配置Keepalived单实例实现单IP自动漂移接管

实验要求 ==> 实现Keepalived高可用对之间的故障切换过程，配置的vrrp实例的VIP为192.168.10.66，可以将其配置在网卡别名上。

实验环境 ==> CentOS 7.x

实验目的 ==> 实现Keepalived高可用对之间的故障切换功能

实验主机 ==> 192.168.10.6（主机名：node1）、192.168.10.7（主机名：node2）

实验前提 ==> 高可用对之间时间同步（可通过周期性任务来实现）

实验操作如下。

1、编辑keepalived配置文件

注意：使用vim打开/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf后，先注释掉virtual_server相关的配置，可在末行模式下使用命令":.,$s/^/#/g"注释。

2、启动keepalived服务

(1) 在node1（192.168.10.6）上

[root@node1 ~]# systemctl start keepalived.service		# 启动keepalived服务

[root@node1 ~]# systemctl status keepalived.service		# 查看keepalived服务状态

● keepalived.service - LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor

   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)

   Active: active (running) since Sat 2017-07-08 05:51:16 CST; 5s ago

   		   # 已经在运行中

  Process: 16520 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/keepalived $KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

 Main PID: 16521 (keepalived)

   CGroup: /system.slice/keepalived.service

           ├─16521 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D

           ├─16522 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D

           └─16523 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D

Jul 08 05:51:18 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16522]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.10.6 added

Jul 08 05:51:18 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16522]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector

Jul 08 05:51:18 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16522]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel

Jul 08 05:51:18 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16522]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Jul 08 05:51:18 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16522]: Configuration is using : 7429 Bytes

Jul 08 05:51:18 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16522]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...

Jul 08 05:51:18 node1 Keepalived_vrrp[16523]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE

																  # node1启动后状态为MASTER路由器

Jul 08 05:51:18 node1 Keepalived_vrrp[16523]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.

Jul 08 05:51:18 node1 Keepalived_vrrp[16523]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on ens33 for 192.168.10.66

																  # node1发送免费ARP通告虚拟路由所在的MAC地址（ens33）

Jul 08 05:51:18 node1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16522]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.10.66 added

														# 已经添加虚拟路由IP（192.168.10.66）

同样的信息可在/var/log/message中获得。

[root@node1 ~]# tail -5 /var/log/messages

Jul  8 05:51:18 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[16523]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE

Jul  8 05:51:18 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[16523]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.

Jul  8 05:51:18 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[16523]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on ens33 for 192.168.10.66

Jul  8 05:51:18 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[16522]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.10.66 added

Jul  8 05:51:23 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[16523]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on ens33 for 192.168.10.66

查看虚拟路由IP。

[root@node1 ~]# ip addr l

（...省略...）

 ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1280 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

    link/ether 00:0c:29:13:d1:d8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.10.6/24 brd 192.168.10.255 scope global ens33

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

    inet 192.168.10.66/32 scope global ens33# 已经配置了虚拟路由IP

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

(2) 在node2（192.168.10.7）上

[root@node2 ~]# systemctl start keepalived.service

[root@node2 ~]# systemctl status keepalived.service

● keepalived.service - LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor

   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)

   Active: active (running) since Sat 2017-07-08 06:48:36 CST; 30s ago

  Process: 14507 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/keepalived $KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

 Main PID: 14508 (keepalived)

   CGroup: /system.slice/keepalived.service

           ├─14508 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D

           ├─14509 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D

           └─14510 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D

Jul 08 06:48:36 node2 Keepalived_vrrp[14510]: Configuration is using : 62884 Bytes

Jul 08 06:48:36 node2 Keepalived_vrrp[14510]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...

Jul 08 06:48:36 node2 Keepalived_vrrp[14510]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE

																  # 启动后作为BACKUP路由器

Jul 08 06:48:36 node2 Keepalived_vrrp[14510]: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), unicast(0), fd(10,11)]

Jul 08 06:48:36 node2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[14509]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.10.7 added

Jul 08 06:48:36 node2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[14509]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector

Jul 08 06:48:36 node2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[14509]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel

Jul 08 06:48:36 node2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[14509]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Jul 08 06:48:36 node2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[14509]: Configuration is using : 7427 Bytes

Jul 08 06:48:36 node2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[14509]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...

