SpringMVC+MyBatis+Shiro 配置文件详解

1、web.xml文件的配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
    <!-- Web容器加载顺序ServletContext--context-param--listener--filter--servlet -->  

    <!-- 指定Spring的配置文件 -->
    <!-- 否则Spring会默认从WEB-INF下寻找配置文件,contextConfigLocation属性是Spring内部固定的 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath*:/spring-context*.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>  

    <!-- 防止发生java.beans.Introspector内存泄露,应将它配置在ContextLoaderListener的前面 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
    </listener>  

    <!-- 实例化Spring容器 -->
    <!-- 应用启动时,该监听器被执行,它会读取Spring相关配置文件,其默认会到WEB-INF中查找applicationContext.xml -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>  

    <!-- 解决乱码问题 -->
    <!-- forceEncoding默认为false,此时效果可大致理解为request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8") -->
    <!-- forceEncoding=true后,可大致理解为request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8")和response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8") -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>SpringEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>SpringEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>  

    <!-- 配置Shiro过滤器,先让Shiro过滤系统接收到的请求 -->
    <!-- 这里filter-name必须对应applicationContext.xml中定义的<bean id="shiroFilter"/> -->
    <!-- 使用[/*]匹配所有请求,保证所有的可控请求都经过Shiro的过滤 -->
    <!-- 通常会将此filter-mapping放置到最前面(即其他filter-mapping前面),以保证它是过滤器链中第一个起作用的 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <!-- 该值缺省为false,表示生命周期由SpringApplicationContext管理,设置为true则表示由ServletContainer管理 -->
            <param-name>targetFilterLifecycle</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>  

    <!-- SpringMVC核心分发器 -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath*:/spring-mvc*.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>  

    <!-- Session超时30分钟(零或负数表示会话永不超时)-->
    <!--
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>30</session-timeout>
    </session-config>
     -->  

    <!-- 默认欢迎页 -->
    <!-- Servlet2.5中可直接在此处执行Servlet应用,如<welcome-file>servlet/InitSystemParamServlet</welcome-file> -->
    <!-- 这里使用了SpringMVC提供的<mvc:view-controller>标签,实现了首页隐藏的目的,详见applicationContext.xml -->
    <!--
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
     -->  

    <error-page>
        <error-code>405</error-code>
        <location>/WEB-INF/405.html</location>
    </error-page>
    <error-page>
        <error-code>404</error-code>
        <location>/WEB-INF/404.jsp</location>
    </error-page>
    <error-page>
        <error-code>500</error-code>
        <location>/WEB-INF/500.jsp</location>
    </error-page>
    <error-page>
        <exception-type>java.lang.Throwable</exception-type>
        <location>/WEB-INF/500.jsp</location>
    </error-page>
</web-app>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID"
    version="3.0">
    <display-name>yd-tmpl-flat</display-name>
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>home2.jsp</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>

    <!-- SpringMVC核心分发器 -->
    <!-- Web容器加载顺序ServletContext /context-param/listener/filter/servlet -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!-- Spring会默认从WEB-INF下寻找配置文件,contextConfigLocation属性是Spring内部固定的 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        <!-- <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> -->
    </context-param>    

    <!-- 防止发生java.beans.Introspector内存泄露,应将它配置在ContextLoaderListener的前面 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
     <!-- 应用启动时,该监听器被执行,它会读取Spring相关配置文件,其默认会到WEB-INF中查找applicationContext.xml -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!-- 配置Shiro过滤器,先让Shiro过滤系统接收到的请求 -->
    <!-- 这里filter-name必须对应applicationContext.xml中定义的<bean id="shiroFilter"/> -->
    <!-- 使用[/*]匹配所有请求,保证所有的可控请求都经过Shiro的过滤 -->
    <!-- 通常会将此filter-mapping放置到最前面(即其他filter-mapping前面),以保证它是过滤器链中第一个起作用的 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>targetFilterLifecycle</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!-- 解决乱码问题 -->
    <!-- forceEncoding默认为false,此时效果可大致理解为request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8") -->
    <!-- forceEncoding=true后,可大致理解为request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8")和response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8") -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>SpringEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>SpringEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>  

