环境：VS2010，C#，GDAL1.7

读取影像：

  1.  using System;
  2.  using System.Collections.Generic;
  3.  using System.ComponentModel;
  4.  using System.Data;
  5.  using System.Drawing;
  6.  using System.Linq;
  7.  using System.Text;
  8.  using System.Windows.Forms;
  9.  using System.Diagnostics;
  10.  using System.Drawing.Imaging;
  11.  using OSGeo.GDAL;
  12.  using AppScene;
  13.  
  14.  namespace GdalReader
  15.  {
  16.      public partial class Form1 : Form
  17.      {
  18.          public Form1()
  19.          {
  20.              InitializeComponent();
  21.          }
  22.          string __ImagePath = string.Empty;
  23.          private OSGeo.GDAL.Dataset __Geodataset;
  24.          private int[] __DisplayBands;
  25.          private Rectangle __DrawRect;
  26.          private Bitmap __BitMap;
  27.          private void btnBrower_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
  28.          {
  29.              OpenFileDialog dlg = new OpenFileDialog();
  30.              dlg.Title = "";
  31.              dlg.Filter = "Img(*.img)|*.img";
  32.              if (dlg.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
  33.              {
  34.                  OSGeo.GDAL.Gdal.AllRegister();
  35.                  __ImagePath = dlg.FileName;
  36.                  txtPath.Text = __ImagePath;
  37.                  OSGeo.GDAL.Dataset dataset = OSGeo.GDAL.Gdal.Open(__ImagePath, OSGeo.GDAL.Access.GA_ReadOnly);
  38.                  __Geodataset = dataset;
  39.                  if (__Geodataset != null)
  40.                  {
  41.                      if (__Geodataset.RasterCount >= )
  42.                          __DisplayBands = new int[] { , ,  };
  43.                      else
  44.                          __DisplayBands = new int[] { , ,  };
  45.                  }
  46.                  double[] dd = new double[];
  47.                  dataset.GetGeoTransform(dd);
  48.                  string prj = dataset.GetProjection();
  49.  
  50.                  string str = string.Format("波段数目:{0}\n行数：{1};列数：{2}\n坐标参考：{3},{4},{5},{6}\n", __Geodataset.RasterCount, __Geodataset.RasterXSize, __Geodataset.RasterYSize, dd[], dd[], dd[], dd[]);
  51.                  str += prj + "\n";
  52.                  for (int i = ; i <= __Geodataset.RasterCount; ++i)
  53.                  {
  54.                      OSGeo.GDAL.Band band = dataset.GetRasterBand(i);
  55.                      str += "波段" + i + "：" + band.DataType.ToString();
  56.  
  57.                  }
  58.                  richTextBox1.Text = str;
  59.                  InitialIMG();
  60.                  SimpleRasterShow simRaster = new SimpleRasterShow("");
  61.                  simRaster.IsOn = true;
  62.                  simRaster.bitmap = __BitMap;
  63.                  sceneControl1.CurrentWorld.RenderableObjects.ChildObjects.Add(simRaster);
  64.              }
  65.          }
  66.  
