nginx配置负载
一.系统优化
1、修改/etc/sysctl.conf，优化tcp连接数
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 1200
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 8192
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 5000
2、修改/etc/security/limits.conf，修改最大文件打开数为65535
添加如下两行：
* soft nofile 65535
* hard nofile 65535
* soft nproc 16384
* hard nproc 16384
二.安装JDK
chmod +x jdk-6u38-linux-x64.bin
# ./jdk-6u38-linux-x64.bin
#添加环境变量
# vi /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/kjt/java/jdk1.6.0_38
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
#使环境变量生效
# source /etc/profile
#查看java版本
# java -version
java version "1.6.0_38"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_27-b07)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 20.2-b06, mixed mode)
三.安装Tomcat
1、确保防火墙已关闭
#service iptables stop
#chkconfig iptables off
#vi /etc/selinux/config
selinux=disabled
2、安装tomcat
# tar zxvf apache-tomcat-6.0.36.tar.gz
# cd apache-tomcat-6.0.36
#修改/bin/catalina.sh，在cygwin=false前加路径
export JAVA_HOME=/kjt/java/jdk1.6.0_38/
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export TOMCAT_HOME=/kjt/java/apache-tomcat-6.0.36
export CATALINA_HOME=/kjt/java/apache-tomcat-6.0.36
export CATALINA_BASE=/kjt/java/apache-tomcat-6.0.36
3、修改/conf/server.xml，做tomcat线程池优化
<Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="15000" maxThreads="500" minSpareThreads="50" maxSpareTheads="250" maxProcessors="600"
acceptCount="1000" enableLookups="false" compression="on"
redirectPort="8443" URIEncoding="utf-8" useBodyEncodingForURI="true"/>
<!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool-->
4、启动tomcat
cd /kjt/java/apache-tomcat-6.0.35/bin
./startup
5、查看tomcat进程
ps –ef|grep tomcat
四.Nginx配置
1.确定Nginx所需pcre库、openssl库等依赖包已经安装，若没有安装，安装nginx过程中将报错。
2.安装Nginx
tar zxvf nginx-1.0.15.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.0.15/
./configure --prefix=/kjt/app/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
make
make install
3.Nginx配置文件如下：
4.测试配置文件
/kjt/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
显示以下信息为正确的
the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
5、启动nginx服务
/kjt/app/nginx/sbin/nginx
6、查看nginx进程
ps -ef|grep nginx
五.安装配置Keepalived
1、安装keepalived
tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz
cd keepalived-1.2.7
./configure --prefix=/kjt/app/keepalived
make
make install
2、将keepalived设置为开机启动
cp /kjt/app/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/
cp/kjt/app/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
cp /kjt/app/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
chkconfig --add keepalived
chkconfig keepalived on
3.修改配置文件为以下内容:
mkdir /etc/keepalived
cp /kjt/app/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id Nginx_Id_1
}
vrrp_script Monitor_Nginx {
script "/kjt/app/keepalived/etc/keepalived/samples/monitor_nginx.sh
" #脚本存放位置
interval 2 #检查间隔为2秒
weight 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state
BACKUP #设置nopreempt，表示之前挂掉的master重新恢复后不再切换为master，直接成为BACKUP，nopreempt只能配置在BACKUP状态下
nopreempt
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100 #优先级较高的成为MASTER
advert_int 5 #健康检查间隔为5秒
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass kjt2013
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.46.86.60
}
track_script {
Monitor_Nginx
}
}
注：monitor_nginx.sh为监控nginx进程的脚本,内容如下：当检测到nginx主进程挂掉之后，系统将自动重启nginx，若nginx主进程重启失败，延迟5秒后杀掉keepalived进程，进行切换。
#!/bin/bash
if [ "$(ps -ef | grep "nginx:
master process"| grep -v grep )" == "" ]
then
/kjt/app/nginx/sbin/nginx
sleep 5
if [ "$(ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process"| grep -v
grep )" == "" ]
then
killall keepalived
fi
fi
5.启动keepalived
service keepalived start
注:备机的keepalived的安装和上面一样，只要把配置文件中的priority改为小于100的数即可
6、配置Keepalived监控脚本，每分钟执行一次，当检测到原先MASTER上的Keepalived进程挂掉之后，将重启Keepalived进程
vi /root/shell/keepalived.sh
touch /root/shell/keepalived.log
chmod 755 *
新增计划任务
crontab –e
* * * * * (sh /root/shell/keepalived.sh
>> /root/shell/keepalived.log)
六．测试步骤
1．访问VIP看是否能够正常访问后端的tomcat
2．停止其中一个tomcat看是否能将访问转到另一台上
3．停止两台nginx上任何一个nginx进程看监控进程脚本是否会自动启动nginx
VRRP_Script(Monitor_Nginx) timed out
VRRP_Script(Monitor_Nginx) succeeded
4．停止任何一台nginx上的keepalived进程看另一台是否接管vip
比如停止Master上的keepalived,例如如下killall keepalived,查看BACKUP机器是否已经接管，如果BACKUP接管后，BACKUP机器日志会是出下情况
tail
-f /var/log/messages
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
Transition to MASTER STATE
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
Entering MASTER STATE
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
setting protocol VIPs.
