23_2spring的常用注解

1.基于注解的IOC配置

1.1导入jar包

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
    <artifactId>day02_eesy_01anno_ioc</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

1.2接口

package com.itheima.dao;

/**
 * 账户的持久层接口
 */
public interface IAccountDao {

    /**
     * 模拟保存账户
     */
    void saveAccount();
}

package com.itheima.service;

/**
 * 账户业务层的接口
 */
public interface IAccountService {

    /**
     * 模拟保存账户
     */
    void saveAccount();
}

1.3创建spring的xml配置文件并开启对注解的支持

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--把对象的创建交给spring来管理-->
    <!--<bean id="accountService" class="com.itheima.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl"></bean>-->

    <!--告知spring在创建容器时要扫描的包，配置所需要的标签不是在beans的约束中，而是一个名称为
        context名称空间和约束中-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima"></context:component-scan>
</beans>

1.4使用@Component注解配置管理的资源

package com.itheima.service.impl;

import com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao;
import com.itheima.service.IAccountService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * 账户的业务层实现类
 *
 * 曾经XML的配置：
 *  <bean id="accountService" class="com.itheima.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl"
 *        scope=""  init-method="" destroy-method="">
 *      <property name=""  value="" | ref=""></property>
 *  </bean>
 *
 * 1.用于创建对象的
 *      他们的作用就和在XML配置文件中编写一个<bean>标签实现的功能是一样的
 *      Component:
 *          作用：用于把当前类对象存入spring容器中
 *          属性：
 *              value：用于指定bean的id。当我们不写时，它的默认值是当前类名，且首字母改小写。
 *      Controller：一般用在表现层
 *      Service：一般用在业务层
 *      Repository：一般用在持久层
 *      以上三个注解他们的作用和属性与Component是一模一样。
 *      他们三个是spring框架为我们提供明确的三层使用的注解，使我们的三层对象更加清晰
 *
 * 2.用于注入数据的
 *      他们的作用就和在xml配置文件中的bean标签中写一个<property>标签的作用是一样的
 *      Autowired:
 *          作用：自动按照类型注入。只要容器中有唯一的一个bean对象类型和要注入的变量类型匹配，就可以注入成功
 *                如果ioc容器中没有任何bean的类型和要注入的变量类型匹配，则报错。
 *                如果Ioc容器中有多个类型匹配时：首先按照类型筛选，然后按照名称筛选
 *          出现位置：
 *              可以是变量上，也可以是方法上
 *          细节：
 *              在使用注解注入时，set方法就不是必须的了。
 *      Qualifier:
 *          作用：在按照类中注入的基础之上再按照名称注入。它在给类成员注入时不能单独使用。但是在给方法参数注入时可以
 *          属性：
 *              value：用于指定注入bean的id。
 *      Resource
 *          作用：直接按照bean的id注入。它可以独立使用
 *          属性：
 *              name：用于指定bean的id。
 *      以上三个注入都只能注入其他bean类型的数据，而基本类型和String类型无法使用上述注解实现。
 *      另外，集合类型的注入只能通过XML来实现。
 *
 *      Value
 *          作用：用于注入基本类型和String类型的数据
 *          属性：
 *              value：用于指定数据的值。它可以使用spring中SpEL(也就是spring的el表达式）
 *                      SpEL的写法：${表达式}
 *
 * 3.用于改变作用范围的
 *      他们的作用就和在bean标签中使用scope属性实现的功能是一样的
 *      Scope
 *          作用：用于指定bean的作用范围
 *          属性：
 *              value：指定范围的取值。常用取值：singleton prototype
 *
 * 4.和生命周期相关（了解）
 *      他们的作用就和在bean标签中使用init-method和destroy-method的作用是一样的
 *      PreDestroy
 *          作用：用于指定销毁方法
 *      PostConstruct
 *          作用：用于指定初始化方法
 */
@Service("accountService")
@Scope("prototype")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService {
//    @Autowired
//    @Qualifier("accountDao2")
    @Resource(name = "accountDao1")
    private IAccountDao accountDao ;

    public void  saveAccount(){
        accountDao.saveAccount();
    }
}

package com.itheima.dao.impl;

import com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

/**
 * 账户的持久层实现类
 */
@Repository("accountDao1")
public class AccountDaoImpl implements IAccountDao {

    public  void saveAccount(){

        System.out.println("保存了账户1111111111");
    }
}

1.5测试方法

package com.itheima.ui;

import com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao;
import com.itheima.service.IAccountService;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**
 * 模拟一个表现层，用于调用业务层
 */
public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //1.获取核心容器对象
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        //2.根据id获取Bean对象
        IAccountService as  = (IAccountService)ac.getBean("accountService");
        IAccountService as2  = (IAccountService)ac.getBean("accountService");

