java-appium-527进阶-1 UiAutomator1&2区别和封装

1.UiAutomator和UiAtumator2的区别：

1.1 UiAutomator1有关于id定位的策略

** UiAutomator1 id定位在resourceid匹配失败时，会匹配contentDesc。 **

安卓会根据id进行3种情况的判断：

• 1.resourceId 如user_profile_icon
• 2.accessibility id
• 3.Strings.xml 研发所写的resource id，包含包名，如com.xueqiu.android:id/user_profile_icon。如果传入的text是resource Id将只使用resource id选择器

更多信息在appium/appium-android-bootstrap分支，详见https://github.com/appium-boneyard/appium-android-bootstrap/blob/master/bootstrap/src/io/appium/android/bootstrap/handler/Find.java。

1.2 UiAutomator2定位策略

UiAutomator2中id定位只匹配resourceId

if (by instanceof ById) {
            String locator = rewriteIdLocator((ById) by);
            return CustomUiDevice.getInstance().findObject(android.support.test.uiautomator.By.res(locator));
        } else if (by instanceof By.ByAccessibilityId) {
            return CustomUiDevice.getInstance().findObject(android.support.test.uiautomator.By.desc(by.getElementLocator()));
        } else if (by instanceof ByClass) {
            return CustomUiDevice.getInstance().findObject(android.support.test.uiautomator.By.clazz(by.getElementLocator()));
        } else if (by instanceof By.ByXPath) {
            final NodeInfoList matchedNodes = getXPathNodeMatch(by.getElementLocator(), null);
            if (matchedNodes.size() == 0) {
                throw new ElementNotFoundException();
            }
            return CustomUiDevice.getInstance().findObject(matchedNodes);
        } else if (by instanceof By.ByAndroidUiAutomator) {
            UiSelector selector = toSelector(by.getElementLocator());
            if (selector == null) {
                throw new UiSelectorSyntaxException(by.getElementLocator(), "");
            }
            return CustomUiDevice.getInstance().findObject(selector);
}

详见：https://github.com/appium/appium-uiautomator2-server/blob/master/app/src/main/java/io/appium/uiautomator2/handler/FindElement.java

2. 查找控件方法的简单封装

在UiAutomator1中，id定位会去匹配contentDesc，此处只考虑xpath, id, contentDesc。

传入String，辅以正则表达式，如果匹配Xpath，就用xpath定位；如果匹配id，就用id定位

    public WebElement locate(String locate){
        if (locate.matches("\\/\\/.*")){
            return  driver.findElementByXPath(locate);
        }else{
            return driver.findElementById(locate);
        }
    }

3. id和xpath定位的区别

使用id，contentDesc,class定位都是使用uiatumator自带的方法，使用xpath定位需要先获取节点信息，再对节点信息做检索
同一个元素：id: "com.xueqiu.android:id/tv_login" xpath: //*[@resource-id,"com.xueqiu.android:id/tv_login" ]
```#shell
# 使用该命令可以查看执行时间，v代表详细信息，此处只查看结果和执行时间，将--v去除
time curl -X POST http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub/session/${SessionId}/elements --data-binary '{"using":"id","value":"com.xueqiu.android:id/tv_login"}' -H "Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8" --v

<img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1418970/201810/1418970-20181004151953554-760908803.png" width="550" />

# 4.总结

<font color=#458B00>    1.UiAutomator使用id在匹配resourceId失败时，会使用ACCESSIBILITY_ID定位
     UiAtumator2使用id定位被限制，只能使用resourceId定位
    2.使用xpath和id定位，耗时差别可接受</font>

# 封装寻找控件方法的测试代码
test.java
```#java
import io.appium.java_client.MobileElement;
import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.junit.experimental.theories.Theories;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;

public class XueqiuDemo {

    private AndroidDriver driver;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws MalformedURLException {
        DesiredCapabilities desiredCapabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("platformName", "android");
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("deviceName", "domo");
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("appPackage", "com.xueqiu.android");
        desiredCapabilities.setCapability("appActivity", ".view.WelcomeActivityAlias");

        URL remoteUrl = new URL("http://localhost:4723/wd/hub");

        driver = new AndroidDriver(remoteUrl, desiredCapabilities);
        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20,TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    @Test
    public void sampleTest() throws InterruptedException {
        locate("com.xueqiu.android:id/user_profile_icon").click();
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        locate("com.xueqiu.android:id/tv_login").click();
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        locate("com.xueqiu.android:id/tv_login_by_phone_or_others").click();
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        locate("com.xueqiu.android:id/register_phone_number").sendKeys("123456789");
    }
    public WebElement locate(String locate){
        if (locate.matches("\\/\\/.*")){
            return  driver.findElementByXPath(locate);
        }else{
            return driver.findElementById(locate);
        }
    }
    @After
    public void tearDown() {
        driver.quit();
    }
}