java rsa 解密报:javax.crypto.BadPaddingException: Decryption error

Exception in thread "main" javax.crypto.BadPaddingException: Decryption error
   at sun.security.rsa.RSAPadding.unpadV15(RSAPadding.java:380)
   at sun.security.rsa.RSAPadding.unpad(RSAPadding.java:291)
   at com.sun.crypto.provider.RSACipher.doFinal(RSACipher.java:356)
   at com.sun.crypto.provider.RSACipher.engineDoFinal(RSACipher.java:389)
   at javax.crypto.Cipher.doFinal(Cipher.java:2223)
   at com.asymmetric.rsa.TestRSA.testDecrypt(TestRSA.java:115)

at com.asymmetric.rsa.TestRSA.main(TestRSA.java:34)

简单解释:

字面意思就是解密的时候填充错误,rsa 加解密都是把数据必须满足一定的长度,如果不满足就要进行填充(一般是补0)直到满足特定的长度

测试代码






package com.asymmetric.rsa;





 





import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;





import java.io.IOException;





import java.security.InvalidKeyException;





import java.security.KeyFactory;





import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;





import java.security.PrivateKey;





import java.security.PublicKey;





import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;





import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;





import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;





import java.util.Base64;





 





import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;





import javax.crypto.Cipher;





import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;





import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;





 





 





 





public class TestRSA {





	





	public static String publicKey = "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDQgEoj3z9JrdPNI23DbMQkl3gkGuDke7iBr5yrYyqolkTyxuBLWFwHNuGv4VKOj9fXg61QxpaJ/fxDBvMvmkBSRowHBloGFceVTx8wV/8u0DcjvTCu0IZ1zp6wjG6xBn5j66Sg/q+9hvaY2p7fkKmsvcW6VoNPgQHU1Cf01DLZmQIDAQAB+oXcINOiE3AsuZ4VJmwNZg9Y/7fY+OFRS2JAh5YMsrv2qyoGP+Z9ksre26NYR+Lt91B2lhdwJHLpQpziaANZm/ONb31fj/lwIDAQAB";





	public static String privateKey = "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";





	





	private static String algorithm = "RSA"; //$NON-NLS-1$





	private static final int MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK = 117;





	private static final int MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK = 128;





	private static String data = "test jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihg"; //$NON-NLS-1$





	





	public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException, NoSuchPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException, InvalidKeyException, IOException {





		String test = testEncrypt(privateKey,data);





		String testDecrypt = testDecrypt(publicKey, test);





		System.out.println(testDecrypt);





		





	}





	





 





	/**





	 * 加密





	 * @param key





	 * @param data





	 * @return





	 * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException





	 * @throws InvalidKeySpecException





	 * @throws NoSuchPaddingException





	 * @throws IllegalBlockSizeException





	 * @throws BadPaddingException





	 * @throws InvalidKeyException





	 * @throws IOException 





	 */





	public static String testEncrypt(String key,String data) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException, NoSuchPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException, InvalidKeyException, IOException{





		byte[] decode = Base64.getDecoder().decode(key);





		PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8EncodedKeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decode);





		KeyFactory kf = KeyFactory.getInstance(algorithm);





		PrivateKey generatePrivate = kf.generatePrivate(pkcs8EncodedKeySpec);





		Cipher ci = Cipher.getInstance(algorithm);





		ci.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, generatePrivate);





		





		byte[] bytes = data.getBytes();





		int inputLen = bytes.length;





		int offLen = 0;//偏移量





		int i = 0;





		ByteArrayOutputStream bops = new ByteArrayOutputStream();





		while(inputLen - offLen > 0){





			byte [] cache;





			if(inputLen - offLen > 117){





				cache = ci.doFinal(bytes, offLen,117);





			}else{





				cache = ci.doFinal(bytes, offLen,inputLen - offLen);





			}





			bops.write(cache);





			i++;





			offLen = 117 * i;





		}





		bops.close();





		byte[] encryptedData = bops.toByteArray();





		String encodeToString = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(encryptedData);





		return encodeToString;





	}





	





 





 





	





	/**





	 * 解密





	 * @param key





	 * @param data





	 * @return





	 * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException





	 * @throws InvalidKeyException 





	 * @throws NoSuchPaddingException 





	 * @throws InvalidKeySpecException 





	 * @throws BadPaddingException 





	 * @throws IllegalBlockSizeException 





	 * @throws IOException 





	 */





	public static String testDecrypt(String key,String data) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeyException, NoSuchPaddingException, InvalidKeySpecException, IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException, IOException{





		byte[] decode = Base64.getDecoder().decode(key);





//		PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8EncodedKeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decode); //java底层 RSA公钥只支持X509EncodedKeySpec这种格式





		X509EncodedKeySpec x509EncodedKeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(decode);





		KeyFactory kf = KeyFactory.getInstance(algorithm);





		PublicKey generatePublic = kf.generatePublic(x509EncodedKeySpec);





		Cipher ci = Cipher.getInstance(algorithm);





		ci.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE,generatePublic);





		





		int inputLen = data.getBytes().length;





		byte[] bytes = data.getBytes();





		int offLen = 0;





		int i = 0;





		ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();





		while(inputLen - offLen > 0){





			byte[] cache;





			if(inputLen - offLen > 128){





				cache = ci.doFinal(bytes,offLen,128); 





			}else{





				cache = ci.doFinal(bytes,offLen,inputLen - offLen);