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.46.86.60
MASTER机器上日志会显示
Keepalived_vrrp: Terminating VRRP child
process on signal
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
removing protocol VIPs.
现在把原先MASTER上的Keepalived重新启动，会看到原先MASTER直接成为BACKUP，不再做一次切换。
现在的BACKUP日志如下：
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
Received higher prio advert
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
Entering BACKUP STATE
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
removing protocol VIPs.
Master日志如下：
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Script(Monitor_Nginx)
succeeded
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
Transition to MASTER STATE
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
Entering MASTER STATE
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
setting protocol VIPs.
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.46.86.60
一.系统优化
1、修改/etc/sysctl.conf，优化tcp连接数
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 1200
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 8192
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 5000
2、修改/etc/security/limits.conf，修改最大文件打开数为65535
添加如下两行：
* soft nofile 65535
* hard nofile 65535
* soft nproc 16384
* hard nproc 16384
二.安装JDK
chmod +x jdk-6u38-linux-x64.bin
# ./jdk-6u38-linux-x64.bin
#添加环境变量
# vi /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/kjt/java/jdk1.6.0_38
export
CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
#使环境变量生效
# source /etc/profile
#查看java版本
# java -version
java version "1.6.0_38"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build
1.6.0_27-b07)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build
20.2-b06, mixed mode)
三.安装Tomcat
1、确保防火墙已关闭
#service iptables stop
#chkconfig iptables off
#vi /etc/selinux/config
selinux=disabled
2、安装tomcat
# tar zxvf apache-tomcat-6.0.36.tar.gz
# cd apache-tomcat-6.0.36
#修改/bin/catalina.sh，在cygwin=false前加路径
export JAVA_HOME=/kjt/java/jdk1.6.0_38/
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export
CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export
TOMCAT_HOME=/kjt/java/apache-tomcat-6.0.36
export
CATALINA_HOME=/kjt/java/apache-tomcat-6.0.36
export
CATALINA_BASE=/kjt/java/apache-tomcat-6.0.36
3、修改/conf/server.xml，做tomcat线程池优化
<Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="15000" maxThreads="500"
minSpareThreads="50" maxSpareTheads="250"
maxProcessors="600"
acceptCount="1000"
enableLookups="false" compression="on"
redirectPort="8443"
URIEncoding="utf-8" useBodyEncodingForURI="true"/>
<!-- A
"Connector" using the shared thread pool-->
4、启动tomcat
cd /kjt/java/apache-tomcat-6.0.35/bin
./startup
5、查看tomcat进程
ps –ef|grep tomcat
四.Nginx配置
1.确定Nginx所需pcre库、openssl库等依赖包已经安装，若没有安装，安装nginx过程中将报错。
2.安装Nginx
tar zxvf nginx-1.0.15.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.0.15/
./configure --prefix=/kjt/app/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module
--with-http_ssl_module
make
make install
3.Nginx配置文件如下：
4.测试配置文件
/kjt/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
显示以下信息为正确的
the configuration file
/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
configuration file
/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
5、启动nginx服务
/kjt/app/nginx/sbin/nginx
6、查看nginx进程
ps -ef|grep nginx
五.安装配置Keepalived
1、安装keepalived
tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz
cd keepalived-1.2.7
./configure --prefix=/kjt/app/keepalived