  67.          public void InitialIMG()
  68.          {
  69.              if (__Geodataset != null)
  70.              {
  71.                  Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(, , __Geodataset.RasterXSize, __Geodataset.RasterYSize);
  72.                  float width = (float)this.Width;
  73.                  float height = (float)this.Height;
  74.                  RectangleF Extent = ExtRect(rect, width, height);
  75.                  double scale = Extent.Width / this.Width;
  76.                  //double scaley = Extent.Height / this.Height;
  77.                  double bufWidth = __Geodataset.RasterXSize / scale;
  78.                  double bufHeight = __Geodataset.RasterYSize / scale;
  79.                  Debug.WriteLine("Buffered width is:" + bufWidth);
  80.                  Debug.WriteLine("Buffered height is:" + bufHeight);
  81.                  double bufX = (this.Width - bufWidth) / 2.0;
  82.                  double bufY = (this.Height - bufHeight) / 2.0;
  83.                  __DrawRect = new Rectangle((int)bufX, (int)bufY, (int)bufWidth, (int)bufHeight);
  84.                  Rectangle ExtentRect = new Rectangle(, , (int)bufWidth, (int)bufHeight);
  85.                  //__DispRectCenter = new PointF((float)(bufX + bufWidth / 2.0), (float)(bufY + bufHeight / 2.0));
  86.                  // __Zoom = (float)scale;
  87.                  //__Zoom=(float)(scalex>scaley?scalex:scaley);
  88.                  __BitMap = RSImg2BitMap(__Geodataset, ExtentRect, __DisplayBands);
  89.                  // Invalidate();
  90.              }
  91.          }
  92.          public RectangleF ExtRect(Rectangle rect, float width, float height)
  93.          {
  94.              double midX = rect.X + rect.Width / 2.0;
  95.              double midY = rect.Y + rect.Height / 2.0;
  96.              double newh = 0.0;
  97.              double neww = 0.0;
  98.              //Adjust according to width, if
  99.              if (rect.Width * 1.0 / rect.Height > width / height)
  100.              {
  101.                  newh = (height * 1.0 / width) * rect.Width;
  102.                  neww = rect.Width;
  103.                  //newh = (rect.Height*1.0 / rect.Width) * height;
  104.                  //neww = width;
  105.              }
  106.              else
  107.              {
  108.                  //neww = (rect.Width*1.0 / rect.Height) * width;
  109.                  //newh = height;
  110.                  neww = (width * 1.0 / height) * rect.Width;
  111.                  newh = rect.Height;
  112.              }
  113.              RectangleF newRect = new RectangleF((float)(midX - neww / 2.0), (float)(midY - newh / 2.0), (float)neww, (float)newh);
  114.              return newRect;
  115.          }
  116.          public Bitmap RSImg2BitMap(OSGeo.GDAL.Dataset dataset,
  117.                                   Rectangle ExtentRect, int[] displayBands)
  118.          {
  119.              int x1width = ExtentRect.Width;
  120.              int y1height = ExtentRect.Height;
  121.  
  122.              Bitmap image = new Bitmap(x1width, y1height,
  123.                                       System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);
  124.              int iPixelSize = ;
  125.  
  126.              if (dataset != null)
  127.              {
  128.                  BitmapData bitmapdata = image.LockBits(new
  129.                                          Rectangle(, , x1width, y1height),
  130.                                          ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, image.PixelFormat);
  131.                  int ch = ;
  132.  
  133.                  try
  134.                  {
  135.                      unsafe
  136.                      {
  137.                          for (int i = ; i <= displayBands.Length; ++i)
  138.                          {
  139.                              OSGeo.GDAL.Band band = dataset.GetRasterBand(displayBands[i - ]);
  140.                              int[] buffer = new int[x1width * y1height];
  141.                              band.ReadRaster(, , __Geodataset.RasterXSize,
  142.                                  __Geodataset.RasterYSize, buffer, x1width, y1height, , );
  143.                              int p_indx = ;
  144.  
  145.                              if ((int)band.GetRasterColorInterpretation() == )
  146.                                  ch = ;
  147.                              if ((int)band.GetRasterColorInterpretation() == )
  148.                                  ch = ;
  149.                              if ((int)band.GetRasterColorInterpretation() == )
  150.                                  ch = ;
  151.                              if ((int)band.GetRasterColorInterpretation() != )
  152.                              {
  153.                                  double maxVal = 0.0;
  154.                                  double minVal = 0.0;
  155.                                  maxVal = GetMaxWithoutNoData(dataset,
  156.                                           displayBands[i - ], -9999.0);
  157.                                  minVal = GetMinWithoutNoData(dataset,
  158.                                           displayBands[i - ], -9999.0);
  159.                                  for (int y = ; y < y1height; y++)
  160.                                  {
  161.                                      byte* row = (byte*)bitmapdata.Scan0 +
  162.                                                        (y * bitmapdata.Stride);
  163.                                      for (int x = ; x < x1width; x++, p_indx++)
  164.                                      {
  165.                                          byte tempVal = shift2Byte(buffer[p_indx], maxVal, minVal, -9999.0);
