drf初体验

快速开始

安装

pip install djangorestframework

　　

创建django项目

django-admin startproject mydrf

　　

创建APP

cd mydrf
python3 manage.py startapp app01

　　

配置文件修改(settings.py)

INSTALLED_APPS = [
   ...
    'rest_framework',
    'app01',
]

#对于匿名只读
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    # Use Django's standard `django.contrib.auth` permissions,
    # or allow read-only access for unauthenticated users.
    'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework.permissions.DjangoModelPermissionsOrAnonReadOnly'
    ]
}

　　

创建数据库表(app01下的models.py)

class IDC(models.Model):
    '''机房'''
    name = models.CharField(max_length=64, unique=True)
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class Host(models.Model):
    hostname = models.CharField(max_length=64,unique=True)
    ip_addr = models.GenericIPAddressField()
    port = models.SmallIntegerField(default=22)
    idc = models.ForeignKey('IDC',blank=True,null=True)
    system_type_choices = ((0,'Linux'),(1,'Windows'))
    system_type = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=system_type_choices,default=0)
    memo = models.CharField(max_length=128,blank=True,null=True)
    enabled = models.BooleanField(default=1,verbose_name="启用本机")

    class Meta:
        unique_together = ('ip_addr','port')
        verbose_name = "主机表"
    def __str__(self):
        return "%s(%s)"%( self.hostname,self.ip_addr)

　　

serialize配置（序列化，返回json格式，在app01下新建rest_serialize.py）

from app01 import models
from rest_framework import serializers
class IDCSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.IDC
        fields = ('name',) #需要返回的字段

class HostSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Host
        fields = ('id','hostname','ip_addr','port','idc','system_type','memo','enabled')

　　

视图配置(app01下新建rest_view.py)

from rest_framework import viewsets
from app01 import models
from app01 import rest_serializer

class IDCViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = models.IDC.objects.all()
    serializer_class = rest_serializer.IDCSerializer

class HostViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = models.Host.objects.all()
    serializer_class = rest_serializer.HostSerializer

　　

url配置

from rest_framework import routers
from app01 import rest_viewset
from django.conf.urls import url,include
router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'idc',rest_viewset.IDCViewSet)
router.register(r'host',rest_viewset.HostViewSet)

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^', include(router.urls)),
    url(r'^api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls', namespace='rest_framework'))
]

　　

数据库里随便加点数据，启动django测试

访问http://127.0.0.1:8000/idc/

访问http://127.0.0.1:8000/host/

个人感觉drf的应用场景在前后端分离时，通过json格式交互数据，不用涉及模板渲染等