leetcode --binary tree
1. 求深度:
recursive 遍历左右子树,递归跳出时每次加一。
int maxDepth(node * root)
{
if(roor==NULL)
return 0;
int leftdepth=maxDepth(root->leftchild);
int rightdepth=maxDepth(root->rightchild);
if(leftdepth>=rightdepth)
return leftdepth+1;
else
return rightdepth+1;
}
2. 广度搜索
使用队列
class Solution {
public:
vector<vector<int>> levelOrderBottom(TreeNode* root) {
vector<vector<int>> result;
if(!root)
return result;
int i=0;
queue<TreeNode *> q;
q.push(root);
while(!q.empty())
{
int c=q.size();
vector <int> t;
for(int i=0;i<c;i++)
{
TreeNode *temp;
temp=q.front();
q.pop();
t.push_back(temp->val);
if(temp->left)
q.push(temp->left);
if(temp->right)
q.push(temp->right);
}
result.push_back(t);
}
reverse(result.begin(),result.end());
return result;
}
};
3. 二叉查找树
由于二叉查找树是递归定义的,插入结点的过程是:若原二叉查找树为空,则直接插入;否则,若关键字 k 小于根结点关键字,则插入到左子树中,若关键字 k 大于根结点关键字,则插入到右子树中。
/**
* 插入:将关键字k插入到二叉查找树
*/
int BST_Insert(BSTree &T, int k, Node* parent=NULL)
{
if(T == NULL)
{
T = (BSTree)malloc(sizeof(Node));
T->key = k;
T->left = NULL;
T->right = NULL;
T->parent = parent;
return 1; // 返回1表示成功
}
else if(k == T->key)
return 0; // 树中存在相同关键字
else if(k < T->key)
return BST_Insert(T->left, k, T);
else
return BST_Insert(T->right, k, T);
}
构造二叉查找树:
/**
* 构造:用数组arr[]创建二叉查找树
*/
void Create_BST(BSTree &T, int arr[], int n)
{
T = NULL; // 初始时为空树
for(int i=0; i<n; ++i)
BST_Insert(T, arr[i]);
}
构造平衡二叉查找树:
每次找中间值插入:
class Solution {
public:
int insertTree(TreeNode * & tree, int a)
{
if(!tree)
{
// cout<<a<<endl;
tree=new TreeNode(a);
tree->left=NULL;
tree->right=NULL;
return 0;
}
if(a<tree->val)
{
return insertTree(tree->left,a);
}
else
return insertTree(tree->right,a);
}
int createBST(vector<int> &nums, int i,int j,TreeNode* &t)
{
if(i<=j&&j<nums.size())
{
int mid=i+(j-i)/2;
cout<<mid<<" "<<nums[mid]<<endl;
insertTree(t,nums[mid]);
createBST(nums,i,mid-1,t);
createBST(nums,mid+1,j,t);
}
return 0;
}
TreeNode* sortedArrayToBST(vector<int>& nums) {
if(nums.size()==0)
return NULL;
TreeNode *r=NULL;
createBST(nums,0,nums.size()-1,r);
/*
int i,j;
for(i=0, j=nums.size()-1;i<=mid-1 && j>=mid+1;)
{
cout<<i<<" "<<j<<endl;
insertTree(r,nums[i]);
i++;
insertTree(r,nums[j]);
j--;
}
if(i!=j)
{
if(i==mid-1)
{
cout<<nums[i]<<endl;
insertTree(r,nums[i]);
}
if(j==0)
{
cout<<nums[j]<<endl;
insertTree(r,nums[j]);
}
}
*/
return r;
}
};
不好,相当于每次从头遍历一次树, 没有必要。因为小的中间值直接插左边,大的中间值直接插右边
class Solution {
private:
TreeNode* helper(vector<int>& nums,int start,int end){
if(end<=start){
return NULL;
}
int mid = start + (end-start)/2;
TreeNode* root = new TreeNode(nums[mid]);
root->left = helper(nums,start,mid);
root->right = helper(nums,mid+1,end);
return root;
}
public:
TreeNode* sortedArrayToBST(vector<int>& nums) {
return helper(nums,0,nums.size());
}
};
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