Nexus5安装PostmarketOS(Alpine Linux)并装上Docker

​ Postmarket OS是一个基于Alpine Linux。能够安装到手机或其他移动设备上。当然linux deploy也可以使用SSH，但linux deploy运行在容器里.使用上会有些限制.

Nexus5 硬件信息

芯片组	Qualcomm MSM8974 Snapdragon 800
中央处理器	4x2.3 GHz Krait 400
显卡	Adreno330
屏幕	1080x1920 IPS
存储	16/32 GB
内存	2 GB
处理器架构	armv7
Unixbench Whe / Dhry score	840.9

1.准备环境

• 科*学( 环境(最好路由器支持,实测ProxyChains只能部分代理)

• Ubuntu系统 (或虚拟机 注:Windosw子系统WSL不能工作,实测alpine ,suse Centos 安装会出其他莫名问题)

• python(>=3.6) pip3 git

  sudo apt install python3 git fastboot
  sudo python3.8 -m easy_install pip #pyhton3.8以下版本可用 sudo apt install python3-pip
  

2.安装pmbootstrap

• 安装

  pip3 install --user pmbootstrap
  

• 更新

  pip3 install --user --upgrade pmbootstrap
  

• 安装后需要注销并重新登陆刷新path

  pmbootstrap log #查看日志记录
  pmbootstrap pull#更新
  

3.初始化 pmbootstrap init

镜像源地址列表https://mirrors.postmarketos.org/ https://mirrors.alpinelinux.org/

• http://postmarketos-mirror.southafricanorth.cloudapp.azure.com/
• http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/alpine/

