基于python+selenium的框架思路（二）

一、如下是用例格式，第一个sheet为用例汇总，后面的sheet为具体的用例步骤

sheet:测试用例

sheet：搜索

sheet：刘江博客验证

二、读取该excel文件取出关键字等信息，作为关键字的参数，通过反射机制传递给关键字方法去执行。

　　关键字模块如下：ObjectMap.py

# coding:utf-8
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait

# 获取单个页面元素对象
def get_element(driver, locationType, locatorExpression):
    try:
        element = WebDriverWait(driver, 3).until(lambda x:x.find_element(by=locationType,value = locatorExpression))
        return element
    except Exception, e:
        raise e

# 获取一组元素
def get_elements(driver , locationType, locatorExpression):
    try:
        elements = WebDriverWait(driver, 3).until(lambda x:x.find_elements(by=locationType,value=locatorExpression))
        return elements
    except Exception, e:
        raise e

# 由于关键字函数的参数个数不一样，所以通过传递动态参数*args实现传参，关键字方法
# 最多需要(driver , locationType, locatorExpression, operationValue)四个参数
def open_browser(driver, *args):
    driver.get(args[2])

def input_string(driver, *args):
    try:
        WebDriverWait(driver, 3).until(lambda x: x.find_element(by=args[0], value=args[1])).send_keys(args[2])
    except Exception:
        raise

def click(driver, *args):
    WebDriverWait(driver, 3).until(lambda x: x.find_element(by=args[0], value=args[1])).click()

def assert_equal(driver, *args):
    try:
        assert args[2] in driver.title
    except AssertionError, e:
        raise AssertionError(e)
    except Exception, e:
        raise e

三、测试用例执行模块

# coding:utf-8
from util import ObjectMap, ExcelUtil
import xlrd, xlwt
import time
from xlutils.copy import copy

def run_test():
    from selenium import webdriver
    start_time = time.time()
    # 读取excel中的关键字的值，定位方式的值，定位表达式，和操作值等参数值。然后将参数值传到对应关键字方法中
    excelFile = xlrd.open_workbook(r"D:\KeyWordsFrameWork\testScripts\search.xlsx", formatting_info=True)
    sheet0 = excelFile.sheet_by_index(0) # 获取第一个sheet页
    # 循环第一个sheet页，其中每一行代表一条用例
    for row0 in range(1, sheet0.nrows):
        # 一定要在这个for循环里面再写一次excelFile,要不然执行多条用例时只会在最后一条用例写入结果
        excelFile = xlrd.open_workbook(r"D:\KeyWordsFrameWork\testScripts\search.xlsx", formatting_info=True)
        driver = webdriver.Chrome()
        case_name = sheet0.row_values(row0)[3]  # 获取用例对应的sheet页
        sheet = excelFile.sheet_by_name(case_name)  # 从第一个sheet中获取对应的用例名称找到对应的用例sheet
        maxRows = sheet.nrows  # 获取用例的最大行数，也就是步骤数
        successfulSteps = 0  # 定义执行成功的步骤数
        retDict = {}  # 存放用例结果的字典

        if sheet0.row_values(row0)[4] == 'y':  # 只执行标记为y的用例
            # print case_name
            for row in range(1, maxRows):  # 循环用例步骤
                keyword = sheet.row_values(row)[2]  # 读取关键字列
                # print keyword
                locationType = sheet.row_values(row)[3]  # 获取定位方式
                if locationType not in ['id','xpath','name']:
                    pass
                locatorExpression = sheet.row_values(row)[4]  # 获取定位表达式的值
                operationValue = sheet.row_values(row)[5]  # 获取操作值
                # dir(ObjectMap)获取该模块的所有方法和变量
                # print dir(ObjectMap)
                # 遍历ObjectMap中的方法和属性，如果有名称一致的则通过反射调用对应方法执行关键字
                for i in dir(ObjectMap):
                    if keyword == i:
                        # print i
                        # 要用到反射机制，通过函数名字符串调用对应方法:http://www.liujiangblog.com/course/python/48
                        if hasattr(ObjectMap, keyword):
                             # print '有这个方法'
                            func = getattr(ObjectMap, keyword)
                            try:
                                func(driver, locationType, locatorExpression, operationValue)
                                print '%s:execute OK' % keyword
                                # 执行每个关键字成功后，成功步数+1
                                successfulSteps += 1
                            except Exception:
                                print '%s:excute ERROR' % keyword
                            finally:
                                # 如果成功的步骤数等于用例的步骤数，则整条用例执行成功，写入执行结果
                                if successfulSteps == sheet.nrows - 1:
                                     retDict['result'] = 'PASS'
                                     print retDict['result']
                                     end_time = time.time()
                                     take_time = end_time - start_time
                                     print take_time
                                     # 向已经存在的excel中写入时，需要先copy，copy后sheet页获取sheet方法为get_sheet,与
                                     # 原来的获取方法不一样
                                     excleFileCopy = copy(excelFile)
                                     case_sheet = excleFileCopy.get_sheet(0)
                                     case_sheet.write(row0, 5, take_time)
                                     case_sheet.write(row0, 6, retDict['result'])
                                     # 写入后需要save
                                     excleFileCopy.save(r"D:\KeyWordsFrameWork\testScripts\search.xlsx")
                                     print 'pass write is ok'
                                else:
                                     retDict['result'] = 'FAIL'
                                     print retDict['result']
                                     end_time = time.time()
                                     take_time = end_time - start_time
                                     print take_time
                                     excleFileCopy = copy(excelFile)
                                     case_sheet = excleFileCopy.get_sheet(0)
                                     case_sheet.write(row0, 5, take_time)
                                     case_sheet.write(row0, 6, retDict['result'])
                                     excleFileCopy.save(r"D:\KeyWordsFrameWork\testScripts\search.xlsx")
                                     print 'fail write is ok'
                        else:
                            raise Exception
            driver.quit()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    run_test()