Linux服务器软件安装备忘

1.Centos安装Mysql

 --安装
 yum install mysql-server   卸载 yum -e mysql-server
 --设置为开机启动
 chkconfig mysqld on
 --启动mysql
 service mysqld start
 --设置root密码
 mysqladmin -u root password 'xxx'
 #双机热备
 GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'backup'@'192.168.1.33' IDENTIFIED BY 'backup_xxx';
 #一般账号
 --GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'username'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
 flush privileges;
 乱码：
 [mysqld]
 #add
 default-character-set = utf8
 character-set-server = utf8
 collation-server = utf8_general_ci
 init_connect = 'SET collation_connection = utf_general_ci'
 init_connect = 'SET NAMES utf8'
 [mysqld_safe]

2.安装Redis

wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-2.8.7.tar.gz  or  http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-2.6.17.tar.gz
tar -zvxf xxx
configure
make && make install  

3.启动memcached

memcached -d -m 100 -u root -p 11211 -P /tmp/memcached.pid

4.防火墙：

 Iptables:
 启动iptables
 service iptables start
 iptables --list //*查看iptables规则集*//
 下面是没有定义规划时iptables的样子:
 Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
 target     prot opt source               destination
 Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
 target     prot opt source               destination
 Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
 target     prot opt source               destination
 如何开启/关闭指定端口
 例如:
 开启81端口：
 iptables -I INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 81 -j ACCEPT
 iptables  -I OUTPUT -o eth0 -p tcp --sport 81 -j ACCEPT
 关闭81端口：
 iptables -I INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 81 -j DROP
 iptables -I OUTPUT -o eth0 -p tcp --sport 81 -j DROP
 然后保存
 /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables save
 你可以使用lsof命令来查看某一端口是否开放.查看端口可以这样来使用.
 我就以81端口为例：
 lsof -i:81
 如果有显示说明已经开放了.如果没有显示说明没有开放

5.环境变量

 Tomcat JVM配置--catalina.bat/catalina.sh
 windows
 set JAVA_OPTS = -Xmx512m -Xms512m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m
 linux
 JAVA_OPTS ="-server -Xmx400m -Xms400m -Xmn128m -XX:MaxPermSize=128m -XX:PermSize=128m"

6.项目直接访问

 【Tomcat直接访问项目--去掉访问路径上的项目名称】
 修改Tomcat_Home/conf/server.xml
 <Host> 下添加  <Context path="" docBase="项目路径" reloadable="true" />
 path为访问路径，与request.getContextPath()返回值一样。

7.Nginx配置：

安装 pcre-devel openssl-devel

 http{
  #...
  gzip on;
  gzip_min_length 1k;
  gzip_buffers 16 64k;
  gzip_http_version 1.1;
  gzip_comp_level 4;
  gzip_types text/plain text/css application/xml image/png; #...
  gzip_vary on;
  sendfile   on;
  client_max_body_size 1024m;#附件上传
     upstream e_learning{
         server 192.168.1.30:8080;
         server 192.168.1.31:8080;
         ip_hash;
     }
     server{
         listen      80;
         server_name 192.168.1.34;
         index       index.jsp;
         location / {
             index   index.jsp;
             proxy_pass  http://e_learning;
             proxy_set_header    Host    $host;
             proxy_set_header    X-Real_IP   $remote_addr;
             proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
         }
         location ^~ /upload/ {
             expires 10d;
             root    /var/e_learning;
         }
         location ^~ /vod {
             proxy_pass http://192.168.1.36:1935/vod/;
             proxy_set_header    Host    $host;
             proxy_set_header    X-Real_IP   $remote_addr;
             proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
         }
         location ~*\.(gif|jpg|png|js|css)$ {
             expires 10d;
             proxy_pass  http://e_learning;
             proxy_set_header    Host    $host;
             proxy_set_header    X-Real_IP   $remote_addr;
             proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
         }
     }
 }