非关系型数据库redis

Redis初始

redis中不区分字母的大小写

查看端口 ss tnlp

• 安装

  • 编译安装(需要先配置epel源)

    yum install -y redis
    

  • 编译安装

    wget https://download.redis.io/releases/redis-6.2.6.tar.gz
    解压
    tar -zxf redis-4.0.10.tar.gz
    3.切换redis源码目录
    cd redis-4.0.10.tar.gz
    4.编译源文件
    make
    5.编译好后，src/目录下有编译好的redis指令
    6.make install 安装到指定目录，默认在/usr/local/bin
    

• redis可执行文件

  ./redis-benchmark //用于进行redis性能测试的工具
  ./redis-check-dump //用于修复出问题的dump.rdb文件
  ./redis-cli //redis的客户端
  ./redis-server //redis的服务端
  ./redis-check-aof //用于修复出问题的AOF文件
  ./redis-sentinel //用于集群管理
  

1、启动redis服务

• 进入安装目录 默认/usr/local/bin
  执行./redis-server
  redis-server redis.conf
  默认情况下，redis-server会以非daemon的方式来运行，且默认服务端口为6379。
  

• 启动redis后会默认占用终端口

2、redis连接

• ./redis-cli
  [wusir@localhost bin]$ ./redis-cli
  127.0.0.1:6379> ping
  PONG
  127.0.0.1:6379>
  127.0.0.1:6379> echo 'return pong successful connection'
  "return pong successful connection
  回复pong表示连接成功
  

• ECHO 与linux的打印效果一致

• 127.0.0.1:6379> set name 'dog'
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379> get name
  "dog"
  127.0.0.1:6379>
  

3、常用命令

• 退出命令
  quit
  127.0.0.1:6379> quit
  [wusir@localhost bin]$ 
  
  

• del删除命令

  127.0.0.1:6379> SET ZJW SG
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379> SET QQ HHHH
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379> DEL name
  (integer) 1
  127.0.0.1:6379> set name
  (error) ERR wrong number of arguments for 'set' command
  127.0.0.1:6379> get name
  (nil)
  127.0.0.1:6379> get zjw
  (nil)
  127.0.0.1:6379> get ZJW
  "SG"
  127.0.0.1:6379> get QQ
  "HHHH"
  127.0.0.1:6379> DEL ZJW QQ
  (integer) 2 删除一个或者多个值
  127.0.0.1:6379>
  127.0.0.1:6379> del aaa
  (integer) 0 不存在的被忽略掉
  127.0.0.1:6379>
  

• exites key

  127.0.0.1:6379> set wusir 666
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379> exists wusir
  (integer) 1
  127.0.0.1:6379> exists name
  (integer) 0
  
  

