percona-xtrabackup工具实现mysql5.6.34的主从同步复制

percona-xtrabackup工具实现mysql5.6.34的主从同步复制

下载并安装percona-xtrabackup工具

# wget https://www.percona.com/downloads/XtraBackup/Percona-XtraBackup-2.4.7/binary/redhat/6/x86_64/percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.7-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

# yum localinstall -y percona-xtrabackup--2.4.-.el6.x86_64.rpm

1.备份，将mysql数据库整个备份到/opt/目录下

# innobackupex --defaults-file="/etc/my.cnf" --user=root -proot --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock /opt

2.预处理，进行事物检查(也可以拷贝到从库后再进行检查)

# innobackupex --defaults-file="/etc/my.cnf" --user=root -proot --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --apply-log --use-memory=1G /opt/--18_00--/

3.scp到从库

[root@centossz008 ~]# scp -r /opt/--18_01--/ 192.168.3.13:/opt

4.关闭从库，清理从库数据，恢复数据到从库

/etc/init.d/mysqld stop

删除从库的数据和日志信息

[root@node5 ~]# rm -rf /data/mydata/*
[root@node5 ~]# rm -rf /data/binlogs/*
[root@node5 ~]# rm -rf /data/relaylogs/*

在从库上执行(将数据恢复到数据库中)

[root@node5 ~]# innobackupex --defaults-file="/etc/my.cnf" --user=root --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --move-back /opt/--18_01--/

5.修改权限，启动从库

[root@node5 mydata]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data
[root@node5 mydata]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

查看主库中master位置

[root@node5 mydata]# cat /opt/--18_01--/xtrabackup_binlog_info
master-bin.        4c6237f8-a7da-11e6--000c29f333f8:-

6.主库中创建建salve同步用户

mysql> grant replication slave,reload,super on *.* to repluser@192.168.3.13 identified by 'replpass';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

7.从库执行同步

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.3.12',master_user='repluser',master_password='replpass',master_log_file='master-bin.000002',master_log_pos=;
mysql> start slave;

mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** . row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.3.12
Master_User: repluser
Master_Port:
Connect_Retry:
Master_Log_File: master-bin.
Read_Master_Log_Pos:
Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.
Relay_Log_Pos:
Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.
Slave_IO_Running: Yes # 表示配置成功
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno:
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter:
Exec_Master_Log_Pos:
Relay_Log_Space:
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos:
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master:
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno:
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno:
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id:
Master_UUID: 4c6237f8-a7da-11e6--000c29f333f8
Master_Info_File: /data/mydata/master.info
SQL_Delay:
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count:
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 4c6237f8-a7da-11e6--000c29f333f8:-
Executed_Gtid_Set: 4c6237f8-a7da-11e6--000c29f333f8:-
Auto_Position:
 row in set (0.00 sec)

延迟复制：

启用方法：

mysql> stop slave;
mysql> change master to master_delay=;
mysql> start slave;

应用场景：
1.误删除恢复
2.延迟测试(当有延迟时业务是否会受影响)
3.历史查询

***************************

mysql master 配置

[root@centossz008 ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port =
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysqld]
port =
innodb_file_per_table =
binlog-format=ROW
log-slave-updates=true
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
master-info-repository=file
relay-log-info-repository=file
sync-master-info=
slave-parallel-workers=
binlog-checksum=CRC32
master-verify-checksum=
slave-sql-verify-checksum=
binlog-rows-query-log_events=
server-id=
report-port=
log-bin=/data/binlogs/master-bin
max_binlog_size = 200M
datadir=/data/mydata
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8mb4'
character-set-server = utf8mb4

skip-name-resolve
skip-external-locking

back_log =
max_connections =
max_connect_errors =
open_files_limit =
table_open_cache =
max_allowed_packet = 4M
binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_heap_table_size = 8M
tmp_table_size = 16M

read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
join_buffer_size = 8M
key_buffer_size = 4M
thread_cache_size =
query_cache_type =
query_cache_size = 16M
query_cache_limit = 2M
ft_min_word_len =
expire_logs_days =
performance_schema =
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp

default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_open_files =
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 64M
innodb_write_io_threads =
innodb_read_io_threads =
innodb_thread_concurrency =
innodb_purge_threads =
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit =
innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M
innodb_log_file_size = 32M
innodb_log_files_in_group =
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct =
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 

bulk_insert_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 512M
myisam_repair_threads = 

interactive_timeout =
wait_timeout = 

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer = 4M
write_buffer = 4M

******************
mysql slave 配置

[root@node5 src]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port =
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysqld]

port =
innodb_file_per_table =
binlog-format=ROW
log-slave-updates=true
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
master-info-repository=file
relay-log-info-repository=file
sync-master-info=
slave-parallel-workers=
binlog-checksum=CRC32
master-verify-checksum=
slave-sql-verify-checksum=
binlog-rows-query-log_events=
server-id=
report-port=
log-bin=/data/binlogs/master-bin
relay-log=/data/relaylogs/relay-bin
max_binlog_size = 200M
datadir=/data/mydata
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8mb4'
character-set-server = utf8mb4

skip-name-resolve
skip-external-locking

back_log =
max_connections =
max_connect_errors =
open_files_limit =
table_open_cache =
max_allowed_packet = 4M
binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_heap_table_size = 8M
tmp_table_size = 16M

read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
join_buffer_size = 8M
key_buffer_size = 4M
thread_cache_size =
query_cache_type =
query_cache_size = 16M
query_cache_limit = 2M
ft_min_word_len =
expire_logs_days =
performance_schema =
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp

default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_open_files =
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 64M
innodb_write_io_threads =
innodb_read_io_threads =
innodb_thread_concurrency =
innodb_purge_threads =
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit =
innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M
innodb_log_file_size = 32M
innodb_log_files_in_group =
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct =
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 

bulk_insert_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 512M
myisam_repair_threads = 

interactive_timeout =
wait_timeout = 

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer = 4M
write_buffer = 4M

*********************
cenos6上启动mysql服务报错：

070517 23:08:52 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/mydata
2107-05-17 23:08:56 0 [ERROR] This MySQL server doesn't support dates later then 2038
2107-05-17 23:08:56 0 [ERROR] Aborting

将时间修改为1年前，即可启动，启动完成后改回时间即可