  166.                                          row[x * iPixelSize + ch] = tempVal;
  167.                                      }
  168.                                  }
  169.                              }
  170.                              else
  171.                              {
  172.                                  double maxVal = 0.0;
  173.                                  double minVal = 0.0;
  174.                                  maxVal = GetMaxWithoutNoData(dataset,
  175.                                           displayBands[i - ], -9999.0);
  176.                                  minVal = GetMinWithoutNoData(dataset,
  177.                                           displayBands[i - ], -9999.0);
  178.                                  for (int y = ; y < y1height; y++)
  179.                                  {
  180.                                      byte* row = (byte*)bitmapdata.Scan0 +
  181.                                                  (y * bitmapdata.Stride);
  182.                                      for (int x = ; x < x1width; x++, p_indx++)
  183.                                      {
  184.                                          byte tempVal = shift2Byte<int>
  185.                                                         (buffer[p_indx], maxVal, minVal, -9999.0);
  186.                                          row[x * iPixelSize] = tempVal;
  187.                                          row[x * iPixelSize + ] = tempVal;
  188.                                          row[x * iPixelSize + ] = tempVal;
  189.                                      }
  190.                                  }
  191.                              }
  192.                              ch++;
  193.                          }
  194.                      }
  195.                  }
  196.                  finally
  197.                  {
  198.                      image.UnlockBits(bitmapdata);
  199.                  }
  200.              }
  201.              return image;
  202.          }
  203.          #region RASTERoperations
  204.          /// <summary>
  205.          /// Function of shift2Byte
  206.          /// </summary>
  207.          /// <remarks>this function will shift a value into a range of byte: 0~255 to be displayed in the graphics.</remarks>
  208.          /// <typeparam name="T">the type of the value</typeparam>
  209.          /// <param name="val">the value that will be converted to byte</param>
  210.          /// <param name="Maximum">the maximum value range</param>
  211.          /// <param name="Minimum">the minimum value range</param>
  212.          /// <returns>a value within the byte range</returns>
  213.          public byte shift2Byte<T>(T val, double Maximum, double Minimum)
  214.          {
  215.              double a =  / (Maximum - Minimum);
  216.              double b =  - ( / (Maximum - Minimum)) * Maximum;
  217.              double tempVal = Convert.ToDouble(val);
  218.              byte value = Convert.ToByte(a * tempVal + b);
  219.              return value;
  220.          }
  221.          /// <summary>
  222.          /// Function of shift2Byte
  223.          /// </summary>
  224.          /// <remarks>this function will shift a value into a range of byte: 0~255 to be displayed in the graphics.</remarks>
  225.          /// <typeparam name="T">the type of the value</typeparam>
  226.          /// <param name="val">the value that will be converted to byte</param>
  227.          /// <param name="Maximum">the maximum value range</param>
  228.          /// <param name="Minimum">the minimum value range</param>
  229.          /// <param name="noData">the value for the non-sens pixel</param>
  230.          /// <returns>a value within the byte range</returns>
  231.          public byte shift2Byte<T>(T val, double Maximum, double Minimum, double noData)
  232.          {
  233.              double a = 0.0;
  234.              double b = 0.0;
  235.              double tempVal = Convert.ToDouble(val);
  236.              a =  / (Maximum - Minimum);
  237.              b =  - ( / (Maximum - Minimum)) * Maximum;
  238.              if (Math.Abs(tempVal) > Math.Abs(noData))
  239.                  return ;
  240.              try
  241.              {
  242.                  return Convert.ToByte(a * tempVal + b);
  243.              }
  244.              catch
  245.              {
  246.                  return ;
  247.              }
  248.          }
  249.          /// <summary>
  250.          /// Function of GetMaxWithoutNoData
  251.          /// </summary>
  252.          /// <remarks>Get the maximum data of certain band without the nodata values.</remarks>
  253.          /// <param name="band">the band that will be statistically checked.</param>
  254.          /// <returns>the maximum values.</returns>
  255.          public double GetMaxWithoutNoData(OSGeo.GDAL.Dataset ds, int bandNumb, double __NoData)
  256.          {
  257.              double max = 0.0;
  258.              double tempMax = 0.0;
  259.              int index = ;
  260.              Band tempBand = ds.GetRasterBand(bandNumb);
  261.              tempBand.GetMaximum(out tempMax, out index);
  262.              if (Math.Abs(tempMax) < Math.Abs(__NoData))
  263.                  max = tempMax;
  264.              else
  265.              {
  266.                  OSGeo.GDAL.Band band;
  267.                  band = ds.GetRasterBand(bandNumb);
  268.                  //the number of columns
  269.                  int xSize = ds.RasterXSize;
  270.                  //the number of rows
  271.                  int ySize = ds.RasterYSize;
  272.                  double[] bandData = new double[xSize * ySize];
  273.                  //Read the data into the bandData matrix.
