linux中通过awk进行文本的对齐格式化处理?awk printf左对齐?

需求描述:

　　今天在对一个从excel文件中粘出来的内容进行整理的时候,发现格式很乱,就想用awk工具格式化一下,在此记录一下.

操作过程:

1.从excel中复制出来的内容

job_name    job_group
syncCommStockJob    dataSync
syncStoreChnlJob    dataSync
syncOrderJob    dataSync
syncReportStoreJob    dataSync
hdfsScanJob    report
orderSaleDailyJob    report
jdzmdOrdersJob    report
jdCanJob    report
tbTermSalesJob    report
ess3GTermSalesJob    report
npBusiDayReportJob    report
npBusiWeekMonthReportJob    report
snOrdersScreenJob    report
jdzmdOrderScreenJob    report
jjTermSalesJob    report
termSalesJob    report
jfScanJob    report
operatorSalesJob    report
operatorSpecialSalesJob    report
syncTopSaleByDayJob    report
operatorDataJob    report
npBusiSpecWeekMonthReportJob    report
analyseTopSaleDayJob    report
analyseTopSaleWeekAndMonthJob    report
clearScreenCacheJob    report
commStockReportJob    report
costDetailJob    report
incomeDetailJob    report
bigScreenIncomeAndCostJob    report
termSaleGatherDayJob    report
termSalesGatherJob    report
mobileSaleGatherDayJob    report
mobileTermSalesGatherJob    report
incomeAndCostReportJob    report
businessInfoMonitorJob    report
ticketBigDataJob    report
activityStatisticsByDayJob    report
detectFtpFileJob    report
electronicKafkaInfoJob    report
storePerformmanceJob    report
bdElectronicKafkaDataJob    report
testJob    service
reportJob    service
topSessionJob    service
topGetStoresJob    service
topItemsGetJob    service
topGoodsDetailJob    service
topTradeDownloadJob    service
topUserPermitJob    service
topMsgConsumerJob    service
bdStoreChlJob    service
bdSmsPushJob    service
smsFeedbackJob    service
targetUserJob    service
propertyInfoJob    service
storeAndAdminAreaUploadJob    service
newTargetUserJob    service
blackAndWhiteListSynJob    service
areaCacheJob    sysman
departCacheJob    sysman
departJianPinJob    sysman
allAreaCacheJob    sysman
staffCacheJob    sysman
areaSyncJob    sysman
allFuncrightCacheJob    sysman
synDepartJob    sysman
originDepartCacheJob    sysman
allAdminAreaCacheJob    sysman
adminAreaCacheJob    sysman
testAJob    sysman
testBJob    sysman
storeCacheJob    sysman

备注:就想要第一列是对齐的,同时第二列也是对齐的.

2.使用awk进行格式化(首先将上面的内容粘贴到linux一个文件中)

[root@testvm ~]# cat abc.txt | awk '{printf "%-30s%-15s\n",$1,$2}'               #%-30s表示输出字符串,宽度30位,左对齐.%-15s用来指定第二列的,左对齐,宽度15.两个百分号之间可以没有空格.使用\n对每一行的输出加上换行符
job_name                      job_group
syncCommStockJob              dataSync
syncStoreChnlJob              dataSync
syncOrderJob                  dataSync
syncReportStoreJob            dataSync
hdfsScanJob                   report
orderSaleDailyJob             report
jdzmdOrdersJob                report
jdCanJob                      report
tbTermSalesJob                report
ess3GTermSalesJob             report
npBusiDayReportJob            report
npBusiWeekMonthReportJob      report
snOrdersScreenJob             report
jdzmdOrderScreenJob           report
jjTermSalesJob                report
termSalesJob                  report
jfScanJob                     report
operatorSalesJob              report
operatorSpecialSalesJob       report
syncTopSaleByDayJob           report
operatorDataJob               report
npBusiSpecWeekMonthReportJob  report
analyseTopSaleDayJob          report
analyseTopSaleWeekAndMonthJob report
clearScreenCacheJob           report
commStockReportJob            report
costDetailJob                 report
incomeDetailJob               report
bigScreenIncomeAndCostJob     report
termSaleGatherDayJob          report
termSalesGatherJob            report
mobileSaleGatherDayJob        report
mobileTermSalesGatherJob      report
incomeAndCostReportJob        report
businessInfoMonitorJob        report
ticketBigDataJob              report
activityStatisticsByDayJob    report
detectFtpFileJob              report
electronicKafkaInfoJob        report
storePerformmanceJob          report
bdElectronicKafkaDataJob      report
testJob                       service
reportJob                     service
topSessionJob                 service
topGetStoresJob               service
topItemsGetJob                service
topGoodsDetailJob             service
topTradeDownloadJob           service
topUserPermitJob              service
topMsgConsumerJob             service
bdStoreChlJob                 service
bdSmsPushJob                  service
smsFeedbackJob                service
targetUserJob                 service
propertyInfoJob               service
storeAndAdminAreaUploadJob    service
newTargetUserJob              service
blackAndWhiteListSynJob       service
areaCacheJob                  sysman
departCacheJob                sysman
departJianPinJob              sysman
allAreaCacheJob               sysman
staffCacheJob                 sysman
areaSyncJob                   sysman
allFuncrightCacheJob          sysman
synDepartJob                  sysman
originDepartCacheJob          sysman
allAdminAreaCacheJob          sysman
adminAreaCacheJob             sysman
testAJob                      sysman
testBJob                      sysman
storeCacheJob                 sysman

备注:使用printf进行输出第一列和第二列.然后使用%s表示输出字符串,并且通过负号(-),数字表示的是左对齐输出.这样就达到了对格式进行整理.

文档创建时间:2018年7月12日10:59:29