    <!-- Session超时30分钟(零或负数表示会话永不超时)-->
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>30</session-timeout>
    </session-config>
    <!-- Error 页面跳转 -->
    <error-page>
        <error-code>405</error-code>
        <location>/WEB-INF/405.html</location>
    </error-page>
    <error-page>
        <error-code>404</error-code>
        <location>/WEB-INF/404.jsp</location>
    </error-page>
    <error-page>
        <error-code>500</error-code>
        <location>/WEB-INF/500.jsp</location>
    </error-page>
    <error-page>
        <exception-type>java.lang.Throwable</exception-type>
        <location>/WEB-INF/500.jsp</location>
    </error-page>  

</web-app>

2、spring-mvc.xml文件的配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">
    <!-- 它背后注册了很多用于解析注解的处理器,其中就包括<context:annotation-config/>配置的注解所使用的处理器 -->
    <!-- 所以配置了<context:component-scan base-package="">之后,便无需再配置<context:annotation-config> -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.papio"/>  

    <!-- 启用SpringMVC的注解功能,它会自动注册HandlerMapping、HandlerAdapter、ExceptionResolver的相关实例 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>  

    <!-- 配置SpringMVC的视图解析器 -->
    <!-- 其viewClass属性的默认值就是org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>  

    <!-- 默认访问跳转到登录页面(即定义无需Controller的url<->view直接映射) -->
    <mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="forward:/login.jsp"/>  

    <!-- 由于web.xml中设置是：由SpringMVC拦截所有请求,于是在读取静态资源文件的时候就会受到影响(说白了就是读不到) -->
    <!-- 经过下面的配置，该标签的作用就是：所有页面中引用"/js/**"的资源，都会从"/resources/js/"里面进行查找 -->
    <!-- 我们可以访问http://IP:8080/xxx/js/my.css和http://IP:8080/xxx/resources/js/my.css对比出来 -->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/resources/js/"/>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/resources/css/"/>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/WEB-INF/**" location="/WEB-INF/"/>  

    <!-- SpringMVC在超出上传文件限制时，会抛出org.springframework.web.multipart.MaxUploadSizeExceededException -->
    <!-- 该异常是SpringMVC在检查上传的文件信息时抛出来的，而且此时还没有进入到Controller方法中 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
        <property name="exceptionMappings">
            <props>
                <!-- 遇到MaxUploadSizeExceededException异常时，自动跳转到/WEB-INF/error_fileupload.jsp页面 -->
                <prop key="org.springframework.web.multipart.MaxUploadSizeExceededException">WEB-INF/error_fileupload</prop>
                <!-- 处理其它异常(包括Controller抛出的) -->
                <prop key="java.lang.Throwable">WEB-INF/500</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-4.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">

    <!-- 所以配置了<context:component-scan base-package="">之后,便无需再配置<context:annotation-config> -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ydweb.data.daoimpl"/>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ydweb.data.serviceimpl"/>    

    <!-- 启用SpringMVC的注解功能,它会自动注册HandlerMapping、HandlerAdapter、ExceptionResolver的相关实例-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>    

    <!-- 配置SpringMVC的视图解析器 -->
    <!-- 其viewClass属性的默认值就是org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 默认访问跳转到登录页面(即定义无需Controller的url-view直接映射) -->
    <mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="forward:/login.jsp"/> 

    <!-- 读取静态资源文件，经过下面的配置，该标签的作用就是：所有页面中引用"/js/**"的资源，都会从"/resources/js/"里面进行查找 -->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/resources/js/"/>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/resources/css/"/>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/WEB-INF/**" location="/WEB-INF/"/>  

    <!-- SpringMVC在超出上传文件限制时，会抛出org.springframework.web.multipart.MaxUploadSizeExceededException -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
        <property name="exceptionMappings">
            <props>
                <!-- 遇到MaxUploadSizeExceededException异常时，自动跳转到/WEB-INF/error_fileupload.jsp页面 -->
                <prop key="org.springframework.web.multipart.MaxUploadSizeExceededException">WEB-INF/error_fileupload</prop>
                <prop key="java.lang.Throwable">WEB-INF/500</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>  