• keys *

  查看所有的key 值

• keys 匹配规则（正则）

  KEYs a??,

• expire key 秒

  设置有效时间，

• TTL key

  查看剩余有效时间，两个特殊值-2key不存在（KEY过期）,-1永久有有效，不设置时间

• pexpire key 毫秒

  设置有效毫秒

• pttl key

  查看剩余毫秒

• randomkey

  随机获取一个KEY,但是不删除，数据库为空返回nil

• move key db

  将数据转移至其他的数据库

• rename

  重命名KEY，如果不存在则报错

  rename key newkey,如果已有key,则直接覆盖

• 127.0.0.1:6379> set name helloworld
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
  1) "wusir"
  2) "name"
  127.0.0.1:6379> set hh 12345
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379> expire name 10
  (integer) 1
  127.0.0.1:6379> ttl name
  (integer) 5
  127.0.0.1:6379> ttl name
  (integer) 2
  127.0.0.1:6379> ttl name
  (integer) -2
  127.0.0.1:6379> ttl wusir
  (integer) -1
  127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
  1) "wusir"
  2) "hh"
  127.0.0.1:6379> keys h?
  1) "hh"
  127.0.0.1:6379> pexpire hh 9000
  (integer) 1
  127.0.0.1:6379> pttl hh
  (integer) 3405
  127.0.0.1:6379> pttl
  (error) ERR wrong number of arguments for 'pttl' command
  127.0.0.1:6379> pttl hh
  (integer) -2
  127.0.0.1:6379> pttl wusir
  (integer) -1
  127.0.0.1:6379> set zjw hello
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379> keys
  (error) ERR wrong number of arguments for 'keys' command
  127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
  1) "wusir"
  2) "zjw"
  127.0.0.1:6379> set www fff
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379> set ggg ccc
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
  1) "ggg"
  2) "wusir"
  3) "www"
  4) "zjw"
  127.0.0.1:6379> set key valse
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379> randromkey
  (error) ERR unknown command `randromkey`, with args beginning with:
  127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey
  "www"
  127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey
  "ggg"
  127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey
  "www"
  127.0.0.1:6379>
  127.0.0.1:6379>
  127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey
  "key"
  127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey
  "www"
  127.0.0.1:6379> move www 2
  (integer) 1
  127.0.0.1:6379> move www 2
  (integer) 0
  127.0.0.1:6379> get www
  (nil)
  127.0.0.1:6379> select 2
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379[2]> get www
  "fff"
  127.0.0.1:6379[2]> select 3
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379[3]> randomkey
  (nil)
  127.0.0.1:6379[3]> select 0
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
  1) "ggg"
  2) "key"
  3) "zjw"
  4) "wusir"
  127.0.0.1:6379> rename ggg gege
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379> rename key kkk
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
  1) "kkk"
  2) "zjw"
  3) "gege"
  4) "wusir"
  127.0.0.1:6379> get kkk
  "valse"
  127.0.0.1:6379> get zjw
  "hello"
  127.0.0.1:6379> rename kkk zjw
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379> get zjw
  "valse"
  127.0.0.1:6379> renamenx gege wusir
  (integer) 0
  127.0.0.1:6379> get wusir
  "666"
  127.0.0.1:6379> get gege
  "ccc"
  127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
  1) "zjw"
  2) "gege"
  3) "wusir"
  127.0.0.1:6379> type gege
  string
  127.0.0.1:6379> type wusir
  string
  127.0.0.1:6379> type kkkkkkk
  none
  127.0.0.1:6379> lpush alexlist dsb dsb2
  (integer) 2
  127.0.0.1:6379> type alexlist
  list
  127.0.0.1:6379>
  

• renamenx

  127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
  1) "ggg"
  2) "key"
  3) "zjw"
  4) "wusir"
  127.0.0.1:6379> rename ggg gege
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379> rename key kkk
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
  1) "kkk"
  2) "zjw"
  3) "gege"
  4) "wusir"
  127.0.0.1:6379> get kkk
  "valse"
  127.0.0.1:6379> get zjw
  "hello"
  127.0.0.1:6379> rename kkk zjw
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379> get zjw
  "valse"
  127.0.0.1:6379> renamenx gege wusir
  (integer) 0
  127.0.0.1:6379> 
  
  127.0.0.1:6379> get wusir
  "666"
  127.0.0.1:6379> get gege
  "ccc"
  127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
  1) "zjw"
  2) "gege"
  3) "wusir"
  127.0.0.1:6379>
  

• type

  查看存储value的数据类型,如果键不存在返回None

  127.0.0.1:6379> type gege
  string
  127.0.0.1:6379> type wusir
  string
  127.0.0.1:6379> type kkkkkkk
  none
  127.0.0.1:6379> lpush alexlist dsb dsb2
  (integer) 2
  127.0.0.1:6379> type alexlist
  list
  127.0.0.1:6379> 
  
  

• select 命令

  SELECT 2;
  默认到2库中；总共有16个库，编号为0到15
  切换redis的库
  

  127.0.0.1:6379> select 2
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379[2]> select 15
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379[15]> select 16
  (error) ERR DB index is out of range
  
  127.0.0.1:6379[15]> get name
  (nil)
  127.0.0.1:6379[15]> select 0
  OK
  127.0.0.1:6379> get name
  "dog"
  127.0.0.1:6379> 
  
  

  [wusir@localhost bin]$ ./redis-cli -n 15
  127.0.0.1:6379[15]>
  启动的时候直接进行到对应库
  

• info命令获取系统信息

  127.0.0.1:6379> info 不加参数显示所有
  # Server
  redis_version:6.2.6
  redis_git_sha1:00000000
  redis_git_dirty:0
  redis_build_id:c38900315f2f12fd
  redis_mode:standalone
  os:Linux 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 x86_64
  arch_bits:64
  multiplexing_api:epoll
  atomicvar_api:atomic-builtin
  gcc_version:4.8.5
  process_id:8451
  process_supervised:no
  run_id:4bccf2f220d12c142d1514a61119a717b83ecb04
  tcp_port:6379
  server_time_usec:1634866336526570
  uptime_in_seconds:1048
  uptime_in_days:0
  hz:10
  configured_hz:10
  lru_clock:7476384
  executable:/usr/local/bin/./redis-server
  config_file:
  io_threads_active:0
  
  # Clients
  connected_clients:1
  cluster_connections:0
  maxclients:10000
  client_recent_max_input_buffer:24
  client_recent_max_output_buffer:0
  blocked_clients:0
  tracking_clients:0
  clients_in_timeout_table:0
  