此时VIP应该只配置在node1的ens33接口上，而不是配置在本主机（node2）的ens34接口上。

[root@node2 ~]# ip a

 ens34: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1280 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

    link/ether 00:0c:29:68:80:eb brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.10.7/24 brd 192.168.10.255 scope global ens34

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

       # BACKUP状态下没有配置VIP

3、暂停node1上的keepalived服务，测试node2节点是否会自动转变为MASTER状态

(1) 在node1（192.168.10.6）上

[root@node1 ~]# systemctl stop keepalived.service

[root@node1 ~]# tail /var/log/messages

Jul  8 06:58:20 localhost Keepalived[16723]: Stopping Keepalived v1.2.13 (11/05,2016)

											 # 关闭keepalived服务

Jul  8 06:58:20 localhost systemd: Stopping LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor...

Jul  8 06:58:20 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[16725]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) sending 0 priority

												# 将自身优先级将为0，以让其它节点接任Master

Jul  8 06:58:20 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[16725]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.

																	 # 移除VIP

Jul  8 06:58:20 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[16724]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.10.66 removed

															# VIP已经从node1上移除

Jul  8 06:58:20 localhost systemd: Stopped LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor.

查看ip地址。

[root@node1 ~]# ip a

 ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1280 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

    link/ether 00:0c:29:13:d1:d8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.10.6/24 brd 192.168.10.255 scope global ens33

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

       # node1已经移除了VIP

(2) 在node2（192.168.10.7）上

[root@node2 ~]# tail /var/log/messages

Jul  8 06:58:21 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[14510]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE

Jul  8 06:58:22 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[14510]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE

																	# node2转变为Master状态

Jul  8 06:58:22 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[14510]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.

																	# node2设置VIP

Jul  8 06:58:22 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[14510]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on ens34 for 192.168.10.66

																	# node2发送免费ARP，通告现在VIP对应的MAC地址

Jul  8 06:58:22 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[14509]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.10.66 added

Jul  8 06:58:27 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[14510]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on ens34 for 192.168.10.66

此时在node2的ens34接口上应该配置有VIP。

[root@node2 ~]# ip a

 ens34: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1280 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

    link/ether 00:0c:29:68:80:eb brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.10.7/24 brd 192.168.10.255 scope global ens34

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

    inet 192.168.10.66/32 scope global ens34# VIP

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

4、再次启动node1节点的keepalived服务，测试node1是否能够转变为Master状态，并夺回VIP

(1) 在node1（192.168.10.6）上

[root@node1 ~]# systemctl start keepalived.service

[root@node1 ~]# tail /var/log/messages

Jul  8 07:14:38 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[16778]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE

Jul  8 07:14:38 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[16778]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Received lower prio advert, forcing new election

Jul  8 07:14:39 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[16778]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE

Jul  8 07:14:39 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[16778]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.

Jul  8 07:14:39 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[16778]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on ens33 for 192.168.10.66

Jul  8 07:14:39 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[16777]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.10.66 added

Jul  8 07:14:44 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[16778]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on ens33 for 192.168.10.66

																	# node1再次发送免费ARP

[root@node1 ~]#

[root@node1 ~]#

[root@node1 ~]# ip a

 ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1280 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

    link/ether 00:0c:29:13:d1:d8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.10.6/24 brd 192.168.10.255 scope global ens33

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

    inet 192.168.10.66/32 scope global ens33	# VIP已经夺回

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

(2) 在node2（192.168.10.7）上

[root@node2 ~]# tail /var/log/messages

Jul  8 07:14:39 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[14510]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Received higher prio advert

												# node2收到node1发送的vrrp报文，发现node1的优先级比自己的高

Jul  8 07:14:39 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[14510]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE

												# node2重新返回BACKUP状态

Jul  8 07:14:39 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[14510]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.

Jul  8 07:14:39 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[14509]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.10.66 removed

															# node2将VIP移除

此时node2上应该没有配置VIP。

[root@node2 ~]# ip a

 ens34: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1280 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

    link/ether 00:0c:29:68:80:eb brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.10.7/24 brd 192.168.10.255 scope global ens34

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

测试演示完毕。

补充：

此外，也可将VIP配置在网卡别名上，例如：

# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

	...

