不同网段之间进行通信，中间有多个路由器的情况下，我们可以通过配置RIP动态路由来实现数据转发。

实验拓扑

如图所示连接，地址规划如下：

名称 接口 IP地址
R1 f0/0 192.168.10.1/24
R1 f0/1 192.168.20.1/30
R2 f0/0 192.168.20.2/30
R2 f0/1 192.168.30.1/30
R3 f0/0 192.168.30.2/30
R3 f0/1 192.168.40.1/24
PC1 e0 192.168.10.2/24
PC2 e0 192.168.40.2/24

配置方法

R1(config)#router rip

R1(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0

R1(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0

R1(config-router)#version 2

R1(config-router)#no auto-summary

R1(config-router)#ex

配置过程

配置 IP 地址

  • R1
R1#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

R1(config)#int f0/0

R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#no sh

R1(config-if)#ex

R1(config)#int f0/1

R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.252

R1(config-if)#no sh

R1(config-if)#ex

R1(config)#do show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C    192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

     192.168.20.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       192.168.20.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
  • R2
R2#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

R2(config)#int f0/0

R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.20.2 255.255.255.252

R2(config-if)#no sh

R2(config-if)#ex

R2(config)#int f0/1

R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.252

R2(config-if)#no sh

R2(config-if)#ex

R2(config)#do show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     192.168.30.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       192.168.30.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

     192.168.20.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       192.168.20.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
  • R3
R3#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

R3(config)#int f0/0

R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.30.2 255.255.255.252

R3(config-if)#no sh

R3(config-if)#ex

R3(config)#int f0/1

R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.40.1 255.255.255.0

R3(config-if)#no sh

R3(config-if)#ex

R3(config)#do show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     192.168.30.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       192.168.30.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C    192.168.40.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
  • PC1
PC1> ip 192.168.10.2 192.168.10.1

Checking for duplicate address...

PC1 : 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.10.1
  • PC2
PC2> ip 192.168.40.2 192.168.40.1

Checking for duplicate address...

PC1 : 192.168.40.2 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.40.1

默认不可互通

PC1> ping 192.168.40.2

*192.168.10.1 icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=18.978 ms (ICMP type:3, code:1, Destination host unreachable)

*192.168.10.1 icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=12.061 ms (ICMP type:3, code:1, Destination host unreachable)

*192.168.10.1 icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=6.137 ms (ICMP type:3, code:1, Destination host unreachable)

*192.168.10.1 icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=7.963 ms (ICMP type:3, code:1, Destination host unreachable)

*192.168.10.1 icmp_seq=5 ttl=255 time=7.970 ms (ICMP type:3, code:1, Destination host unreachable)


PC2> ping 192.168.10.2

*192.168.40.1 icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=10.004 ms (ICMP type:3, code:1, Destination host unreachable)

*192.168.40.1 icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=6.786 ms (ICMP type:3, code:1, Destination host unreachable)

*192.168.40.1 icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=7.979 ms (ICMP type:3, code:1, Destination host unreachable)

*192.168.40.1 icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=10.064 ms (ICMP type:3, code:1, Destination host unreachable)

*192.168.40.1 icmp_seq=5 ttl=255 time=10.939 ms (ICMP type:3, code:1, Destination host unreachable)

配置 RIP

  • R1
R1(config)#router rip

R1(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0

R1(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0

R1(config-router)#version 2

R1(config-router)#no auto-summary

R1(config-router)#ex
  • R2
R2(config)#router rip

R2(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0

R2(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0

R2(config-router)#version 2

R2(config-router)#no auto-summary

R2(config-router)#ex
  • R3
R3(config)#router rip

R3(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0

R3(config-router)#network 192.168.40.0

R3(config-router)#version 2

R3(config-router)#no auto-summary

R3(config-router)#ex

查看路由表

  • R1
R1(config)#do show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     192.168.30.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets

R       192.168.30.0 [120/1] via 192.168.20.2, 00:00:14, FastEthernet0/1

C    192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

R    192.168.40.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.20.2, 00:00:14, FastEthernet0/1

     192.168.20.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       192.168.20.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
  • R2
R2(config)#do show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     192.168.30.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       192.168.30.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

R    192.168.10.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.20.1, 00:00:07, FastEthernet0/0

R    192.168.40.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.30.2, 00:00:22, FastEthernet0/1

     192.168.20.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       192.168.20.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
  • R3
R3(config)#do show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     192.168.30.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       192.168.30.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

R    192.168.10.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.30.1, 00:00:01, FastEthernet0/0

C    192.168.40.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

     192.168.20.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets

R       192.168.20.0 [120/1] via 192.168.30.1, 00:00:01, FastEthernet0/0

验证结果

PC1> ping 192.168.40.2

192.168.40.2 icmp_seq=1 timeout

192.168.40.2 icmp_seq=2 timeout

192.168.40.2 icmp_seq=3 timeout

192.168.40.2 icmp_seq=4 timeout

84 bytes from 192.168.40.2 icmp_seq=5 ttl=61 time=55.813 ms

PC1> ping 192.168.40.2

84 bytes from 192.168.40.2 icmp_seq=1 ttl=61 time=63.822 ms

84 bytes from 192.168.40.2 icmp_seq=2 ttl=61 time=54.815 ms

84 bytes from 192.168.40.2 icmp_seq=3 ttl=61 time=62.803 ms

84 bytes from 192.168.40.2 icmp_seq=4 ttl=61 time=56.948 ms

84 bytes from 192.168.40.2 icmp_seq=5 ttl=61 time=63.943 ms


PC2> ping 192.168.10.2

84 bytes from 192.168.10.2 icmp_seq=1 ttl=61 time=64.749 ms

84 bytes from 192.168.10.2 icmp_seq=2 ttl=61 time=62.858 ms

84 bytes from 192.168.10.2 icmp_seq=3 ttl=61 time=54.841 ms

84 bytes from 192.168.10.2 icmp_seq=4 ttl=61 time=62.966 ms

84 bytes from 192.168.10.2 icmp_seq=5 ttl=61 time=54.853 ms

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