zp@zp:~$ pmbootstrap --mirror-pmOS="http://postmarketos-mirror.southafricanorth.cloudapp.azure.com/"  --mirror-alpine="http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/alpine/" init
[07:03:26] Location of the 'work' path. Multiple chroots (native, device arch, device rootfs) will be created in there.
##设置工作路径确保该位置有几个GB的可用空间，并且它是一个相对标准的Linux文件系统
[07:03:26] Work path [/home/zp/.local/var/pmbootstrap]:
[07:03:27] NOTE: pmaports path: /home/zp/.local/var/pmbootstrap/cache_git/pmaports
[07:03:27] Choose the postmarketOS release channel.
[07:03:27] Available (2):
[07:03:27] * edge: Rolling release channel
[07:03:27] * stable: Stable release channel (first beta v20.05, does not have many devices yet)
##选择更新通道 Stable稳定版  edge 滚动更新版
[07:03:27] Channel [edge]:
[07:03:29] Choose your target device vendor (either an existing one, or a new one for porting).
[07:03:29] Available vendors (55): acer, alcatel, amazon, arrow, asus, bq, chuwi, cubietech, essential, fairphone, finepower, fly, fujitsu, google, gp, hisense, htc, huawei, infocus, jolla, leeco, lenovo, lg, medion, meizu, motorola, nextbit, nobby, nokia, oneplus, oppo, ouya, pine64, planet, purism, qemu, raspberry, samsung, semc, sharp, sony, surftab, t2m, tablet, teclast, tokio, trekstor, vernee, wexler, wiko, wileyfox, xiaomi, yu, zte, zuk
##选择 设备的供应商和代码
[07:03:29] Vendor [lg]:
[07:03:30] Available codenames (14): bullhead, d285, d722, d851, d855, dory, e610, h815, hammerhead, lenok, mako, p700, vee7e, w5
##nexus5 是hammerhead
[07:03:30] Device codename [hammerhead]:
[07:03:33] This device has proprietary components, which trade some of your freedom with making more peripherals work.
[07:03:33] We would like to offer full functionality without hurting your freedom, but this is currently not possible for your device.
[07:03:33] device-lg-hammerhead-nonfree-firmware: WiFi, GPU, Modem and ADSP firmware
##是否安装 Wifi GPU Modem 等驱动
[07:03:33] Enable this package? (y/n) [y]:
##设备登陆用户名
[07:03:35] Username [xx]: lg3
[07:03:41] Available user interfaces (13):
#用户界面
[07:03:41] * none: No graphical environment #无图形环境
[07:03:41] * fbkeyboard: Plain framebuffer console with touchscreen keyboard support#带有触摸屏键盘支持的纯帧缓冲控制台
[07:03:41] * gnome: (Wayland) Gnome Shell
[07:03:41] * i3wm: (X11) Tiling WM (keyboard required)#（需要键盘)
[07:03:41] * mate: (X11) MATE Desktop Environment, fork of GNOME2 (stylus recommended)#MATE桌面环境，GNOME2的分支（建议使用手写笔）
[07:03:41] * phosh: (Wayland) Mobile UI developed for the Librem 5 (works only with numeric passwords!)#为Librem 5开发的移动UI（仅适用于数字密码！）
[07:03:41] * plasma-bigscreen: (Wayland) 10-feet variant of Plasma, made for big screen TVs#用于大屏幕电视
[07:03:41] * plasma-desktop: (X11/Wayland) KDE Desktop Environment (works well with tablets)#KDE桌面环境（与平板电脑配合使用）
[07:03:41] * plasma-mobile: (Wayland) Mobile variant of KDE Plasma (does not run without hardware acceleration, allows only numeric passwords!)#（在没有硬件加速的情况下不能运行，仅允许输入数字密码！）
[07:03:41] * shelli: Plain console with touchscreen gesture support#带有触摸屏手势支持的普通控制台
[07:03:41] * sway: (Wayland) Tiling WM, drop-in replacement for i3wm (DOES NOT RUN WITHOUT HW ACCELERATION!)#（不能在没有硬件加速的情况下运行！）
[07:03:41] * sxmo: (X11) Simple X Mobile: Mobile environment based on simple & suckless software (best compatibility on pinephone)
[07:03:41] * weston: (Wayland) Reference compositor (demo, not a phone interface)
[07:03:41] * xfce4: (X11) Lightweight desktop (stylus recommended)
#选择Gui fbkeyboard 其他图形界面不推荐,太卡
[07:03:41] User interface [weston]: fbkeyboard
#除非您知道要更改某些内容，否则只需按一下return键即可在此处使用默认值进行回答
[07:03:48] Additional options: extra free space: 0 MB, boot partition size: 128 MB, parallel jobs: 3, ccache per arch: 5G, sudo timer: False
[07:03:48] Change them? (y/n) [n]:
[07:03:51] Additional packages that will be installed to rootfs. Specify them in a comma separated list (e.g.: vim,file) or "none"
[07:03:51] Extra packages [none]:
[07:03:52] Your host timezone: Etc/UTC
[07:03:52] Use this timezone instead of GMT? (y/n) [y]:
[07:03:54] Available locales (14): C.UTF-8, ch_DE.UTF-8, de_CH.UTF-8, de_DE.UTF-8, en_GB.UTF-8, en_US.UTF-8, es_ES.UTF-8, fr_FR.UTF-8, it_IT.UTF-8, nb_NO.UTF-8, nl_NL.UTF-8, pt_BR.UTF-8, ru_RU.UTF-8, sv_SE.UTF-8
[07:03:54] Choose default locale for installation (y/n) [C.UTF-8]:
#安装后手机显示的计算机名
[07:03:54] Device hostname (short form, e.g. 'foo') [lg-hammerhead]:
[07:03:56] After pmaports are changed, the binary packages may be outdated. If you want to install postmarketOS without changes, reply 'n' for a faster installation.
[07:03:56] Build outdated packages during 'pmbootstrap install'? (y/n) [y]:
[07:03:56] WARNING: The chroots and git repositories in the work dir do not get updated automatically.
[07:03:56] Run 'pmbootstrap status' once a day before working with pmbootstrap to make sure that everything is up-to-date.
[07:03:56] Done!

