C++ 通过SQLite实现命令行工具

本文介绍了一个基于 C++、SQLite 和 Boost 库的简单交互式数据库操作 Shell。该 Shell 允许用户通过命令行输入执行各种数据库操作，包括添加、删除主机信息，设置主机到特定主机组，以及显示主机和主机组列表。通过调用 SQLite3 库实现数据库连接和操作，以及使用 Boost 库进行字符串解析和格式化。该交互式 Shell 提供了一些基本的命令，使用户能够方便地管理主机信息和组织结构。代码结构清晰，易于理解，可根据需要扩展和定制功能。

数据库的基本使用方法请看《C/C++ 通过SQLiteSDK增删改查》这篇文章，针对如何使用Boost解析命令行参数请看《4.9 C++ Boost 命令行解析库》这篇文章，此处只给出实现代码，如下所示；

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <map>
#include <vector>
#include <time.h>
#include "sqlite3.h"

#include <boost/format.hpp>
#include <boost/tokenizer.hpp>
#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>

using namespace std;
using namespace boost;

sqlite3* open_database(std::string database_name)
{
	int ref = -1;
	sqlite3 *db = 0;

	ref = sqlite3_open(database_name.c_str(), &db);
	if (ref == SQLITE_OK)
		return db;
	return false;
}
bool close_database(sqlite3 *db)
{
	int ref = sqlite3_close(db);
	if (ref == SQLITE_OK)
		return true;
	return false;
}
bool exec_sql(sqlite3 *db, char *sql)
{
	char *error_code = 0;
	int ref = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, 0, 0, &error_code);
	if (ref == SQLITE_OK)
	{
		return true;
	}
	return false;
}

// 初始化创建表结构
void Init_Database()
{
	sqlite3* open_db = open_database("./database.db");
	if (open_db != false)
	{
		std::string sql =
			"create table HostDB("
			"uid primary key,"
			"host_address char(128) not null,"
			"host_username char(128) not null,"
			"host_password char(128) not null,"
			"host_port char(128) not null,"
			"host_group char(128) not null default 'DefaultGroup'"
			");";
		char run_sql[1024] = { 0 };
		strcpy(run_sql, sql.c_str());
		exec_sql(open_db, run_sql);
	}
	close_database(open_db);
}

// 增加一条主机记录
void AddHost_DB(sqlite3* open_db, std::string address, std::string username, std::string password, std::string port)
{
	std::string format_string = boost::str(boost::format("insert into HostDB(host_address,host_username,host_password,host_port) values('%s','%s','%s','%s');") % address %username %password %port);
	char run_sql[2048] = { 0 };
	strcpy(run_sql, format_string.c_str());
	bool ref = exec_sql(open_db, run_sql);
	if (ref == true)
	{
		std::cout << "[+] 增加主机: " << address << " 完成" << std::endl;
	}
}

// 删除特定主机记录
void DeleteHost_DB(sqlite3 *open_db, std::string address)
{
	std::string format_string = boost::str(boost::format("delete from HostDB where host_address = '%s';") % address);
	char run_sql[2048] = { 0 };
	strcpy(run_sql, format_string.c_str());
	bool ref = exec_sql(open_db, run_sql);
	if (ref == true)
	{
		std::cout << "[-] 删除主机: " << address << " 完成" << std::endl;
	}
}

// 将特定主机加入到特定主机组
void SetHostGroup_DB(sqlite3* open_db, std::string address, std::string group_name)
{
	std::string format_string = boost::str(boost::format("update HostDB set host_group='%s' where host_address = '%s';") % group_name %address);
	char run_sql[2048] = { 0 };
	strcpy(run_sql, format_string.c_str());
	bool ref = exec_sql(open_db, run_sql);
	if (ref == true)
	{
		std::cout << "[+] 主机: " << address << " 已加入到: " << group_name << " 组" << std::endl;
	}
}

// 输出所有主机组
void ShowHostGroup_DB(sqlite3 *open_db)
{
	sqlite3_stmt *stmt = 0;
	// std::string format_string = "SELECT distinct(host_group) FROM 'HostDB';";
	std::string format_string = "SELECT host_group,count(*) FROM HostDB GROUP BY host_group;";

	char run_sql[1024] = { 0 };
	strcpy(run_sql, format_string.c_str());

	int ref = sqlite3_prepare_v2(open_db, run_sql, -1, &stmt, 0);
	if (ref == SQLITE_OK)
	{
		while (sqlite3_step(stmt) == SQLITE_ROW)
		{
			const unsigned char *host_group = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 0);
			int host_group_count = sqlite3_column_int(stmt, 1);

			std::cout << host_group << "                    " << host_group_count << std::endl;
		}
	}
	sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
}

