shell脚本之通过发送带\n字符串或expect脚本实现交互输入自动化

编写shell脚本难免遇到需要交互式输入指令的步骤：

方法一：

# cat action.sh
#!/bin/sh
read -p "enter number:" no;
read -p "enter number:" name;
echo you have entered $no,$name;

# sh action.sh
enter number:chavin
enter number:king
you have entered chavin,king

# echo -e "chavin\nking\n" | sh action.sh
you have entered chavin,king

或者

# echo -e "chavin\nking\n" > input.data

# cat input.data
chavin
king

# sh action.sh < input.data
you have entered chavin,king

案例1：使用交互式自动化为用户改密码：

# useradd chavin0101

# echo -e "dbking588\ndbking588\n" | passwd chavin0101
Changing password for user chavin0101.
New password: Retype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

方法二：

使用expect实现交互式任务自动化，expect工具在一般发行版中默认没有安装，需要手工安装，这里就不演示了。