    <!-- 定义缓存管理器 -->
    <bean id="cacheManager" class="org.apache.shiro.cache.MemoryConstrainedCacheManager" />
    <bean id="sessionManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.session.mgt.DefaultWebSessionManager">
       <!-- session的失效时长，单位毫秒 -->
     <property name="globalSessionTimeout" value="600000"/>
      <!-- 删除失效的session -->
     <property name="deleteInvalidSessions" value="true"/>
   </bean>
    <!-- 定义Realm -->
    <bean id="simpleRealm" class="com.ydweb.domain.security.SimpleRealm"></bean>
    <bean id="securityManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager">
        <!-- Single realm app (realm configured next, below). If you have multiple realms, use the 'realms' property instead. -->
        <property name="realm" ref="simpleRealm" />
        <!-- Uncomment this next property if you want heterogenous session access or clusterable/distributable sessions. The default value is 'http' which uses the Servlet container's HttpSession as the underlying Session implementation.
        <property name="sessionMode" value="native"/> -->

         <!-- 使用配置的缓存管理器
         <property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManager"></property> -->
         <!-- 会话管理
         <property name="sessionManager" ref="sessionManager" />-->

    </bean>

    <!-- 配置 Bean 后置处理器: 会自动的调用和 Spring 整合后各个组件的生命周期方法. -->
    <bean id="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.LifecycleBeanPostProcessor"/>    

    <!-- ShiroFilter -->
    <bean id="shiroFilter" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean">
        <property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager" />
        <property name="loginUrl" value="/user/default/loginform" />
        <property name="successUrl" value="/dashboard/user/home" />
        <property name="unauthorizedUrl" value="/user/default/logout" />
        <!-- The 'filters' property is usually not necessary unless performing an override, which we want to do here (make authc point to a PassthruAuthenticationFilter instead of the default FormAuthenticationFilter: -->
        <property name="filters">
            <util:map>
                <entry key="authc">
                    <bean class="org.apache.shiro.web.filter.authc.PassThruAuthenticationFilter" />
                </entry>
            </util:map>
        </property>
        <property name="filterChainDefinitions">
            <value>
                /**                         = anon
                /user/default/loginform     = anon
                /user/default/image/captcha = authc
                /assortment/template/home   = perms[suser:view]
                /staffmock/template/home    = perms[suser:view]
                /buyplan/test/home          = perms[suser:view]
            </value>
        </property>
    </bean> 

</beans>

3、spring-context-shiro.xml文件配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"
    default-lazy-init="true">
    <!-- 继承自AuthorizingRealm的自定义Realm,即指定Shiro验证用户登录的类为自定义的ShiroDbRealm.java -->
    <bean id="myRealm" class="com.papio.realm.MyRealm"/>  

    <!-- 定义缓存管理器 -->
   <bean id="cacheManager" class="org.apache.shiro.cache.MemoryConstrainedCacheManager" /> 

   <bean id="sessionManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.session.mgt.DefaultWebSessionManager">
       <!-- session的失效时长，单位毫秒 -->
     <property name="globalSessionTimeout" value="600000"/>
      <!-- 删除失效的session -->
     <property name="deleteInvalidSessions" value="true"/>
   </bean>

    <!-- Shiro默认会使用Servlet容器的Session,可通过sessionMode属性来指定使用Shiro原生Session -->
    <!-- 即<property name="sessionMode" value="native"/>,详细说明见官方文档 -->
    <!-- 这里主要是设置自定义的单Realm应用,若有多个Realm,可使用'realms'属性代替 -->
    <bean id="securityManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager">
        <property name="realm" ref="myRealm"/>
        <!-- 使用配置的缓存管理器 -->
     <property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManager"></property>
     <!-- 会话管理 -->
     <property name="sessionManager" ref="sessionManager" />
  </bean>  

