python3和pip3安装和问题解决

python3安装前，最好先安装下依赖包：

yum install -y openssl-devel

yum install -y openssl

yum install -y zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel

$ yum install gcc -y

$ yum install zlib zlib-devel -y

 

$ wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.2/Python-3.6.2rc1.tgz

$ tar zxvf Python-3.6.2rc1.tgz

$ cd Python-3.6.2rc1/

把Python3.6安装到 /usr/local 目录

$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local

$ make

$ make install

最后提示：Successfully installed pip-9.0.1 setuptools-28.8.0

$ ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python3

$ ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python #最好不要把原本的旧版python覆盖掉。

 

在使用pip3.6安装模块的时候出现如下错误。

[root@zabbix Python-3.6.2rc1]# pip install ansible
pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
Collecting ansible
  Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.",)': /simple/ansible/
  Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.",)': /simple/ansible/
  Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.",)': /simple/ansible/
  Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.",)': /simple/ansible/
  Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.",)': /simple/ansible/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/ansible/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/ansible/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.",)) - skipping
  Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement ansible (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for ansible
pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/pip/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/pip/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.",)) - skipping
[root@zabbix Python-3.6.2rc1]#

　　

　　从错误提示来看是缺少了ssl模块，centos下的解决方案...

yum install openssl
yum install openssl-devel -y

如果还是不行：

1.安装ssl
sudo apt-get install openssl

sudo apt-get install libssl-dev

2. 修改Moudles/Setup  (该目录在python的解压目录下)

vim Modules/Setup
#修改结果如下：
# Socket module helper for socket(2)
_socket socketmodule.c timemodule.c

# Socket module helper for SSL support; you must comment out the other
# socket line above, and possibly edit the SSL variable:
#SSL=/usr/local/ssl
_ssl _ssl.c \
-DUSE_SSL -I$(SSL)/include -I$(SSL)/include/openssl \
-L$(SSL)/lib -lssl -lcrypto

3.重新安装一次
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python
make
make install

4.测试是否SSL可用
python3 
>>> import ssl

　python3安装后一般会自带pip3，如果没有，就自己安装：

去https://pypi.org/project/pip/下载最新版的pip-10.0.1.tar.gz

解压tar -xf pip-10.0.1.tar.gz

进入文件夹运行：

python setup.py install

如果实在还是有问题，就重新安装python3.6