python中间件

django 中的中间件（middleware），在django中，中间件其实就是一个类，在请求到来和结束后，django会根据自己的规则在合适的时机执行中间件中相应的方法。

1.中间件的方法

process_request(self,request)
process_view(self, request, callback, callback_args, callback_kwargs)
process_template_response(self,request,response)
process_exception(self, request, exception)
process_response(self, request, response)

2.中间件运行机制

　　a.玩法1

from  django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin

class M1(MiddlewareMixin):
    def process_request(self, request):
        print('M1.request') 

    def process_view(self, request,callback,callback_args,callback_kwargs ):
        print("M1.process_view")

    def process_response(self, request, response):
        print('M1.response')
        return response 

class M2(MiddlewareMixin):
    def process_request(self, request):
        print('M2.request') 

    def process_view(self, request,callback,callback_args,callback_kwargs ):
        print("M2.process_view")

    def process_response(self, request, response):
        print('M2.response')
        return response

#### 输出结果
M1.request
M2.request
M1.process_view
M2.process_view
#执行views视图
M2.response
M1.response

　　b.玩法2

from  django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin

class M1(MiddlewareMixin):
    def process_request(self, request):
        print('M1.request')
    # callback视图函数名称 callback_args,callback_kwargs 视图函数执行所需的参数
    def process_view(self, request,callback,callback_args,callback_kwargs ):
        print("M1.process_view")
        response=callback(request,*callback_args,**callback_kwargs)
        return response
    def process_response(self, request, response):
        print('M1.response')
        return response

class M2(MiddlewareMixin):
    def process_request(self, request):
        print('M2.request')  

    def process_view(self, request,callback,callback_args,callback_kwargs ):
        print("M2.process_view")
    def process_response(self, request, response):
        print('M2.response')
        return response

####输出结果
M1.request
M2.request
M1.process_view
#执行views视图函数
M2.response
M1.response

　　c.玩法3

创建中间件类：

class Middle_Test(object):

    def process_request(self,request):
        pass
    def process_view(self, request, callback, callback_args, callback_kwargs):
        i =1
        pass
    def process_exception(self, request, exception):
        pass

    def process_response(self, request, response):
        return response

注册中间件：

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    'sparks.middleware.auth.Middle_Test',
)