【转载】Java下利用Jackson进行JSON解析和序列化

参考资料：

https://blog.csdn.net/sdut406/article/details/85647982

Java下常见的Json类库有Gson、JSON-lib和Jackson等，Jackson相对来说比较高效，在项目中主要使用Jackson进行JSON和Java对象转换，下面给出一些Jackson的JSON操作方法。

一、准备工作

Jackson有1.x系列和2.x系列，2.x系列有3个jar包需要下载：
jackson-core-2.2.3.jar（核心jar包）
jackson-annotations-2.2.3.jar（该包提供Json注解支持）
jackson-databind-2.2.3.jar

一个maven依赖就够了

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
    <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
    <version>2.5.3</version>
</dependency>

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import java.util.Date;

/**
 * JSON序列化和反序列化使用的User类
 */
public class User {

    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private Date birthday;
    private String email;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", birthday=" + birthday +
                ", email='" + email + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

二、JAVA对象转JSON[JSON序列化]

import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;

public class JacksonDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException, IOException {
        User user = new User();
        user.setName("zhangsan");
        user.setEmail("zhangsan@163.com");
        user.setAge(20);

        SimpleDateFormat dateformat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
        user.setBirthday(dateformat.parse("1996-10-01"));

        /**
         * ObjectMapper是JSON操作的核心，Jackson的所有JSON操作都是在ObjectMapper中实现。
         * ObjectMapper有多个JSON序列化的方法，可以把JSON字符串保存File、OutputStream等不同的介质中。
         * writeValue(File arg0, Object arg1)把arg1转成json序列，并保存到arg0文件中。
         * writeValue(OutputStream arg0, Object arg1)把arg1转成json序列，并保存到arg0输出流中。
         * writeValueAsBytes(Object arg0)把arg0转成json序列，并把结果输出成字节数组。
         * writeValueAsString(Object arg0)把arg0转成json序列，并把结果输出成字符串。
         */
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

        //User类转JSON
        //输出结果：{"name":"zhangsan","age":20,"birthday":844099200000,"email":"zhangsan@163.com"}
        String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(user);
        System.out.println(json);

        //Java集合转JSON
        //输出结果：[{"name":"zhangsan","age":20,"birthday":844099200000,"email":"zhangsan@163.com"}]
        List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
        users.add(user);
        String jsonlist = mapper.writeValueAsString(users);
        System.out.println(jsonlist);
    }
}

三、JSON转Java类[JSON反序列化]

public class JacksonDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException, IOException {
        String json = "{\"name\":\"zhangsan\",\"age\":20,\"birthday\":844099200000,\"email\":\"zhangsan@163.com\"}";
        /**
         * ObjectMapper支持从byte[]、File、InputStream、字符串等数据的JSON反序列化。
         */
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        User user = mapper.readValue(json, User.class);
        System.out.println(user);
    }
}

结果

User{name='zhangsan', age=20, birthday=Tue Oct 01 00:00:00 CST 1996, email='zhangsan@163.com'}

public class JacksonDemo {

    public static ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException, IOException {
        String json = "[{\"name\":\"zhangsan\",\"age\":20,\"birthday\":844099200000,\"email\":\"zhangsan@163.com\"}]";
        List<User> beanList = mapper.readValue(json, new TypeReference<List<User>>() {});
        System.out.println(beanList);
    }

}

结果

[User{name='zhangsan', age=20, birthday=Tue Oct 01 00:00:00 CST 1996, email='zhangsan@163.com'}]

四、JSON注解

Jackson提供了一系列注解，方便对JSON序列化和反序列化进行控制，下面介绍一些常用的注解。
@JsonIgnore 此注解用于属性上，作用是进行JSON操作时忽略该属性。
@JsonFormat 此注解用于属性上，作用是把Date类型直接转化为想要的格式，如@JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH-mm-ss")。
@JsonProperty 此注解用于属性上，作用是把该属性的名称序列化为另外一个名称，如把trueName属性序列化为name，@JsonProperty("name")。

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;

import java.util.Date;

/**
 * JSON序列化和反序列化使用的User类
 */
public class User {

    private String name;

    //不JSON序列化年龄属性
    @JsonIgnore
    private Integer age;

    //格式化日期属性
    @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy年MM月dd日")
    private Date birthday;

    //序列化email属性为mail
    @JsonProperty("my_email")
    private String email;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", birthday=" + birthday +
                ", email='" + email + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

public class JacksonDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException, IOException {
        User user = new User();
        user.setName("zhangsan");
        user.setEmail("zhangsan@163.com");
        user.setAge(20);

        SimpleDateFormat dateformat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
        user.setBirthday(dateformat.parse("1996-10-01"));

        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(user);
        System.out.println(json);
    }
}

{"name":"zhangsan","birthday":"1996年09月30日","my_email":"zhangsan@163.com"}