			}





			byteArrayOutputStream.write(cache);





			i++;





			offLen = 128 * i;





			





		}





		byteArrayOutputStream.close();





		byte[] byteArray = byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray();





		return new String(byteArray);





	}





	





	





	





}

问题点:

后来发现确实是我自己的错误,rsa 加密后返回的字符串使用Base64编码的,忘了解密直接getBytes()就出错了

api 指出:BadPaddingException - 如果此 Cipher 为解密模式，并且未请求填充（或不填充），但解密的数据没有用适当的填充字节进行限制

只要是cipher.doFinal()解密时报 BadPaddingException 肯定是传入的字节数组有问题,传的不是加密时生成的数组

修正后的代码:






package com.asymmetric.rsa;





 





import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;





import java.io.IOException;





import java.security.InvalidKeyException;





import java.security.KeyFactory;





import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;





import java.security.PrivateKey;





import java.security.PublicKey;





import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;





import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;





import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;





import java.util.Base64;





 





import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;





import javax.crypto.Cipher;





import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;





import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;





 





 





 





public class TestRSA {





	





	public static String publicKey = "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDQgEoj3z9JrdPNI23DbMQkl3gkGuDke7iBr5yrYyqolkTyxuBLWFwHNuGv4VKOj9fXg61QxpaJ/fxDBvMvmkBSRowHBloGFceVTx8wV/8u0DcjvTCu0IZ1zp6wjG6xBn5j66Sg/q+9hvaY2p7fkKmsvcW6VoNPgQHU1Cf01DLZmQIDAQAB+oXcINOiE3AsuZ4VJmwNZg9Y/7fY+OFRS2JAh5YMsrv2qyoGP+Z9ksre26NYR+Lt91B2lhdwJHLpQpziaANZm/ONb31fj/lwIDAQAB";





	public static String privateKey = "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";





	





	private static String algorithm = "RSA"; //$NON-NLS-1$





	private static final int MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK = 117;





	private static final int MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK = 128;





	private static String data = "test jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihg"; //$NON-NLS-1$





	





	public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException, NoSuchPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException, InvalidKeyException, IOException {





		String test = testEncrypt(privateKey,data);





		String testDecrypt = testDecrypt(publicKey, test);





		System.out.println(testDecrypt);





		





	}





	





 





	/**





	 * 加密





	 * @param key





	 * @param data





	 * @return





	 * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException





	 * @throws InvalidKeySpecException





	 * @throws NoSuchPaddingException





	 * @throws IllegalBlockSizeException





	 * @throws BadPaddingException





	 * @throws InvalidKeyException





	 * @throws IOException 





	 */





	public static String testEncrypt(String key,String data) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException, NoSuchPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException, InvalidKeyException, IOException{





		byte[] decode = Base64.getDecoder().decode(key);





		PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8EncodedKeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decode);





		KeyFactory kf = KeyFactory.getInstance(algorithm);





		PrivateKey generatePrivate = kf.generatePrivate(pkcs8EncodedKeySpec);





		Cipher ci = Cipher.getInstance(algorithm);





		ci.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, generatePrivate);





		





		byte[] bytes = data.getBytes();





		int inputLen = bytes.length;





		int offLen = 0;//偏移量





		int i = 0;





		ByteArrayOutputStream bops = new ByteArrayOutputStream();





		while(inputLen - offLen > 0){





			byte [] cache;





			if(inputLen - offLen > 117){





				cache = ci.doFinal(bytes, offLen,117);





			}else{





				cache = ci.doFinal(bytes, offLen,inputLen - offLen);





			}





			bops.write(cache);





			i++;





			offLen = 117 * i;





		}





		bops.close();





		byte[] encryptedData = bops.toByteArray();





		String encodeToString = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(encryptedData);





		return encodeToString;





	}





	





 





 





	





	/**





	 * 解密





	 * @param key





	 * @param data





	 * @return





	 * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException





	 * @throws InvalidKeyException 





	 * @throws NoSuchPaddingException 





	 * @throws InvalidKeySpecException 





	 * @throws BadPaddingException 





	 * @throws IllegalBlockSizeException 





	 * @throws IOException 





	 */





	public static String testDecrypt(String key,String data) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeyException, NoSuchPaddingException, InvalidKeySpecException, IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException, IOException{





		byte[] decode = Base64.getDecoder().decode(key);





//		PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8EncodedKeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decode); //java底层 RSA公钥只支持X509EncodedKeySpec这种格式





		X509EncodedKeySpec x509EncodedKeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(decode);





		KeyFactory kf = KeyFactory.getInstance(algorithm);





		PublicKey generatePublic = kf.generatePublic(x509EncodedKeySpec);





		Cipher ci = Cipher.getInstance(algorithm);





		ci.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE,generatePublic);





		





		byte[] bytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode(data);





		int inputLen = bytes.length;





		int offLen = 0;





		int i = 0;





		ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();





		while(inputLen - offLen > 0){





			byte[] cache;





			if(inputLen - offLen > 128){





				cache = ci.doFinal(bytes,offLen,128); 





			}else{





				cache = ci.doFinal(bytes,offLen,inputLen - offLen);





			}





			byteArrayOutputStream.write(cache);





			i++;





			offLen = 128 * i;





			





		}





		byteArrayOutputStream.close();





		byte[] byteArray = byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray();





		return new String(byteArray);





	}





	





	





	





}

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