Java的selenium代码随笔（8）

Selenium截图方法一：

Selenium中截图类TakeScreenshout，这个类主要是获取浏览器窗体内的内容，不包括浏览器的菜单和桌面的任务栏区域，我们用百度首页来截图，看看截图效果。

FileUtils.copyFile(srcFile, new File("屏幕截图", time + ".png"));“屏幕截图”是我们自己创建的文件夹用来存放截图文件，此文件夹在project（工程）的更目录；

当然也是可以设置保存到其他目录下：Files.copyFile(srcFile, new File("D:\\资料图片", time + ".png"));

import java.io.File;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import com.google.common.io.Files;

import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;

import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

public class ScreenShot {

private static WebDriver driver;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver",".\\drivers\\chromedriver.exe");

driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com");
driver.manage().window().maximize();

/**
* 截屏操作
* 图片已当前时间命名
*/
SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss"); //转换时间格式
String time = dateFormat.format(Calendar.getInstance().getTime()); //获取当前时间
File srcFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE); //执行屏幕截取
Files.copyFile(srcFile, new File("屏幕截图", time + ".png")); //利用FileUtils工具类的copyFile()方法保存getScreenshotAs()返回的文件;"屏幕截图"即时保存截图的文件夹
Thread.sleep(2000);
driver.quit();

}

}

Selenium截图方法二：

Robot截屏

示例代码：（示例中的图片是保存再该工程的根目录下）

package com.sandy;

import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.awt.Robot;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

import com.google.common.io.Files;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;
import org.openqa.selenium.Point;
import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.internal.WrapsDriver;

public class ScreenShot {

private static WebDriver driver;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver",".\\drivers\\chromedriver.exe");
driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com");
driver.manage().window().maximize();
robotSnapshot();

Thread.sleep(2000);
driver.quit();

}

/**
* 截屏方法二、Robot实现截屏
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void robotSnapshot() throws Exception {
//调用截图方法
BufferedImage img = new Robot().createScreenCapture(new Rectangle(Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize()));
ImageIO.write(img, "png", new File("robot_screen01.png"));
}

Selenium截图方法三：

在测试的过程中，有时候不需要截取整个屏幕，只需要截取某个元素（或者目标区域）的图片

示例代码：

package com.sandy;

import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.awt.Robot;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

import com.google.common.io.Files;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;
import org.openqa.selenium.Point;
import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.internal.WrapsDriver;

public class ScreenShot {

private static WebDriver driver;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "E:\\eclipse_jar\\selenium_jar\\chromedriver.exe");
driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com");
driver.manage().window().maximize();

WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("su"));
elementSnapshot(element);
//System.currentTimeMillis()、Calendar.getInstance().getTimeInMillis()获取时间戳的方法
Files.copyFile(elementSnapshot(element), new File("屏幕截图", System.currentTimeMillis()+".png"));
Thread.sleep(2000);
driver.quit();

}

/**
* 部分截图（元素截图）
* 有时候需要元素的截图，不需要整个截图
* @throws Exception
*/
public static File elementSnapshot(WebElement element) throws Exception {
//创建全屏截图
File screen = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(screen);
//获取元素的高度、宽度
int width = element.getSize().getWidth();
int height = element.getSize().getHeight();

//创建一个矩形使用上面的高度，和宽度
Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(width, height);
//元素坐标
Point p = element.getLocation();
BufferedImage img = image.getSubimage(p.getX(), p.getY(), rect.width, rect.height);
ImageIO.write(img, "png", screen);
return screen;
}
}

//进行元素截图，并返回图片路径
public String PartScreenshotFilePath(WebElement element) throws Exception {
    //创建时间格式
    SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss");
    Date date = new Date();
    //创建全屏截图
    File fullScreenShot = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
    BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(fullScreenShot);
    //获取元素的高度、宽度
    int width = element.getSize().getWidth();
    int height = element.getSize().getHeight();
    //创建一个矩形使用上面的高度，和宽度
    Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(width, height);
    //元素坐标
    Point p = element.getLocation();
    BufferedImage img = image.getSubimage(p.getX(), p.getY(), rect.width, rect.height);
    File partScreenShot = new File("ScreenShots", simpleDateFormat.format(date)+".png");
    ImageIO.write(img, "png", partScreenShot);
    //获取截图文件路径
    String ScreenshotFilePath = partScreenShot.getPath();
    return ScreenshotFilePath;
}

//对两次的截图进行对比
public boolean ScreenshotCompare(String oldScreenshotPath, String newScreenshotPath) throws IOException {
    //实例化截图文件
    File oldFile = new File(oldScreenshotPath);
    File newFile = new File(newScreenshotPath);
    //读取截图文件
    BufferedImage bOldFile = ImageIO.read(oldFile);
    BufferedImage bNewFile = ImageIO.read(newFile);
    //存储截图文件数据
    DataBuffer dOldFile = bOldFile.getData().getDataBuffer();
    DataBuffer dNewFile = bNewFile.getData().getDataBuffer();
    //获取截图文件尺寸
    int oldFileSize = dOldFile.getSize();
    int newFileSize = dNewFile.getSize();
    //截图文件进行对比
    boolean matchFlag = true;
    if (oldFileSize == newFileSize) {
        for (int i = 0; i < oldFileSize; i++) {
            if (dOldFile.getElem(i) != dNewFile.getElem(i)) {
                matchFlag=false;
                break;
            }
        }
    } else {
        matchFlag=false;
    }
    return  matchFlag;
}