  # Memory
  used_memory:873680
  used_memory_human:853.20K
  used_memory_rss:3014656
  used_memory_rss_human:2.88M
  used_memory_peak:931824
  used_memory_peak_human:909.98K
  used_memory_peak_perc:93.76%
  used_memory_overhead:830408
  used_memory_startup:809832
  used_memory_dataset:43272
  used_memory_dataset_perc:67.77%
  allocator_allocated:920808
  allocator_active:1187840
  allocator_resident:3702784
  total_system_memory:1907744768
  total_system_memory_human:1.78G
  used_memory_lua:37888
  used_memory_lua_human:37.00K
  used_memory_scripts:0
  used_memory_scripts_human:0B
  number_of_cached_scripts:0
  maxmemory:0
  maxmemory_human:0B
  maxmemory_policy:noeviction
  allocator_frag_ratio:1.29
  allocator_frag_bytes:267032
  allocator_rss_ratio:3.12
  allocator_rss_bytes:2514944
  rss_overhead_ratio:0.81
  rss_overhead_bytes:-688128
  mem_fragmentation_ratio:3.63
  mem_fragmentation_bytes:2183736
  mem_not_counted_for_evict:0
  mem_replication_backlog:0
  mem_clients_slaves:0
  mem_clients_normal:20504
  mem_aof_buffer:0
  mem_allocator:jemalloc-5.1.0
  active_defrag_running:0
  lazyfree_pending_objects:0
  lazyfreed_objects:0
  
  # Persistence
  loading:0
  current_cow_size:0
  current_cow_size_age:0
  current_fork_perc:0.00
  current_save_keys_processed:0
  current_save_keys_total:0
  rdb_changes_since_last_save:2
  rdb_bgsave_in_progress:0
  rdb_last_save_time:1634865288
  rdb_last_bgsave_status:ok
  rdb_last_bgsave_time_sec:-1
  rdb_current_bgsave_time_sec:-1
  rdb_last_cow_size:0
  aof_enabled:0
  aof_rewrite_in_progress:0
  aof_rewrite_scheduled:0
  aof_last_rewrite_time_sec:-1
  aof_current_rewrite_time_sec:-1
  aof_last_bgrewrite_status:ok
  aof_last_write_status:ok
  aof_last_cow_size:0
  module_fork_in_progress:0
  module_fork_last_cow_size:0
  
  # Stats
  total_connections_received:4
  total_commands_processed:19
  instantaneous_ops_per_sec:0
  total_net_input_bytes:526
  total_net_output_bytes:81517
  instantaneous_input_kbps:0.00
  instantaneous_output_kbps:0.00
  rejected_connections:0
  sync_full:0
  sync_partial_ok:0
  sync_partial_err:0
  expired_keys:0
  expired_stale_perc:0.00
  expired_time_cap_reached_count:0
  expire_cycle_cpu_milliseconds:27
  evicted_keys:0
  keyspace_hits:3
  keyspace_misses:1
  pubsub_channels:0
  pubsub_patterns:0
  latest_fork_usec:0
  total_forks:0
  migrate_cached_sockets:0
  slave_expires_tracked_keys:0
  active_defrag_hits:0
  active_defrag_misses:0
  active_defrag_key_hits:0
  active_defrag_key_misses:0
  tracking_total_keys:0
  tracking_total_items:0
  tracking_total_prefixes:0
  unexpected_error_replies:0
  total_error_replies:1
  dump_payload_sanitizations:0
  total_reads_processed:23
  total_writes_processed:19
  io_threaded_reads_processed:0
  io_threaded_writes_processed:0
  
  # Replication
  role:master
  connected_slaves:0
  master_failover_state:no-failover
  master_replid:937790b8a90dd91e03356bf4237c7e49224caefc
  master_replid2:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
  master_repl_offset:0
  second_repl_offset:-1
  repl_backlog_active:0
  repl_backlog_size:1048576
  repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0
  repl_backlog_histlen:0
  
  # CPU
  used_cpu_sys:1.765061
  used_cpu_user:1.087562
  used_cpu_sys_children:0.000000
  used_cpu_user_children:0.000000
  used_cpu_sys_main_thread:1.595049
  used_cpu_user_main_thread:1.214142
  
  # Modules
  
  # Errorstats
  errorstat_ERR:count=1
  
  # Cluster
  cluster_enabled:0
  
  # Keyspace
  db0:keys=1,expires=0,avg_ttl=0
  
  127.0.0.1:6379> info cpu   加上参数显示指定的系统信息
  # CPU
  used_cpu_sys:1.860890
  used_cpu_user:1.153960
  used_cpu_sys_children:0.000000
  used_cpu_user_children:0.000000
  used_cpu_sys_main_thread:1.687953
  used_cpu_user_main_thread:1.283307
  127.0.0.1:6379> 
  
  

4、redis数据类型

• String
• hash
• list
• set
• zset 有序