django restframework 快速入门

django restframework 快速入门

基本流程

1. 建立 Models
2. 依靠 Serialiers 将数据库取出的数据 Parse 为 API 的数据（可用于返回给客户端，也可用于浏览器显示）
3. ViewSet 是一个 views 的集合，根据客户端的请求（GET、POST等），返回 Serialiers 处理的数据 权限 Premissions 也在这一步做处理
4. ViewSet 可在 Routers 进行注册，注册后会显示在 Api Root 页上
   
   在 urls 里注册 ViewSet 生成的 view，指定监听的 url

1 安装

pip install django
pip install djangorestframework

2 创建项目和启动APP

django-admin.py startproject tutorial .  # Note the trailing '.' character
cd tutorial
django-admin.py startapp quickstart

使用pycharm的话这些命令都是不用手动去敲的,但是你要会这些知识

3 同步数据库和创建django admin用户

python manage.py migrate
python manage.py createsuperuser --email admin@example.com --username admin

4 序列器

from django.contrib.auth.models import User, Group
from rest_framework import serializers

class UserSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('url', 'username', 'email', 'groups')

class GroupSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Group
        fields = ('url', 'name')

显示超连接，继承serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer,model那个表,fields是要序列那些字段

5 views视图

from django.contrib.auth.models import User, Group
from rest_framework import viewsets
from tutorial.quickstart.serializers import UserSerializer, GroupSerializer

class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    API endpoint that allows users to be viewed or edited.
    """
    queryset = User.objects.all().order_by('-date_joined')
    serializer_class = UserSerializer

class GroupViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    API endpoint that allows groups to be viewed or edited.
    """
    queryset = Group.objects.all()
    serializer_class = GroupSerializer

6 路由 urls

from django.conf.urls import url, include
from rest_framework import routers
from tutorial.quickstart import views

# 下面是自动配置urls
router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'users', views.UserViewSet)
router.register(r'groups', views.GroupViewSet)

# Wire up our API using automatic URL routing.
# Additionally, we include login URLs for the browsable API.
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^', include(router.urls)),
    url(r'^api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls', namespace='rest_framework'))

]

7 settings

INSTALLED_APPS = (
    ...
    'rest_framework',
)

启动一下server吧

python manage.py runserver

结果

浏览器访问 http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/