        System.out.println(as==as2);

//        IAccountDao adao = ac.getBean("accountDao", IAccountDao.class);
//        System.out.println(adao);
//        System.out.println(as);

        as.saveAccount();
    }
}

2.常用注解

2.1用于创建对象的

相当于：<bean id="" class="">

1.@Component

2.@Controller @Service @Repository

2.2用于注入数据的

相当于：<property name="" ref="">
　　　　<property name="" value="">

1. @Autowired

 2.@Qualifier

 3.@Resource

 4.@Value

2.3用于改变作用范围的

相当于：<bean id="" class="" scope="">

1.@Scope

2.4和生命周期相关的

相当于：<bean id="" class="" init-method="" destroy-method="" />

1.@PostConstruct

2.@PreDestroy

3.使用spring的IoC的实现账户的CURD

3.1 技术要求

使用 spring 的 IoC 实现对象的管理
使用 DBAssit 作为持久层解决方案
使用 c3p0 数据源

3.2导入jar包

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
    <artifactId>day02_eesy_02account_xmlioc</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId>
            <version>1.4</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.6</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

3.3编写实体

package com.itheima.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * 账户的实体类
 */
public class Account implements Serializable {

    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Float money;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Float getMoney() {
        return money;
    }

    public void setMoney(Float money) {
        this.money = money;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", money=" + money +
                '}';
    }
}

3.4编写持久层代码

package com.itheima.dao;

import com.itheima.domain.Account;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 账户的持久层接口
 */
public interface IAccountDao {

    /**
     * 查询所有
     * @return
     */
    List<Account> findAllAccount();

    /**
     * 查询一个
     * @return
     */
    Account findAccountById(Integer accountId);

    /**
     * 保存
     * @param account
     */
    void saveAccount(Account account);

    /**
     * 更新
     * @param account
     */
    void updateAccount(Account account);

    /**
     * 删除
     * @param acccountId
     */
    void deleteAccount(Integer acccountId);
}

package com.itheima.dao.impl;

import com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao;
import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanHandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanListHandler;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 账户的持久层实现类
 */
public class AccountDaoImpl implements IAccountDao {

    private QueryRunner runner;

    public void setRunner(QueryRunner runner) {
        this.runner = runner;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Account> findAllAccount() {
        try{
            return runner.query("select * from account",new BeanListHandler<Account>(Account.class));
        }catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) {
        try{
            return runner.query("select * from account where id = ? ",new BeanHandler<Account>(Account.class),accountId);
        }catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void saveAccount(Account account) {
        try{
            runner.update("insert into account(name,money)values(?,?)",account.getName(),account.getMoney());
        }catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void updateAccount(Account account) {
        try{
            runner.update("update account set name=?,money=? where id=?",account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId());
        }catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void deleteAccount(Integer accountId) {
        try{
            runner.update("delete from account where id=?",accountId);
        }catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}

3.5编写业务层代码

package com.itheima.service;

import com.itheima.domain.Account;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 账户的业务层接口
 */
public interface IAccountService {

    /**
     * 查询所有
     * @return
     */
    List<Account> findAllAccount();

    /**
     * 查询一个
     * @return
     */
    Account findAccountById(Integer accountId);

    /**
     * 保存
     * @param account
     */
    void saveAccount(Account account);

    /**
     * 更新
     * @param account
     */
    void updateAccount(Account account);

    /**
     * 删除
     * @param acccountId
     */
    void deleteAccount(Integer acccountId);

}

package com.itheima.service.impl;

import com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao;
import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import com.itheima.service.IAccountService;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 账户的业务层实现类
 */
public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService{

    private IAccountDao accountDao;

    public void setAccountDao(IAccountDao accountDao) {
        this.accountDao = accountDao;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Account> findAllAccount() {
        return accountDao.findAllAccount();
    }

    @Override
    public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) {
        return accountDao.findAccountById(accountId);
    }

    @Override
    public void saveAccount(Account account) {
        accountDao.saveAccount(account);
    }

    @Override
    public void updateAccount(Account account) {
        accountDao.updateAccount(account);
    }

    @Override
    public void deleteAccount(Integer acccountId) {
        accountDao.deleteAccount(acccountId);
    }
}

3.6创建并编写配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <!-- 配置Service -->
    <bean id="accountService" class="com.itheima.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl">
        <!-- 注入dao -->
        <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--配置Dao对象-->
    <bean id="accountDao" class="com.itheima.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl">
        <!-- 注入QueryRunner -->
        <property name="runner" ref="runner"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--配置QueryRunner-->
    <bean id="runner" class="org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner" scope="prototype">
        <!--注入数据源-->
        <constructor-arg name="ds" ref="dataSource"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置数据源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!--连接数据库的必备信息-->
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/eesy"></property>
        <property name="user" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="123456"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

