day72test

目录

• models模型类
• 路由配置
• 视图配置
• 序列化组件配置

基于ModelSerializer类，完成Car资源的单查，群查，单增接口

序列化：显示车名，车的颜色，车的价格，车的海报，车的品牌

反序列化：必须提供车名，车的价格，车的品牌(车的匹配需要二次确认re_brand)，车的颜色默认为银色(可以提供)，车的海报不需要提供(默认为空)

models模型类

class Car(models.Model):
    COLOR_CHOICE = (
        (0, '银色'),
        (1, '黑色'),
        (2, '红色'),
        (3, '灰色')
    )
    name = models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name='名字', blank=True)
    color = models.IntegerField(choices=COLOR_CHOICE, default=0, verbose_name='颜色')
    price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=8, decimal_places=2, verbose_name='价格')
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to='car', default='car/default.png', verbose_name='图片')
    brand = models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name='厂商')
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='创建时间')
    is_delete = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='是否删除')
<span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">Meta</span>:</span>
    verbose_name_plural = <span class="hljs-string">'汽车表'</span>

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">__str__</span><span class="hljs-params">(self)</span>:</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> self.name

<span class="hljs-comment"># 自定义序列化字段（插拔式，官方提倡使用）</span>

@property

def car_car(self):

return self.get_color_display()
@property

def img(self):

from django.conf import settings

return '%s%s%s' % (settings.BASE_URL, settings.MEDIA_URL, self.image)

路由配置

urlpatterns = [
    # ModelSerializer 序列化
    url(r'^v3/cars/$',views.CarV3View.as_view()),
    url(r'^v3/cars/(?P<pk>\d+)/$',views.CarV3View.as_view()),
]

视图配置

class CarV3View(APIView):
    # 单查群查
    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        pk = kwargs.get('pk')
        if pk:
            # 单查
            car_obj = models.Car.objects.filter(pk=pk, is_delete=False).first()
            if not car_obj:
                return Response({'status': 1, 'msg': 'geterror'}, status=400)
            car_dict = serializers.CarModelSerializer(car_obj, many=False).data
            return Response({'status': 0, 'msg': 'ok', 'results': car_dict})
        else:
            # 群查
            car_query = models.Car.objects.filter(is_delete=False).all()
            car_dict = serializers.CarModelSerializer(car_query, many=True).data
            return Response({'status': 0, 'msg': 'ok', 'results': car_dict})
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">post</span><span class="hljs-params">(self, request, *args, **kwargs)</span>:</span>
    car_obj = serializers.CarModelSerializer(data=request.data)
    <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> car_obj.is_valid():
        <span class="hljs-comment"># 入库</span>
        car_obj = car_obj.save()
        print(car_obj)
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> Response({<span class="hljs-string">'status'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'msg'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'ok'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'results'</span>: serializers.CarModelSerializer(car_obj).data})
    <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span>:
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> Response({<span class="hljs-string">'status'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'msg'</span>: car_obj.errors})</code></pre>

序列化组件配置

class CarModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    re_brand = serializers.CharField(min_length=3,max_length=8,write_only=True)
    class Meta:
        model = models.Car
        fields = ('name','car_car','img','price','brand','re_brand')
        extra_kwargs = {
            'name':{
                'min_length':3,
                'max_length':8,
                'error_messages':{
                    'min_length':'太短',
                    'max_length':'太长'
                }
            },
            'car_car':{'read_only':True,'required':False},
            'img':{'read_only':True},
        }
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">validated_username</span><span class="hljs-params">(self,value)</span>:</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> <span class="hljs-string">'SB'</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> value.lower():
        <span class="hljs-keyword">raise</span> serializers.ValidationError(<span class="hljs-string">'名字中不能含有SB'</span>)
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> value

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">validate</span><span class="hljs-params">(self, attrs)</span>:</span>
    brand = attrs.get(<span class="hljs-string">'brand'</span>)
    re_brand = attrs.pop(<span class="hljs-string">'re_brand'</span>)
    <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> re_brand != brand:
        <span class="hljs-keyword">raise</span> serializers.ValidationError({<span class="hljs-string">'re_brand'</span>:<span class="hljs-string">'两次输入不一致'</span>})
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> attrs</code></pre>