    <!-- Shiro主过滤器本身功能十分强大,其强大之处就在于它支持任何基于URL路径表达式的、自定义的过滤器的执行 -->
    <!-- Web应用中,Shiro可控制的Web请求必须经过Shiro主过滤器的拦截,Shiro对基于Spring的Web应用提供了完美的支持 -->
    <bean id="shiroFilter" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean">
        <!-- Shiro的核心安全接口,这个属性是必须的 -->
        <property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager"/>
        <!-- 要求登录时的链接(可根据项目的URL进行替换),非必须的属性,默认会自动寻找Web工程根目录下的"/login.jsp"页面 -->
        <property name="loginUrl" value="/"/>
        <!-- 登录成功后要跳转的连接(本例中此属性用不到,因为登录成功后的处理逻辑在LoginController里硬编码为main.jsp了) -->
        <!-- <property name="successUrl" value="/system/main"/> -->
        <!-- 用户访问未对其授权的资源时,所显示的连接 -->
        <!-- 若想更明显的测试此属性可以修改它的值,如unauthor.jsp,然后用[玄玉]登录后访问/admin/listUser.jsp就看见浏览器会显示unauthor.jsp -->
        <property name="unauthorizedUrl" value="/"/>
        <!-- Shiro连接约束配置,即过滤链的定义 -->
        <!-- 此处可配合这篇文章来理解各个过滤连的作用http://blog.csdn.net/jadyer/article/details/12172839 -->
        <!-- 下面value值的第一个'/'代表的路径是相对于HttpServletRequest.getContextPath()的值来的 -->
        <!-- anon：它对应的过滤器里面是空的,什么都没做,这里.do和.jsp后面的*表示参数,比方说login.jsp?main这种 -->
        <!-- authc：该过滤器下的页面必须验证后才能访问,它是Shiro内置的一个拦截器org.apache.shiro.web.filter.authc.FormAuthenticationFilter -->
        <property name="filterChainDefinitions">
            <value>
                /mydemo/login=anon
                /mydemo/getVerifyCodeImage=anon
                /main**=authc
                /user/info**=authc
                /admin/listUser**=authc,perms[admin:manage]
            </value>
        </property>
    </bean>  

    <!-- 保证实现了Shiro内部lifecycle函数的bean执行 -->
    <bean id="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.LifecycleBeanPostProcessor"/>  

    <!-- 开启Shiro的注解(如@RequiresRoles,@RequiresPermissions),需借助SpringAOP扫描使用Shiro注解的类,并在必要时进行安全逻辑验证 -->
    <!-- 配置以下两个bean即可实现此功能 -->
    <!-- Enable Shiro Annotations for Spring-configured beans. Only run after the lifecycleBeanProcessor has run -->
    <!-- 由于本例中并未使用Shiro注解,故注释掉这两个bean(个人觉得将权限通过注解的方式硬编码在程序中,查看起来不是很方便,没必要使用) -->
    <!--
    <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator" depends-on="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor"/>
    <bean class="org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor">
        <property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager"/>
    </bean>
     -->
</beans>  

4、MyRealm.java------自定义的Realm类

package com.papio.realm;  

import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.ReflectionToStringBuilder;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.ToStringStyle;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;  

