Locating Elements

Location Methods：

find_element_by_id

find_element_by_name

find_element_by_xpath

find_element_by_link_text

find_element_by_partial_link_text

find_element_by_tag_name

find_element_by_class_name

find_element_by_css_selector

find_elements_by_name

find_elements_by_xpath

find_elements_by_link_text

find_elements_by_partial_link_text

find_elements_by_tag_name

find_elements_by_class_name

find_elements_by_css_selector

Example usage:

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//button[text()="Some text"]')

driver.find_elements(By.XPATH, '//button')

By class attributes:

ID = "id"

XPATH = "xpath"

LINK_TEXT = "link text"

PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT = "partial link text"

NAME = "name"

TAG_NAME = "tag name"

CLASS_NAME = "class name"

CSS_SELECTOR = "css selector"

1.Locating by Id

Page source:

<html>

 <body>

  <form id="loginForm">

   <input name="username" type="text" />

   <input name="password" type="password" />

   <input name="continue" type="submit" value="Login" />

  </form>

 </body>

<html>

login_form = driver.find_element_by_id('loginForm')

2.Locating by Name

Page source:

<html>

 <body>

  <form id="loginForm">

   <input name="username" type="text" />

   <input name="password" type="password" />

   <input name="continue" type="submit" value="Login" />

   <input name="continue" type="button" value="Clear" />

  </form>

</body>

<html>

username = driver.find_element_by_name('username')

password = driver.find_element_by_name('password')

continue = driver.find_element_by_name('continue')	//"Login" button,it occures before the "Clear" button

3.Locating by XPath

Page source:

<html>

 <body>

  <form id="loginForm">

   <input name="username" type="text" />

   <input name="password" type="password" />

   <input name="continue" type="submit" value="Login" />

   <input name="continue" type="button" value="Clear" />

  </form>

</body>

<html>

//locating form

login_form = driver.find_element_by_xpath("/html/body/form[1]")

login_form = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//form[1]")

login_form = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//form[@id='loginForm']")

//locating username

username = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//form[input/@name='username']")

username = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//form[@id='loginForm']/input[1]")

username = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@name='username']")

//locating "Clear"

clear_button = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@name='continue'][@type='button']")

clear_button = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//form[@id='loginForm']/input[4]")

4.Locating Hyperlinks by Link Text

Page source:

<html>

 <body>

  <p>Are you sure you want to do this?</p>

  <a href="continue.html">Continue</a>

  <a href="cancel.html">Cancel</a>

</body>

<html>

continue_link = driver.find_element_by_link_text('Continue')

continue_link = driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text('Conti')

5.Locating Elements by Tag Name

Page source:

<html>

 <body>

  <h1>Welcome</h1>

  <p>Site content goes here.</p>

</body>

<html>

heading1 = driver.find_element_by_tag_name('h1')

6.Locating Elements by Class Name

Page source:

<html>

 <body>

  <p class="content">Site content goes here.</p>

</body>

<html>

content = driver.find_element_by_class_name('content') //Locating "p" element

7.Locating Elements by CSS Selectors

Page source:

<html>

 <body>

  <p class="content">Site content goes here.</p>

</body>

<html>

content = driver.find_element_by_css_selector('p.content')	////Locating "p" element

节选自Selenium官网Doc：

https://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/locating-elements.html

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