4.初始化安装pmbootstrap install

执行pmbootstrap install 并等待执行完成(需要漫长等待,可以通过pmbootstrap log 查看详细日志,如果中断可以重新重试)

pmbootstrap --mirror-pmOS="http://postmarketos-mirror.southafricanorth.cloudapp.azure.com/"  --mirror-alpine="http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/alpine/" install

中间会提示创建进入手机系统的新密码

5.刷入手机

• 进入Fastboot Mode .在关闭设备电源的情况下，同时按住“降低音量”和“电源”按钮几秒钟，直到出现“快速启动模式”屏幕 并连接到电脑

• 解锁OEM (已解锁跳过)

  sudo fastboot oem unlock
  

• 将系统刷入到手机

  pmbootstrap --mirror-pmOS="http://postmarketos-mirror.southafricanorth.cloudapp.azure.com/"  --mirror-alpine="http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/alpine/"  flasher flash_rootfs --partition userdata
  
  sudo fastboot format system
  
  pmbootstrap  --mirror-pmOS="http://postmarketos-mirror.southafricanorth.cloudapp.azure.com/"  --mirror-alpine="http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/alpine/"   flasher flash_kernel
  

6.Docker安装

• Docker内核配置 https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Docker#Kernel

• Docker由于是虚拟机比较特殊并不能直接运行,需要编辑内核

#编辑内核 qcom-msm8974代表的是芯片组Qualcomm MSM8974  其他手机需要自行对应
pmbootstrap  --mirror-pmOS="http://postmarketos-mirror.southafricanorth.cloudapp.azure.com/"  --mirror-alpine="http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/alpine/"  kconfig edit postmarketos-qcom-msm8974
#编译
pmbootstrap  --mirror-pmOS="http://postmarketos-mirror.southafricanorth.cloudapp.azure.com/"  --mirror-alpine="http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/alpine/"  build linux-postmarketos-qcom-msm8974 --force

• 编译后文件~/.local/var/pmbootstrap/packages/edge/armv7/linux-postmarketos-qcom-msm8974***.apk

• 通过 sudo apk add -u linux-postmarketos-qcom-msm8974-5.9.0_rc4-r0.apk (此方法我手机安装后重启并未生效,直接重新执行 3,4,5 步骤重新刷入系统生效)

• 检Docker支持 https://raw.githubusercontent.com/moby/moby/master/contrib/check-config.sh

• 安装Docker

  
  sudo sed  -i '$a\199.232.28.133 raw.githubusercontent.com' /etc/hosts
  wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/moby/moby/master/contrib/check-config.sh
  chmod 777 check-config.sh
  ./check-config.sh
  
  #安装Docker
  sudo apk add docker
  #启动docker服务
  sudo service docker start
  #设置为自动启动
  sudo rc-update add docker default
  #创建docker用户组并把用户加入组
  sudo groupadd docker
  #把用户添加进docker组中
  sudo gpasswd -a ${USER} docker
  #重启
  sudo reboot
  #docker 加速
  sudo vi /etc/docker/daemon.json
  {
  "registry-mirrors": [
  "https://dockerhub.azk8s.cn",
  "https://reg-mirror.qiniu.com",
  "https://registry.docker-cn.com",
  "http://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn",
  "http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"
  ]
  }
  docker run --rm hello-world
  
  

7.其他说明

• 使用poweroff 并不能完全关机,得进入快速模式下关机,开机也一样

• 系统自带一个usb网卡,通过电脑与手机连接,电脑自动获取Ip地址,就可以通过usb连接到手机

• 使用Usb网卡不识别时. 可以先在电脑上查询对应的USB芯片是什么 在编辑内核 Device Drivers => Network device support => <*> USB Network Adapters 中勾选对应USB网卡驱动apk

• docker 运行时需要选择基于arm的镜像

• 相机还不能正常工作

• apk软件包中的openjdk8不建议使用,有性能bug,Docker中使用都比较快

• 其他常用软件

  sudo apk add python3 py3-pip openjdk8 screen htop unrar curl
  
  sudo apk add mysql mysql-client
  #https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Mysql
  
  sudo apk add jenkins
  #sudo service jenkins start
  #sudo rc-update add jenkins default 
  
  #我的世界服务器
  docker run --rm -e EULA=TRUE -it -p 25565:25565  -v ~/mcdata:/data --name mc2 janbe/minecraft-server:multiarch
  #.net core
  docker pull mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet:3.1.11-buster-slim-arm32v7
  docker pull mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet:5.0.2-focal-arm32v7
  

• 参考

  https://wiki.postmarketos.org/wiki/User_talk:Docker

  https://wiki.postmarketos.org/wiki/Main_Page

  https://wiki.postmarketos.org/wiki/Mirrors