/**
 * 自定义的指定Shiro验证用户登录的类
 * @see 在本例中定义了2个用户:papio和big,papio具有admin角色和admin:manage权限,big不具有任何角色和权限
 * @create
 * @author
 */
public class MyRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
    /**
     * 为当前登录的Subject授予角色和权限
     * @see 经测试:本例中该方法的调用时机为需授权资源被访问时
     * @see 经测试:并且每次访问需授权资源时都会执行该方法中的逻辑,这表明本例中默认并未启用AuthorizationCache
     * @see 个人感觉若使用了Spring3.1开始提供的ConcurrentMapCache支持,则可灵活决定是否启用AuthorizationCache
     * @see 比如说这里从数据库获取权限信息时,先去访问Spring3.1提供的缓存,而不使用Shior提供的AuthorizationCache
     */
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals){
        //获取当前登录的用户名,等价于(String)principals.fromRealm(this.getName()).iterator().next()
        String currentUsername = (String)super.getAvailablePrincipal(principals);
//      List<String> roleList = new ArrayList<String>();
//      List<String> permissionList = new ArrayList<String>();
//      //从数据库中获取当前登录用户的详细信息
//      User user = userService.getByUsername(currentUsername);
//      if(null != user){
//          //实体类User中包含有用户角色的实体类信息
//          if(null!=user.getRoles() && user.getRoles().size()>0){
//              //获取当前登录用户的角色
//              for(Role role : user.getRoles()){
//                  roleList.add(role.getName());
//                  //实体类Role中包含有角色权限的实体类信息
//                  if(null!=role.getPermissions() && role.getPermissions().size()>0){
//                      //获取权限
//                      for(Permission pmss : role.getPermissions()){
//                          if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(pmss.getPermission())){
//                              permissionList.add(pmss.getPermission());
//                          }
//                      }
//                  }
//              }
//          }
//      }else{
//          throw new AuthorizationException();
//      }
//      //为当前用户设置角色和权限
//      SimpleAuthorizationInfo simpleAuthorInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
//      simpleAuthorInfo.addRoles(roleList);
//      simpleAuthorInfo.addStringPermissions(permissionList);
        SimpleAuthorizationInfo simpleAuthorInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
        //实际中可能会像上面注释的那样从数据库取得
        if(null!=currentUsername && "papio".equals(currentUsername)){
            //添加一个角色,不是配置意义上的添加,而是证明该用户拥有admin角色
            simpleAuthorInfo.addRole("admin");
            //添加权限
            simpleAuthorInfo.addStringPermission("admin:manage");
            System.out.println("已为用户[papio]赋予了[admin]角色和[admin:manage]权限");
            return simpleAuthorInfo;
        }else if(null!=currentUsername && "big".equals(currentUsername)){
            System.out.println("当前用户[big]无授权");
            return simpleAuthorInfo;
        }
        //若该方法什么都不做直接返回null的话,就会导致任何用户访问/admin/listUser.jsp时都会自动跳转到unauthorizedUrl指定的地址
        //详见applicationContext.xml中的<bean id="shiroFilter">的配置
        return null;
    }  

    /**
     * 验证当前登录的Subject
     * @see 经测试:本例中该方法的调用时机为LoginController.login()方法中执行Subject.login()时
     */
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authcToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        //获取基于用户名和密码的令牌
        //实际上这个authcToken是从LoginController里面currentUser.login(token)传过来的
        //两个token的引用都是一样的,本例中是org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken@33799a1e
        UsernamePasswordToken token = (UsernamePasswordToken)authcToken;
        System.out.println("验证当前Subject时获取到token为" + ReflectionToStringBuilder.toString(token, ToStringStyle.MULTI_LINE_STYLE));
//      User user = userService.getByUsername(token.getUsername());
//      if(null != user){
//          AuthenticationInfo authcInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user.getUsername(), user.getPassword(), user.getNickname());
//          this.setSession("currentUser", user);
//          return authcInfo;
//      }else{
//          return null;
//      }
        //此处无需比对,比对的逻辑Shiro会做,我们只需返回一个和令牌相关的正确的验证信息
        //说白了就是第一个参数填登录用户名,第二个参数填合法的登录密码(可以是从数据库中取到的,本例中为了演示就硬编码了)
        //这样一来,在随后的登录页面上就只有这里指定的用户和密码才能通过验证
        if("papio".equals(token.getUsername())){
            AuthenticationInfo authcInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("papio", "papio", this.getName());
            this.setSession("currentUser", "papio");
            return authcInfo;
        }else if("big".equals(token.getUsername())){
            AuthenticationInfo authcInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("big", "big", this.getName());
            this.setSession("currentUser", "big");
            return authcInfo;
        }
        //没有返回登录用户名对应的SimpleAuthenticationInfo对象时,就会在LoginController中抛出UnknownAccountException异常
        return null;
    }  

    /**
     * 将一些数据放到ShiroSession中,以便于其它地方使用
     * @see 比如Controller,使用时直接用HttpSession.getAttribute(key)就可以取到
     */
    private void setSession(Object key, Object value){
        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        if(null != currentUser){
            Session session = currentUser.getSession();
            System.out.println("Session默认超时时间为[" + session.getTimeout() + "]毫秒");
            if(null != session){
                session.setAttribute(key, value);
            }
        }
    }
}

5、LoginController.java------处理用户登录

package com.papio.controller;  