  274.                  OSGeo.GDAL.CPLErr err = band.ReadRaster(, , xSize, ySize, bandData, xSize, ySize, , );
  275.                  for (long i = ; i < xSize * ySize; i++)
  276.                  {
  277.                      if (bandData[i] > max & (Math.Abs(bandData[i]) < Math.Abs(__NoData)))
  278.                          max = bandData[i];
  279.                  }
  280.              }
  281.              return max;
  282.          }
  283.          /// <summary>
  284.          /// Function of GetMinWithoutNoData
  285.          /// </summary>
  286.          /// <remarks>Get the maximum data of certain band without the nodata values.</remarks>
  287.          /// <param name="band">the band that will be statistically checked</param>
  288.          /// <returns>the maximum values.</returns>
  289.          public double GetMinWithoutNoData(OSGeo.GDAL.Dataset ds, int bandNumb, double __NoData)
  290.          {
  291.              double min = Math.Abs(__NoData);
  292.              double tempMin = 0.0;
  293.              int index = ;
  294.              Band tempBand = ds.GetRasterBand(bandNumb);
  295.              tempBand.GetMinimum(out tempMin, out index);
  296.              if (Math.Abs(tempMin) < Math.Abs(__NoData))
  297.                  min = tempMin;
  298.              else
  299.              {
  300.                  OSGeo.GDAL.Band band;
  301.                  band = ds.GetRasterBand(bandNumb);
  302.                  //the number of columns
  303.                  int xSize = ds.RasterXSize;
  304.                  //the number of rows
  305.                  int ySize = ds.RasterYSize;
  306.                  double[] bandData = new double[xSize * ySize];
  307.                  //Read the data into the bandData matrix.
  308.                  OSGeo.GDAL.CPLErr err = band.ReadRaster(, , xSize, ySize, bandData, xSize, ySize, , );
  309.                  for (long i = ; i < xSize * ySize; i++)
  310.                  {
  311.                      if (bandData[i] < min & (Math.Abs(bandData[i]) < Math.Abs(__NoData)))
  312.                          min = bandData[i];
  313.                  }
  314.              }
  315.              return min;
  316.          }
  317.          /// <summary>
  318.          /// Funcion of GetDatasetType
  319.          /// </summary>
  320.          /// <param name="band">the band where the data type will be defined.</param>
  321.          /// <returns>0 is the byte, 1 is int, 2 is double, and 3 is unknown.</returns>
  322.          public byte GetDatasetType(OSGeo.GDAL.Band band)
  323.          {
  324.              switch (band.DataType)
  325.              {
  326.                  case OSGeo.GDAL.DataType.GDT_Byte:
  327.                      return ;
  328.                  case OSGeo.GDAL.DataType.GDT_CFloat32:
  329.                  case OSGeo.GDAL.DataType.GDT_CFloat64:
  330.                  case OSGeo.GDAL.DataType.GDT_Float32:
  331.                  case OSGeo.GDAL.DataType.GDT_Float64:
  332.                      return ;
  333.                  case OSGeo.GDAL.DataType.GDT_TypeCount:
  334.                  case OSGeo.GDAL.DataType.GDT_Unknown:
  335.                      return ;
  336.                  default:
  337.                      return ;
  338.              }
  339.          }
  340.          #endregion
  341.          private SceneControl sceneControl1;
  342.          private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
  343.          {
  344.              this.sceneControl1 = new AppScene.SceneControl();
  345.              //
  346.              // sceneControl1
  347.              //
  348.              this.SuspendLayout();
  349.              this.sceneControl1.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Fill;
  350.              this.sceneControl1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(, );
  351.              this.sceneControl1.Name = "sceneControl1";
  352.              this.sceneControl1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(, );
  353.              this.sceneControl1.TabIndex = ;
  354.              this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.sceneControl1);
  355.              sceneControl1.Focus();
  356.              Application.Idle += new EventHandler(sceneControl1.OnApplicationIdle);
  357.              this.ResumeLayout(false);
  358.          }
  359.      }
  360.  }

在AppScene中渲染对象：

  1.  using System;
  2.  using System.Collections.Generic;
  3.  using System.Linq;
  4.  using System.Text;
  5.  using AppScene;
  6.  using Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D;
  7.  using Microsoft.DirectX;
  8.  using System.Drawing;
  9.  using System.IO;
  10.  using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
  11.  using Utility;
  12.  
