temp

2.values 不会去重！！
    <QuerySet [{'title': '保洁', 'permission__url': '/users/'}, 
    {'title': '销售', 'permission__url': '/users/'}, 
    {'title': '销售', 'permission__url': '/users/add'}]>  

views.py

def login(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        user = request.POST.get('user')
        pwd = request.POST.get('pwd')

        user = User.objects.filter(name=user,pwd=pwd).first()
        if user:
            # 在session中注册用户ID
            request.session['user_id'] = user.pk

            # 初始化 permission_list 并注册到session 中
            initial_session(user,request)

            return HttpResponse('登录成功')

    return render(request,'login.html')

五、基于中间件的权限校验

MIDDLEWARE = [
    ...
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    ...
    'rbac.service.rbac.ValidPermission',
]

注意点：

1.白名单，不需要任何权限的url
    valid_url_list = ['/login/', '/reg/', '/admin/.*']
    for valid_url in valid_url_list:
        ret = re.match(valid_url, current_path)
        if ret:
            return

    正则匹配

2.校验是否登录，
    user_id = request.session.get('user_id')
    if not user_id:
        return redirect('/login/')

3.校验权限（^ $ / 正则）
    permission_list = request.session.get('permission_list',[])

    flag = False
    for permission in permission_list:
        # ['/users/', '/users/add/', '/users/edit/(\\d+)/', '/users/delete/(\\d+)/']
        # 需要 ^ $ 限定！！ 
        permission = "^%s$" % permission

        # 正则
        ret = re.match(permission, current_path)
        if ret:
            flag = True
            break

    if not flag:
        return HttpResponse('无访问权限！')

rbac/service/rbac.py

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse, render, redirect
from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin
import re

class ValidPermission(MiddlewareMixin):

    def process_request(self,request):

        current_path = request.path_info

        # 白名单，不需要任何权限的url
        valid_url_list = ['/login/', '/reg/', '/admin/.*']

        for valid_url in valid_url_list:
            ret = re.match(valid_url, current_path)
            if ret:
                return

        # 校验是否登录
        user_id = request.session.get('user_id')
        if not user_id:
            return redirect('/login/')

        # 校验权限
        permission_list = request.session.get('permission_list',[])

        flag = False
        for permission in permission_list:
            # ['/users/', '/users/add/', '/users/edit/(\\d+)/', '/users/delete/(\\d+)/']
            # 需要 ^ $ 限定！！
            permission = "^%s$" % permission

            ret = re.match(permission, current_path)
            if ret:
                flag = True
                break

        if not flag:
            return HttpResponse('无访问权限！')