opengl 学习 02

opengl 学习 之 02 lesson

简介

绘制三角形，然后加载shader，改变三角形的颜色

link

http://www.opengl-tutorial.org/uncategorized/2017/06/07/website-update/

GLSL

渲染语言：Shaders are programmed in a language called GLSL

GLSL需要被编译在运行时，意味着每时每刻你加载你的程序，你的shaders会被重新编译。

种类

一种 Vertex Shader，顶点着色器

另一种 Fragment Shader，碎片着色器

code

// Include standard headers
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

// Include GLEW
#include <GL/glew.h>

// Include GLFW
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
GLFWwindow* window;

// Include GLM
#include <glm/glm.hpp>
using namespace glm;

#include <common/shader.hpp>

int main( void )
{
	// Initialise GLFW
	if( !glfwInit() )
	{
		fprintf( stderr, "Failed to initialize GLFW\n" );
		getchar();
		return -1;
	}

	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_SAMPLES, 4);
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE); // To make MacOS happy; should not be needed
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);

	// Open a window and create its OpenGL context
	window = glfwCreateWindow( 1024, 768, "Tutorial 02 - Red triangle", NULL, NULL);
	if( window == NULL ){
		fprintf( stderr, "Failed to open GLFW window. If you have an Intel GPU, they are not 3.3 compatible. Try the 2.1 version of the tutorials.\n" );
		getchar();
		glfwTerminate();
		return -1;
	}
	glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);

	// Initialize GLEW
	glewExperimental = true; // Needed for core profile
	if (glewInit() != GLEW_OK) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to initialize GLEW\n");
		getchar();
		glfwTerminate();
		return -1;
	}

	// Ensure we can capture the escape key being pressed below
	glfwSetInputMode(window, GLFW_STICKY_KEYS, GL_TRUE);

	// Dark blue background
	glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.4f, 0.0f);

	GLuint VertexArrayID;
	glGenVertexArrays(1, &VertexArrayID);
	glBindVertexArray(VertexArrayID);

	// Create and compile our GLSL program from the shaders
	GLuint programID = LoadShaders( "SimpleVertexShader.vertexshader", "SimpleFragmentShader.fragmentshader" );

	static const GLfloat g_vertex_buffer_data[] = {
		-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f,
		 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f,
		 0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
	};

	GLuint vertexbuffer;
	glGenBuffers(1, &vertexbuffer);
	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexbuffer);
	glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(g_vertex_buffer_data), g_vertex_buffer_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

	do{

		// Clear the screen
		glClear( GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT );

		// Use our shader
		glUseProgram(programID);

		// 1rst attribute buffer : vertices
		glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
		glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexbuffer);
		glVertexAttribPointer(
			0,                  // attribute 0. No particular reason for 0, but must match the layout in the shader.
			3,                  // size
			GL_FLOAT,           // type
			GL_FALSE,           // normalized?
			0,                  // stride
			(void*)0            // array buffer offset
		);

		// Draw the triangle !
		glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3); // 3 indices starting at 0 -> 1 triangle

		glDisableVertexAttribArray(0);

		// Swap buffers
		glfwSwapBuffers(window);
		glfwPollEvents();

	} // Check if the ESC key was pressed or the window was closed
	while( glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE ) != GLFW_PRESS &&
		   glfwWindowShouldClose(window) == 0 );

	// Cleanup VBO
	glDeleteBuffers(1, &vertexbuffer);
	glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &VertexArrayID);
	glDeleteProgram(programID);

	// Close OpenGL window and terminate GLFW
	glfwTerminate();

	return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <sstream>
using namespace std;

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#include <GL/glew.h>

#include "shader.hpp"

GLuint LoadShaders(const char * vertex_file_path,const char * fragment_file_path){

	// Create the shaders
	GLuint VertexShaderID = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
	GLuint FragmentShaderID = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);