  13.  namespace GdalReader
  14.  {
  15.      class SimpleRasterShow : WorldWind.Renderable.RenderableObject
  16.      {
  17.          private CustomVertex.PositionTextured[] vertices;// 定义顶点变量
  18.          private Texture texture;//定义贴图变量
  19.          private Material material;//定义材质变量
  20.          public Bitmap bitmap = null;
  21.          public SimpleRasterShow(string name)
  22.              : base(name)
  23.          {
  24.  
  25.          }
  26.          public override void Initialize(DrawArgs drawArgs)
  27.          {
  28.              this.isInitialized = true;
  29.              LoadTexturesAndMaterials(drawArgs);
  30.              VertexDeclaration();
  31.          }
  32.  
  33.          public override void Update(DrawArgs drawArgs)
  34.          {
  35.              if (!isInitialized && isOn)
  36.              {
  37.                  Initialize(drawArgs);
  38.              }
  39.          }
  40.  
  41.          public override void Render(DrawArgs drawArgs)
  42.          {
  43.              if (!isInitialized || !isOn)
  44.                  return;
  45.  
  46.              VertexFormats format = drawArgs.Device.VertexFormat;
  47.              FillMode currentCull = drawArgs.Device.RenderState.FillMode;
  48.              int currentColorOp = drawArgs.Device.GetTextureStageStateInt32(, TextureStageStates.ColorOperation);
  49.              int zBuffer = drawArgs.Device.GetRenderStateInt32(RenderStates.ZEnable);
  50.              try
  51.              {
  52.                  drawArgs.Device.RenderState.FillMode = FillMode.Solid;
  53.                  drawArgs.Device.RenderState.Lighting = false;
  54.  
  55.                  drawArgs.Device.RenderState.DiffuseMaterialSource = ColorSource.Color1;
  56.                  drawArgs.Device.RenderState.AlphaBlendEnable = true;
  57.                  drawArgs.Device.RenderState.AlphaTestEnable = true;
  58.  
  59.                  drawArgs.Device.RenderState.ReferenceAlpha = ;
  60.                  drawArgs.Device.RenderState.AlphaFunction = Compare.Greater;
  61.  
  62.                  drawArgs.Device.RenderState.SourceBlend = Blend.SourceAlpha;
  63.                  drawArgs.Device.RenderState.DestinationBlend = Blend.BothInvSourceAlpha;
  64.                  drawArgs.Device.RenderState.BlendOperation = BlendOperation.Add;
  65.  
  66.                  drawArgs.Device.SetTexture(, texture);//设置贴图
  67.                  drawArgs.Device.TextureState[].ColorOperation = TextureOperation.Modulate;
  68.                  drawArgs.Device.TextureState[].ColorArgument1 = TextureArgument.TextureColor;
  69.                  drawArgs.Device.TextureState[].ColorArgument2 = TextureArgument.Current;
  70.                  drawArgs.Device.TextureState[].AlphaOperation = TextureOperation.SelectArg2;
  71.                  drawArgs.Device.TextureState[].AlphaArgument1 = TextureArgument.TextureColor;
  72.                  //device.TextureState[0].AlphaArgument2 = TextureArgument.Diffuse;
  73.  