3.7测试

package com.itheima.test;

import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import com.itheima.service.IAccountService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 使用Junit单元测试：测试我们的配置
 */
public class AccountServiceTest {

    @Test
    public void testFindAll() {
        //1.获取容器
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        //2.得到业务层对象
        IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService", IAccountService.class);
        //3.执行方法
        List<Account> accounts = as.findAllAccount();
        for (Account account:accounts ) {
            System.out.println(account);
        }

    }

    @Test
    public void testFindOne() {
        //1.获取容器
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        //2.得到业务层对象
        IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService", IAccountService.class);
        //3.执行方法
        Account account = as.findAccountById(1);
        System.out.println(account);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSave() {
        Account account = new Account();
        account.setName("test");
        account.setMoney(12345f);
        //1.获取容器
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        //2.得到业务层对象
        IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService", IAccountService.class);
        //3.执行方法
        as.saveAccount(account);
    }

    @Test
    public void testUpdate() {
        //1.获取容器
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        //2.得到业务层对象
        IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService", IAccountService.class);
        //3.执行方法
        Account account = as.findAccountById(4);
        account.setMoney(23456f);
        as.updateAccount(account);
    }

    @Test
    public void testDelete() {
        //1.获取容器
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        //2.得到业务层对象
        IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService", IAccountService.class);
        //3.执行方法
        as.deleteAccount(4);
    }
}

4.使用注解完成上述案例

4.1导入jar包

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
    <artifactId>day02_eesy_04account_annoioc_withoutxml</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId>
            <version>1.4</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.6</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

4.2实体类

package com.itheima.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * 账户的实体类
 */
public class Account implements Serializable {

    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Float money;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Float getMoney() {
        return money;
    }

    public void setMoney(Float money) {
        this.money = money;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", money=" + money +
                '}';
    }
}

4.3持久层代码

package com.itheima.dao;

import com.itheima.domain.Account;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 账户的持久层接口
 */
public interface IAccountDao {

    /**
     * 查询所有
     * @return
     */
    List<Account> findAllAccount();

    /**
     * 查询一个
     * @return
     */
    Account findAccountById(Integer accountId);

    /**
     * 保存
     * @param account
     */
    void saveAccount(Account account);

    /**
     * 更新
     * @param account
     */
    void updateAccount(Account account);

    /**
     * 删除
     * @param acccountId
     */
    void deleteAccount(Integer acccountId);
}

package com.itheima.dao.impl;

import com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao;
import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanHandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanListHandler;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 账户的持久层实现类
 */
@Repository("accountDao")
public class AccountDaoImpl implements IAccountDao {

    @Autowired
    private QueryRunner runner;

    @Override
    public List<Account> findAllAccount() {
        try{
            return runner.query("select * from account",new BeanListHandler<Account>(Account.class));
        }catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) {
        try{
            return runner.query("select * from account where id = ? ",new BeanHandler<Account>(Account.class),accountId);
        }catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void saveAccount(Account account) {
        try{
            runner.update("insert into account(name,money)values(?,?)",account.getName(),account.getMoney());
        }catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void updateAccount(Account account) {
        try{
            runner.update("update account set name=?,money=? where id=?",account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId());
        }catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void deleteAccount(Integer accountId) {
        try{
            runner.update("delete from account where id=?",accountId);
        }catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}

4.4业务层代码

package com.itheima.service;

import com.itheima.domain.Account;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 账户的业务层接口
 */
public interface IAccountService {

    /**
     * 查询所有
     * @return
     */
    List<Account> findAllAccount();

    /**
     * 查询一个
     * @return
     */
    Account findAccountById(Integer accountId);

    /**
     * 保存
     * @param account
     */
    void saveAccount(Account account);

    /**
     * 更新
     * @param account
     */
    void updateAccount(Account account);

    /**
     * 删除
     * @param acccountId
     */
    void deleteAccount(Integer acccountId);

}

package com.itheima.service.impl;

import com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao;
import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import com.itheima.service.IAccountService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 账户的业务层实现类
 */
@Service("accountService")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService{

    @Autowired
    private IAccountDao accountDao;

    @Override
    public List<Account> findAllAccount() {
        return accountDao.findAllAccount();
    }

    @Override
    public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) {
        return accountDao.findAccountById(accountId);
    }

    @Override
    public void saveAccount(Account account) {
        accountDao.saveAccount(account);
    }

    @Override
    public void updateAccount(Account account) {
        accountDao.updateAccount(account);
    }