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;  

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;  

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.ReflectionToStringBuilder;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.ToStringStyle;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.ExcessiveAttemptsException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.IncorrectCredentialsException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.LockedAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.apache.shiro.web.util.WebUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;  

/**
 * 本例中用到的jar文件如下
 * @see aopalliance.jar
 * @see commons-lang3-3.1.jar
 * @see commons-logging-1.1.2.jar
 * @see log4j-1.2.17.jar
 * @see shiro-all-1.2.2.jar
 * @see slf4j-api-1.7.5.jar
 * @see slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar
 * @see spring-aop-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * @see spring-beans-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * @see spring-context-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * @see spring-core-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * @see spring-expression-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * @see spring-jdbc-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * @see spring-oxm-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * @see spring-tx-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * @see spring-web-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * @see spring-webmvc-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
 * @create Sep 30, 2013 11:10:06 PM
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("mydemo")
public class LoginController {  

    /**
     * 用户登录
     */
    @RequestMapping(value="/login", method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public String login(HttpServletRequest request){
        String resultPageURL = InternalResourceViewResolver.FORWARD_URL_PREFIX + "/";
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");  

        UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(username, password);
        token.setRememberMe(true);
        System.out.println("为了验证登录用户而封装的token为" + ReflectionToStringBuilder.toString(token, ToStringStyle.MULTI_LINE_STYLE));
        //获取当前的Subject
        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        try {
            //在调用了login方法后,SecurityManager会收到AuthenticationToken,并将其发送给已配置的Realm执行必须的认证检查
            //每个Realm都能在必要时对提交的AuthenticationTokens作出反应
            //所以这一步在调用login(token)方法时,它会走到MyRealm.doGetAuthenticationInfo()方法中,具体验证方式详见此方法
            System.out.println("对用户[" + username + "]进行登录验证..验证开始");
            currentUser.login(token);
            System.out.println("对用户[" + username + "]进行登录验证..验证通过");
            resultPageURL = "main";
        }catch(UnknownAccountException uae){
            System.out.println("对用户[" + username + "]进行登录验证..验证未通过,未知账户");
            request.setAttribute("message_login", "未知账户");
        }catch(IncorrectCredentialsException ice){
            System.out.println("对用户[" + username + "]进行登录验证..验证未通过,错误的凭证");
            request.setAttribute("message_login", "密码不正确");
        }catch(LockedAccountException lae){
            System.out.println("对用户[" + username + "]进行登录验证..验证未通过,账户已锁定");
            request.setAttribute("message_login", "账户已锁定");
        }catch(ExcessiveAttemptsException eae){
            System.out.println("对用户[" + username + "]进行登录验证..验证未通过,错误次数过多");
            request.setAttribute("message_login", "用户名或密码错误次数过多");
        }catch(AuthenticationException ae){
            //通过处理Shiro的运行时AuthenticationException就可以控制用户登录失败或密码错误时的情景
            System.out.println("对用户[" + username + "]进行登录验证..验证未通过,堆栈轨迹如下");
            ae.printStackTrace();
            request.setAttribute("message_login", "用户名或密码不正确");
        }
        //验证是否登录成功
        if(currentUser.isAuthenticated()){
            System.out.println("用户[" + username + "]登录认证通过(这里可以进行一些认证通过后的一些系统参数初始化操作)");
        }else{
            token.clear();
        }
        return resultPageURL;
    }  

    /**
     * 用户登出
     */
    @RequestMapping("/logout")
    public String logout(HttpServletRequest request){
         SecurityUtils.getSubject().logout();
         return InternalResourceViewResolver.REDIRECT_URL_PREFIX + "/";
    }
}

6、UserController.java------处理普通用户访问

package com.papio.controller;  

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;  

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  

@Controller
@RequestMapping("mydemo")
public class UserController {
    @RequestMapping(value="/getUserInfo")
    public String getUserInfo(HttpServletRequest request){
        String currentUser = (String)request.getSession().getAttribute("currentUser");
        System.out.println("当前登录的用户为[" + currentUser + "]");
        request.setAttribute("currUser", currentUser);
        return "/user/info";
    }
}