make
make install
2、将keepalived设置为开机启动
cp /kjt/app/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived
/etc/rc.d/init.d/
cp/kjt/app/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived
/etc/sysconfig/
cp /kjt/app/keepalived/sbin/keepalived
/usr/sbin/
chkconfig --add keepalived
chkconfig keepalived on
3.修改配置文件为以下内容:
mkdir /etc/keepalived
cp /kjt/app/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
/etc/keepalived/
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id Nginx_Id_1
}
vrrp_script Monitor_Nginx {
script "/kjt/app/keepalived/etc/keepalived/samples/monitor_nginx.sh
" #脚本存放位置
interval 2 #检查间隔为2秒
weight 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state
BACKUP #设置nopreempt，表示之前挂掉的master重新恢复后不再切换为master，直接成为BACKUP，nopreempt只能配置在BACKUP状态下
nopreempt
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100 #优先级较高的成为MASTER
advert_int 5 #健康检查间隔为5秒
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass kjt2013
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.46.86.60
}
track_script {
Monitor_Nginx
}
}
注：monitor_nginx.sh为监控nginx进程的脚本,内容如下：当检测到nginx主进程挂掉之后，系统将自动重启nginx，若nginx主进程重启失败，延迟5秒后杀掉keepalived进程，进行切换。
#!/bin/bash
if [ "$(ps -ef | grep "nginx:
master process"| grep -v grep )" == "" ]
then
/kjt/app/nginx/sbin/nginx
sleep 5
if [ "$(ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process"| grep -v
grep )" == "" ]
then
killall keepalived
fi
fi
5.启动keepalived
service keepalived start
注:备机的keepalived的安装和上面一样，只要把配置文件中的priority改为小于100的数即可
6、配置Keepalived监控脚本，每分钟执行一次，当检测到原先MASTER上的Keepalived进程挂掉之后，将重启Keepalived进程
vi /root/shell/keepalived.sh
touch /root/shell/keepalived.log
chmod 755 *
新增计划任务
crontab –e
* * * * * (sh /root/shell/keepalived.sh
>> /root/shell/keepalived.log)
六．测试步骤
1．访问VIP看是否能够正常访问后端的tomcat
2．停止其中一个tomcat看是否能将访问转到另一台上
3．停止两台nginx上任何一个nginx进程看监控进程脚本是否会自动启动nginx
VRRP_Script(Monitor_Nginx) timed out
VRRP_Script(Monitor_Nginx) succeeded
4．停止任何一台nginx上的keepalived进程看另一台是否接管vip
比如停止Master上的keepalived,例如如下killall keepalived,查看BACKUP机器是否已经接管，如果BACKUP接管后，BACKUP机器日志会是出下情况
tail
-f /var/log/messages
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
Transition to MASTER STATE
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
Entering MASTER STATE
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
setting protocol VIPs.
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.46.86.60
MASTER机器上日志会显示
Keepalived_vrrp: Terminating VRRP child
process on signal
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
removing protocol VIPs.
现在把原先MASTER上的Keepalived重新启动，会看到原先MASTER直接成为BACKUP，不再做一次切换。
现在的BACKUP日志如下：
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
Received higher prio advert
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
Entering BACKUP STATE
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
removing protocol VIPs.
Master日志如下：
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Script(Monitor_Nginx)
succeeded
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
Transition to MASTER STATE
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
Entering MASTER STATE
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
setting protocol VIPs.
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1)
Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.46.86.60
nginx配置负载的更多相关文章
- 通过http、https域名访问静态网页、nginx配置负载均衡（nginx配置）
很多场景下需要可以通过浏览器访问静态网页,不想把服务器ip地址直接暴露出来,通过nginx可以解决这个问题. 实现http域名访问静态网页 1.域名解析配置(本文都是以阿里云为例,其他平台,操作步骤类 ...