// 输出所有主机
void ShowHost_DB(sqlite3 *open_db)
{
	sqlite3_stmt *stmt = 0;
	std::string format_string = "select * from HostDB;";

	char run_sql[1024] = { 0 };
	strcpy(run_sql, format_string.c_str());

	int ref = sqlite3_prepare_v2(open_db, run_sql, -1, &stmt, 0);
	if (ref == SQLITE_OK)
	{
		while (sqlite3_step(stmt) == SQLITE_ROW)
		{
			const unsigned char *host_address = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 1);
			const unsigned char *host_username = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 2);
			const unsigned char *host_paddword = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 3);
			const unsigned char *host_port = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 4);
			const unsigned char *host_group = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 5);

			std::cout << host_address << "     "
				<< host_username << "     "
				<< host_paddword << "     "
				<< host_port << "     "
				<< host_group << std::endl;
		}
	}
	sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
}

// 输出特定主机组中的主机
void ShowGroupHostList(sqlite3 *open_db, std::string group_name)
{
	sqlite3_stmt *stmt = 0;
	std::string format_string = boost::str(boost::format("select * from HostDB where host_group = '%s';") % group_name);
	char run_sql[2048] = { 0 };
	strcpy(run_sql, format_string.c_str());

	int ref = sqlite3_prepare_v2(open_db, run_sql, -1, &stmt, 0);
	if (ref == SQLITE_OK)
	{
		std::cout << "----------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
		std::cout << "主机组: " << group_name << std::endl;
		std::cout << "----------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
		while (sqlite3_step(stmt) == SQLITE_ROW)
		{
			const unsigned char *host_address = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 1);
			const unsigned char *host_username = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 2);
			const unsigned char *host_port = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 4);

			std::cout << host_address << "     "
				<< host_username << "     "
				<< host_port << std::endl;
		}
	}
	sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
}

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
	sqlite3* open_db = open_database("./database.db");
	Init_Database();
	std::string command;

	while (1)
	{
		std::cout << "[ LyShark Shell ] # ";
		std::getline(std::cin, command);

		if (command.length() == 0)
		{
			continue;
		}
		else if (command == "help")
		{
			std::cout << "帮助菜单" << std::endl;
		}
		else
		{
			boost::char_separator<char> sep(", --");
			typedef boost::tokenizer<boost::char_separator<char>> CustonTokenizer;
			CustonTokenizer tok(command, sep);
			std::vector<std::string> vecSegTag;
			for (CustonTokenizer::iterator beg = tok.begin(); beg != tok.end(); ++beg)
			{
				vecSegTag.push_back(*beg);
			}
			if (vecSegTag.size() == 9 && vecSegTag[0] == "AddHost")
			{
				if (vecSegTag[1] == "address" && vecSegTag[3] == "username" && vecSegTag[5] == "password" && vecSegTag[7] == "port")
				{
					std::string set_address = vecSegTag[2];
					std::string set_username = vecSegTag[4];
					std::string set_password = vecSegTag[6];
					std::string set_port = vecSegTag[8];
					AddHost_DB(open_db, set_address, set_username, set_password, set_port);
				}
			}
			else if (vecSegTag.size() == 3 && vecSegTag[0] == "DeleteHost")
			{
				if (vecSegTag[1] == "address")
				{
					std::string set_address = vecSegTag[2];
					DeleteHost_DB(open_db, set_address);
				}
			}
			else if (vecSegTag.size() == 5 && vecSegTag[0] == "SetHostGroup")
			{
				if (vecSegTag[1] == "address" && vecSegTag[3] == "group")
				{
					std::string set_address = vecSegTag[2];
					std::string set_group = vecSegTag[4];
					SetHostGroup_DB(open_db, set_address, set_group);
				}
			}
			else if (vecSegTag.size() == 1 && vecSegTag[0] == "ShowHost")
			{
				std::cout << "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
				std::cout << "IP地址     " << "用户名     " << "密码     " << "端口号     " << "默认组     " << std::endl;
				std::cout << "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
				ShowHost_DB(open_db);
			}
			else if (vecSegTag.size() == 1 && vecSegTag[0] == "ShowHostGroup")
			{
				std::cout << "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
				std::cout << "主机组名     " << "主机数量     " << std::endl;
				std::cout << "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
				ShowHostGroup_DB(open_db);
			}
			else if (vecSegTag.size() == 3 && vecSegTag[0] == "ShowGroupHostList")
			{
				if (vecSegTag[1] == "group")
				{
					std::string set_group = vecSegTag[2];
					ShowGroupHostList(open_db, set_group);
				}
			}
		}
	}

	close_database(open_db);
	return 0;
}

添加主机记录: AddHost --address 192.168.1.1 --username root --password 1233 --port 22

删除主机记录: DeleteHost --address 192.168.1.1

将特定主机设置到主机组: SetHostGroup --address 192.168.1.1 --group WebServer

输出所有主机列表: ShowHost

输出所有主机组: ShowHostGroup

输出特定主机组中的主机: ShowGroupHostList --group DefaultGroup