	// Read the Vertex Shader code from the file
	std::string VertexShaderCode;
	std::ifstream VertexShaderStream(vertex_file_path, std::ios::in);
	if(VertexShaderStream.is_open()){
		std::stringstream sstr;
		sstr << VertexShaderStream.rdbuf();
		VertexShaderCode = sstr.str();
		VertexShaderStream.close();
	}else{
		printf("Impossible to open %s. Are you in the right directory ? Don't forget to read the FAQ !\n", vertex_file_path);
		getchar();
		return 0;
	}

	// Read the Fragment Shader code from the file
	std::string FragmentShaderCode;
	std::ifstream FragmentShaderStream(fragment_file_path, std::ios::in);
	if(FragmentShaderStream.is_open()){
		std::stringstream sstr;
		sstr << FragmentShaderStream.rdbuf();
		FragmentShaderCode = sstr.str();
		FragmentShaderStream.close();
	}

	GLint Result = GL_FALSE;
	int InfoLogLength;

	// Compile Vertex Shader
	printf("Compiling shader : %s\n", vertex_file_path);
	char const * VertexSourcePointer = VertexShaderCode.c_str();
	glShaderSource(VertexShaderID, 1, &VertexSourcePointer , NULL);
	glCompileShader(VertexShaderID);

	// Check Vertex Shader
	glGetShaderiv(VertexShaderID, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &Result);
	glGetShaderiv(VertexShaderID, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &InfoLogLength);
	if ( InfoLogLength > 0 ){
		std::vector<char> VertexShaderErrorMessage(InfoLogLength+1);
		glGetShaderInfoLog(VertexShaderID, InfoLogLength, NULL, &VertexShaderErrorMessage[0]);
		printf("%s\n", &VertexShaderErrorMessage[0]);
	}

	// Compile Fragment Shader
	printf("Compiling shader : %s\n", fragment_file_path);
	char const * FragmentSourcePointer = FragmentShaderCode.c_str();
	glShaderSource(FragmentShaderID, 1, &FragmentSourcePointer , NULL);
	glCompileShader(FragmentShaderID);

	// Check Fragment Shader
	glGetShaderiv(FragmentShaderID, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &Result);
	glGetShaderiv(FragmentShaderID, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &InfoLogLength);
	if ( InfoLogLength > 0 ){
		std::vector<char> FragmentShaderErrorMessage(InfoLogLength+1);
		glGetShaderInfoLog(FragmentShaderID, InfoLogLength, NULL, &FragmentShaderErrorMessage[0]);
		printf("%s\n", &FragmentShaderErrorMessage[0]);
	}

	// Link the program
	printf("Linking program\n");
	GLuint ProgramID = glCreateProgram();
	glAttachShader(ProgramID, VertexShaderID);
	glAttachShader(ProgramID, FragmentShaderID);
	glLinkProgram(ProgramID);

	// Check the program
	glGetProgramiv(ProgramID, GL_LINK_STATUS, &Result);
	glGetProgramiv(ProgramID, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &InfoLogLength);
	if ( InfoLogLength > 0 ){
		std::vector<char> ProgramErrorMessage(InfoLogLength+1);
		glGetProgramInfoLog(ProgramID, InfoLogLength, NULL, &ProgramErrorMessage[0]);
		printf("%s\n", &ProgramErrorMessage[0]);
	}

	glDetachShader(ProgramID, VertexShaderID);
	glDetachShader(ProgramID, FragmentShaderID);

	glDeleteShader(VertexShaderID);
	glDeleteShader(FragmentShaderID);

	return ProgramID;
}

#version 330 core

// Input vertex data, different for all executions of this shader.
layout(location = 0) in vec3 vertexPosition_modelspace;

void main(){

    gl_Position.xyz = vertexPosition_modelspace;
    gl_Position.w = 1.0;

}

#version 330 core

// Ouput data
out vec3 color;

void main()
{

	// Output color = red
	color = vec3(1,0,0);

}

程序说明

程序包含一个 核心程序和解析shader的程序和shader