- 解决nginx配置负载均衡时invalid host in upstream报错
当前平台: windows nginx版本: 1.11.5 前言: 在配置负载均衡时,同时也需要设置反向代理,当修改了nginx.conf时,发现nginx服务无法开启. 1. 打开"ngi ...
- nginx配置 负载均衡
配置nginx #配置虚拟主机 server { listen 80; server_name www.testaaa.com; location / { #root /usr/local/nginx ...
- NginX——配置负载均衡
A. 在http模块加上upstream配置 upstream www.myweb.com { server 127.0.0.1:9100 weight=3; server ...
- 图解nginx配置负载均衡
1. 在Linux上准备两份tomcat 2. 修改两份tomcat的端口号 修改的端口如图所示: 3. 启动两个tomcat服务器 4. 修改两个服务器上的主页方便测试区分 5. 在nginx配置文 ...
- nginx集群:nginx配置负载均衡集群(nginx1.18.0)
一,nginx的负载均衡集群的特点: 1,nginx集群和lvs的不同? lvs集群:工作在第4层(传输层) nginx集群:工作在第7层(应用层) lvs集群:性能更强 nginx集群:功能更强:可 ...
- nginx配置负载均衡与反向代理
#给文件夹授权 1 chown -R www:www /usr/local/nginx #修改配置文件vim nginx.conf 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ...
- nginx配置负载均衡
本教程不讲解nginx的安装,若安装请看博客 http://www.cnblogs.com/hqjy/p/8092983.html 本教程不讲解tomcat的安装,若安装请看博客 http://www ...
- Nginx 配置负载均衡
nginx负载均衡配置,主要是proxy_pass,upstream的使用. 注意问题,多台机器间session的共享问题. 不用session,用户cookie.或者用redis替代session. ...
随机推荐
- Eclipse 自动补全功能失效解决办法及修改快捷键方法
最近在学习Java,前段时间分盘把电脑能坏了,重装系统后发现我的Eclipse的自动补全的功能失效了,那多麻烦呀,什么都得自己打,于是百度后总结了以下解决方法: 1.点击Window-->Pre ...
- (免量产,免格式化)手动将PE安装到移动硬盘/U盘或无系统硬盘!
在一台没有装系统的电脑上,只要把XP系统启动文件,及引导菜单文件(ntldr,boot.ini,”bootfont.bin这个可有可无,主要作用是显示中文菜单”)和GRUB引导文件和PE系统文件复制到 ...
- 【Hadoop】HDFS的运行原理
博文已转移,请借一步说话http://www.weixuehao.com/archives/596 简介 HDFS(Hadoop Distributed File System )Hadoop分布式文 ...
- POJ 1845 Sumdiv
快速幂+等比数列求和.... Sumdiv Time Limit: 1000MS Memory Limit: 30000K Total Submissions: 12599 Accepted: 305 ...
- 关于cin,getchar(),scanf()的注意事项（转）
问题描述一:(分析scanf()和getchar()读取字符) scanf(), getchar()等都是标准输入函数,一般人都会觉得这几个函数非常简单,没什么特殊的.但是有时候却就是因为使用这些 ...
- 安装sqlserver2012时出现的丧心病狂的错误
Service Pack 安装程序 ------------------------------ 出现以下错误: 安装程序集“Microsoft.VC80.ATL,version="8.0. ...
- Android学习笔记（十）——ListView的使用（上）
//此系列博文是<第一行Android代码>的学习笔记,如有错漏,欢迎指正! ListView绝对可以称得上是 Android中最常用的控件之一,ListView允许用户通过手指上下滑动的 ...
- python 函数式编程工具
有三个内置函数与列表一起使用时非常有用:filter().map()和reduce(). 1. filter(function, sequence)返回的序列由function(item)结果为真的元 ...
- eclipse添加velocity项目
1.首先添加jar包,记得包含以下的主要两个类别 2.新建一个servlet类(继承自VelocityViewServlet) package com.servlet; import java.uti ...
- HDU 1159 裸最长公共子串
试着拍了一道模板题 dp开了500,开100会超时..... string类型中间有空格会判为结束 #include<algorithm> -->min,max函数的头文件 #inc ...