第8章—使用Spring Web Flow—Spring Web Flow的配置

Spring中配置Web Flow

Spring Web Flow 是 Spring 的一个子项目，其最主要的目的是解决跨越多个请求的、用户与服务器之间的、有状态交互问题，比较适合任何比较复杂的、有状态的、需要在多个页面之间跳转的业务过程。

最常见的流程就是购物的流程了:

加入购物车-->查看购物车-->提交订单-->付款-->返回首页:

项目结构如图所示:(由于是jsp之间互相的跳转,我们这边没有加入java文件夹)

相关代码如下所示:

mvc-dispatcher.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 配置包扫描器 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.wrh.controller"/>
    <!-- 配置注解驱动 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <import resource="webmvc-config.xml"/>
    <import resource="webflow-config.xml"/>
</beans>

webflow-config.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:webflow="http://www.springframework.org/schema/webflow-config"
       xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/webflow-config
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/webflow-config/spring-webflow-config-2.0.xsd">
    <!-- 装配流程执行期：为用户创建和启动一个流程执行实例，不负责加载流程定义-->
    <webflow:flow-executor id="flowExecutor" />
    <!-- 配置流程注册表，其功能为：负责加载流程定义-->
    <!-- 所有 flow的定义文件它的位置在这里进行配置， flow-builder-services 用于配置 flow 的特性 -->
    <webflow:flow-registry id="flowRegistry" flow-builder-services="flowBuilderServices">
        <webflow:flow-location path="/WEB-INF/flows/shopping.xml" id="shopping" />
        <!-- 在这个声明中，流程注册表会在该path下查找流程定义-->
    </webflow:flow-registry>
    <!--Web Flow 中的视图通过 MVC 框架的视图技术来呈现 -->
    <webflow:flow-builder-services id="flowBuilderServices" view-factory-creator="mvcViewFactoryCreator" />
    <!-- 指明 MVC 框架的 view resolver ，用于通过 view 名查找资源 -->
    <bean id="mvcViewFactoryCreator" class="org.springframework.webflow.mvc.builder.MvcViewFactoryCreator">
        <property name="viewResolvers" ref="viewResolver" />
    </bean>
</beans>

webmvc-config.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
        xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <bean id="viewResolver"
          class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass"
                  value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
    <!--此配置与下面没有注释掉的代码功能一样
    <bean id="flowHandlerMapping" class="org.springframework.webflow.mvc.servlet.FlowHandlerMapping">
        <property name="flowRegistry" ref="flowRegistry"/>
        <property name="defaultHandler">
            <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.UrlFilenameViewController" />
        </property>

    </bean>
    <bean id="flowHandlerAdapter" class="org.springframework.webflow.mvc.servlet.FlowHandlerAdapter">
        <property name="flowExecutor" ref="flowExecutor"/>
    </bean>

    -->
    <bean id="viewMappings"
          class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
        <!-- /shopping.do 请求由 flowController 来处理 -->
        <property name="mappings">
            <props>
                <prop key="/shopping.do">flowController</prop>
            </props>
            <!--<value> /shopping.do=flowController </value>-->
        </property>
        <property name="defaultHandler">
            <!-- UrlFilenameViewController 会将 "/index" 这样的请求映射成名为 "index" 的视图 -->
            <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.UrlFilenameViewController" />
        </property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="flowController" class="org.springframework.webflow.mvc.servlet.FlowController">
        <property name="flowExecutor" ref="flowExecutor" />
    </bean>

</beans>

shopping.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<flow xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/webflow"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/webflow
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/webflow/spring-webflow-2.0.xsd">
    <!-- view-state中的view对应jsp文件夹中的jsp页面，on是触发事件，to对应state id -->
    <!-- 根据排在第一位的顺序来执行 -->
    <view-state id="viewCart" view="viewCart">
        <transition on="submit" to="viewOrder">
        </transition>
    </view-state>
    <view-state id="viewOrder" view="viewOrder">
        <transition on="confirm" to="orderConfirmed">
        </transition>
    </view-state>
    <view-state id="orderConfirmed" view="orderConfirmed">
        <transition on="returnToIndex" to="returnToIndex">
        </transition>
    </view-state>
    <end-state id="returnToIndex" view="externalRedirect:/index.jsp">
    </end-state>
</flow>

orderConfirmed.jsp:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
    <title>Cart Application</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Order Confirmed</h1>
<a href="${flowExecutionUrl}&_eventId=returnToIndex">Return to
    index</a>
</body>
</html>

viewCart.jsp:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
    <title>Cart Application</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>View Cart</h1>
<a href="${flowExecutionUrl}&_eventId=submit">Submit</a>

</body>
</html>

viewOrder.jsp:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
    <title>Cart Application</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Order</h1>
<a href="${flowExecutionUrl}&_eventId=confirm">Confirm</a>
</body>
</html>

web.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">

  <display-name>winner-test Web Application</display-name>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!--指定了核心配置文件的位置 -->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:mvc-dispatcher.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

index.jsp:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
    <title>Cart Application</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello!</h1>
<br />
<a href="shopping.do">View Cart</a>
</body>
</html>

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.wrh</groupId>
  <artifactId>springwebflow</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>springwebflow Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.webflow</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webflow</artifactId>
      <version>2.4.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
      <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-web -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
          <version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
      </dependency>
      <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
          <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
          <version>1.2</version>
      </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>springwebflow</finalName>
  </build>
</project>