  74.                  drawArgs.Device.VertexFormat = CustomVertex.PositionTextured.Format;
  75.                  drawArgs.Device.DrawUserPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, , vertices);
  76.              }
  77.              catch (Exception ex)
  78.              {
  79.                  Log.Write(ex);
  80.              }
  81.              finally
  82.              {
  83.                  drawArgs.Device.VertexFormat = format;
  84.                  drawArgs.Device.RenderState.FillMode = currentCull;
  85.                  drawArgs.Device.SetTextureStageState(, TextureStageStates.ColorOperation, currentColorOp);
  86.                  drawArgs.Device.SetRenderState(RenderStates.ZEnable, zBuffer);
  87.                  drawArgs.Device.Indices = null;
  88.              }
  89.          }
  90.  
  91.          private void VertexDeclaration1()//定义顶点1
  92.          {
  93.              vertices = new CustomVertex.PositionTextured[];
  94.              vertices[].Position = new Vector3(10f, 10f, 0f);
  95.              vertices[].Tu = ;
  96.              vertices[].Tv = ;
  97.              vertices[].Position = new Vector3(-10f, -10f, 0f);
  98.              vertices[].Tu = ;
  99.              vertices[].Tv = ;
  100.              vertices[].Position = new Vector3(10f, -10f, 0f);
  101.              vertices[].Tu = ;
  102.              vertices[].Tv = ;
  103.          }
  104.          private void VertexDeclaration()//定义顶点
  105.          {
  106.              vertices = new CustomVertex.PositionTextured[];
  107.              vertices[].Position = new Vector3(10f, 10f, 0f);
  108.              vertices[].Tu = ;
  109.              vertices[].Tv = ;
  110.              vertices[].Position = new Vector3(-10f, -10f, 0f);
  111.              vertices[].Tu = ;
  112.              vertices[].Tv = ;
  113.              vertices[].Position = new Vector3(10f, -10f, 0f);
  114.              vertices[].Tu = ;
  115.              vertices[].Tv = ;
  116.              vertices[].Position = new Vector3(-10f, -10f, 0f);
  117.              vertices[].Tu = ;
  118.              vertices[].Tv = ;
  119.              vertices[].Position = new Vector3(10f, 10f, 0f);
  120.              vertices[].Tu = ;
  121.              vertices[].Tv = ;
  122.              vertices[].Position = new Vector3(-10f, 10f, 0f);
  123.              vertices[].Tu = ;
  124.              vertices[].Tv = ;
  125.  
  126.          }
  127.  
  128.          private void LoadTexturesAndMaterials(DrawArgs args)//导入贴图和材质
  129.          {
  130.              material = new Material();
  131.              material.Diffuse = Color.White;
  132.              material.Specular = Color.LightGray;
  133.              material.SpecularSharpness = 15.0F;
  134.              args.Device.Material = material;
  135.              //MemoryStream memory = new MemoryStream();
  136.              //BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
  137.              //formatter.Serialize(memory, bitmap);
  138.              int bufferSize = bitmap.Height * bitmap.Width * ;
  139.  
  140.              System.IO.MemoryStream memory = new System.IO.MemoryStream();
  141.  
  142.              bitmap.Save(memory, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Bmp);
  143.              memory.Seek(, SeekOrigin.Begin);
  144.              texture = TextureLoader.FromStream(args.Device, memory);
  145.              //if (File.Exists(@"d:\temp.jpg"))
  146.              //{
  147.              //    File.Delete(@"d:\temp.jpg");
  148.              //}
  149.              //bitmap.Save(@"d:\temp.jpg");
  150.              //texture = TextureLoader.FromFile(args.Device, @"d:\temp.jpg");
  151.          }
  152.  
  153.          public override void Dispose()
  154.          {
  155.          }
  156.  
  157.          public override bool PerformSelectionAction(DrawArgs drawArgs)
  158.          {
  159.              return true;
  160.              // throw new NotImplementedException();
  161.          }
  162.      }
  163.  }

结果：

存在的问题：

其实就是读取影像的时候构建了一个BitMap，没有和金字塔结合，没有实现在放大缩小的时候动态加载金字塔数据。对于特别大的影像加载会失败！

其实初始加载的时候应该根据画布的大小，加载一个缩略的全局影像，放大过程中动态加载不同级别的金字塔影像！

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