    virtual_ipaddress {

        192.168.10.66 dev ens33 label ens33:0

    }

}

这样配置的VIP则可以通过ifconfig命令来查看。

原文链接：https://blog.51cto.com/xuweitao/1953656

配置Keepalived单实例实现单IP自动漂移接管的更多相关文章

Oracle 11g 单实例到单实例OGG同步实施文档-OGG initial load
Oracle 11g 单实例到单实例OGG同步实施文档-OGG initial load 2018-06-07 00:514730原创GoldenGate 作者: leo 本文链接:https://w ...
Oracle 11g 单实例到单实例OGG同步实施文档-RMAN 初始化
Oracle 11g 单实例到单实例OGG同步实施文档-RMAN 初始化 2018-06-07 13:455170原创GoldenGate 作者: leo 本文链接:https://www.cndba ...
Oracle 11g 单实例到单实例OGG同步实施文档-EXPDP初始化
Oracle 11g 单实例到单实例OGG同步实施文档-EXPDP初始化 2018-06-07 00:446470原创GoldenGate 作者: leo 本文链接:https://www.cndba ...
ORACLE11g R2【单实例 FS→单实例FS】
ORACLE11g R2[单实例 FS→单实例FS] 本演示案例所用环境: primary standby OS Hostname pry std OS Version RHEL6.5 RHEL6 ...
ORACLE10g R2【单实例 FS→单实例FS】
ORACLE10g R2[单实例FS→单实例FS] 本演示案例所用环境: primary standby OS Hostname pry std OS Version RHEL5.8 RHEL5. ...
DataGuard 单实例到RAC搭建
背景简介: 本文为针对一次windows平台RAC数据库迁移至Linux平台RAC的笔记,基本步骤为: 1.搭建windows RAC到Linux 单实例数据库的DataGuard 2.做switch ...
Oracle - 给rac创建单实例dg，并做主从切换
一.概述本文将介绍如何给rac搭建单节点的dg,以及如何对其进行角色转换.预先具备的知识(rac搭建,单实例-单实例dg搭建) 二.实验环境介绍主库rac(已安装rac,并已有数据库orcl)ra ...
【释疑】tp99、单实例qps
tp99 tp99的定义 tp99 (top percentile 99),指一组数据从小到大排列,处于99%位置的数据的值.例如等差数列range(1,101),tp99=99 tp99优于平均值的 ...
debian下配置keepalived ha
抄袭自http://blog.51yip.com/server/1417.html,做了一些修改可以参考http://blog.linuxphp.org/archives/1615/ 备注:NAT模 ...

随机推荐

1.0搭建 Node.js 开发环境
<搭建 Node.js 开发环境> 本课程假设大家都是在 Linux 或者 Mac 下面.至于使用 Windows 并坚持玩新技术的同学,我坚信他们一定有着过人的.甚至是不可告人的兼容性 ...
how to convert from hex to disasm
cat ascii.hex | ascii2binary -b h -t us > ascii.bin x86dis -e 0 -s att -f ascii.bin echo "d8 ...
MySQL配置(二）
上篇文章简单的讲了一下MySQL的配置,这章我在具体讲述一下我所配置的一些内容. 一.密码策略 MySQL5.7默认安装了密码安全检查的插件.默认密码检查策略要求密码必须包含:大小写字母 ...
Javascript优点和缺点
优点: 函数是顶级对象基于原型继承的动态对象对象字面量和数组字面量缺点: 全局变量作用域自动插入分号保留字 Unicode typeof parseInt + 浮点数 NaN
linux kill命令
代码 elif [ "$SIGNAL" = 'reload' ]; then kill -USR1 $PID 总结:kill -9 pid 等同于kill -USR9 pid 等同 ...
代码编译与反编译 (.py文件与.pyc文件互转)
# 将.py文件转化为.pyc文件,实现代码隐藏的需要,转化后的.pyc文件将在当前目录的__pycache__文件夹下. # .pyc文件的使用与.py文件的使用相同. .py -> .pyc ...
CentOS6.5下面OpenSSH低版本升级至7.3
升级前版本: openssl-1.0.1e-48.el6_8.1.x86_64 openssh-5.3p1-118.1.el6_8.x86_64 升级后版本: OpenSSL 1.0.2j OpenS ...
Java中使用File类删除文件夹和文件
删除工具类: import java.io.File; public class DeleteAll{ public static void deleteAll(File file){ if(file ...
linux基础重定向，用户，组，以及权限管理
一.重定向标准输出standard output1>,>> 标准错误输出standard error output22>,2>> 标准输出设备::显示器标准输入 ...
nuxt项目在windows环境下安装部署
1.nodejs安装,地址 https://nodejs.org/en/ 2.在本地项目中运行npm run build 命令将开发好的项目打包生成.nuxt文件夹,然后把.nuxt文件夹.nux ...

配置Keepalived单实例实现单IP自动漂移接管

配置Keepalived单实例实现单IP自动漂移接管的更多相关文章

随机推荐

热门专题