    @Override
    public void deleteAccount(Integer acccountId) {
        accountDao.deleteAccount(acccountId);
    }
}

4.5主配置类

package config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;

/**
 * 该类是一个配置类，它的作用和bean.xml是一样的
 */

@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.itheima"})
@Import(JdbcConfig.class)
@PropertySource("classpath:jdbcConfig.properties")
public class SpringConfiguraiton {

}

4.6数据库连接配置类

package config;

import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

public class JdbcConfig {
    @Value("${jdbc.driver}")
    private String driver;

    @Value("${jdbc.url}")
    private String url;

    @Value("${jdbc.username}")
    private String username;

    @Value("${jdbc.password}")
    private String password;

    @Bean(name = "runner")
    @Scope("prototype")
    public QueryRunner createQueryRunner(DataSource dataSource) {
        return new QueryRunner(dataSource);
    }

    @Bean(name = "dataSource")
    public DataSource createDataSource() {
        try {
            ComboPooledDataSource ds = new ComboPooledDataSource();
            ds.setDriverClass(driver);
            ds.setJdbcUrl(url);
            ds.setUser(username);
            ds.setPassword(password);
            return ds;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}

4.7数据库配置文件

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/eesy
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

4.8测试类

package com.itheima.test;

import config.SpringConfiguraiton;
import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import com.itheima.service.IAccountService;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 使用Junit单元测试：测试我们的配置
 */
public class AccountServiceTest {

    private ApplicationContext ac;
    private IAccountService as;

    @Before
    public void init() {
        //1.获取容易
        ac = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfiguraiton.class);
        //2.得到业务层对象
        as = ac.getBean("accountService", IAccountService.class);
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindAll() {

        //3.执行方法
        List<Account> accounts = as.findAllAccount();
        for (Account account : accounts) {
            System.out.println(account);
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindOne() {
        //1.获取容易
//        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        ApplicationContext ac = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfiguraiton.class);
        //2.得到业务层对象
        IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService", IAccountService.class);
        //3.执行方法
        Account account = as.findAccountById(1);
        System.out.println(account);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSave() {
        Account account = new Account();
        account.setName("test");
        account.setMoney(12345f);
        //1.获取容易
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        //2.得到业务层对象
        IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService", IAccountService.class);
        //3.执行方法
        as.saveAccount(account);

    }

    @Test
    public void testUpdate() {
        //1.获取容易
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        //2.得到业务层对象
        IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService", IAccountService.class);
        //3.执行方法
        Account account = as.findAccountById(4);
        account.setMoney(23456f);
        as.updateAccount(account);
    }

    @Test
    public void testDelete() {
        //1.获取容易
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        //2.得到业务层对象
        IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService", IAccountService.class);
        //3.执行方法
        as.deleteAccount(4);
    }
}

5.新注解说明

5.1@Configuration

5.2@ComponentScan

5.3@Bean

5.4@PropertySource

5.5@Import

6.spring整合junit案例

6.1问题

6.2解决思路分析

1、应用程序的入口
　　main方法
2、junit单元测试中，没有main方法也能执行
　　junit集成了一个main方法
　　该方法就会判断当前测试类中哪些方法有 @Test注解
　　junit就让有Test注解的方法执行
3、junit不会管我们是否采用spring框架
　　在执行测试方法时，junit根本不知道我们是不是使用了spring框架
　　所以也就不会为我们读取配置文件/配置类创建spring核心容器
4、由以上三点可知
　　当测试方法执行时，没有Ioc容器，就算写了Autowired注解，也无法实现注入

6.3使用@RunWith注解替换原有运行器

6.4使用@ContextConfiguration  指定spring 配置文件/对象的位置

6.5使用@Autowired给测试类中的变量注入数据

6.6测试类

package com.itheima.test;

import config.SpringConfiguration;
import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import com.itheima.service.IAccountService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 使用Junit单元测试：测试我们的配置
 * Spring整合junit的配置
 *      1、导入spring整合junit的jar(坐标)
 *      2、使用Junit提供的一个注解把原有的main方法替换了，替换成spring提供的
 *             @Runwith
 *      3、告知spring的运行器，spring和ioc创建是基于xml还是注解的，并且说明位置
 *          @ContextConfiguration
 *                  locations：指定xml文件的位置，加上classpath关键字，表示在类路径下
 *                  classes：指定注解类所在地位置
 *
 *   当我们使用spring 5.x版本的时候，要求junit的jar必须是4.12及以上
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = SpringConfiguration.class)
public class AccountServiceTest {

    @Autowired
    private IAccountService as;

    @Test
    public void testFindAll() {

        //3.执行方法
        List<Account> accounts = as.findAllAccount();
        for (Account account : accounts) {
            System.out.println(account);
        }
    }

}