VMware 虚拟机添加硬盘以及为新添加的硬盘创建Samba共享 （转）

一、为VMware虚拟机添加硬盘

1. 首先在VMware虚拟机的VM->Setting子菜单中为虚拟机添加一块15G大小的SCSI类型的硬盘（注意：如果原来为IDE硬盘，SCSI类型的硬盘可能添加不成功，则可以添加IDE类型的硬盘）。

2. 下面是为VMware虚拟机添加额外硬盘完整的命令：

[root@localhost GemOcean]# fdisk

Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device
E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda (for the first IDE disk)
or: fdisk /dev/sdc (for the third SCSI disk)
or: fdisk /dev/eda (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0 or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0 (for RAID devices)
...
[root@localhost GemOcean]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000796ac

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id System
/dev/sda1   *           1          25      200781   83 Linux
/dev/sda2              26        1044     8185117+ 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
[root@localhost GemOcean]#
[root@localhost GemOcean]#
[root@localhost GemOcean]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xa2a25246.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 1958.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
   (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-1958, default 1): 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-1958, default 1958):【Enter】
Using default value 1958

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xa2a25246

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id System
/dev/sdb1               1        1958    15727603+ 83 Linux

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@localhost GemOcean]#
[root@localhost GemOcean]#
[root@localhost GemOcean]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000796ac

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id System
/dev/sda1   *           1          25      200781   83 Linux
/dev/sda2              26        1044     8185117+ 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xa2a25246

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id System
/dev/sdb1               1        1958    15727603+ 83 Linux
[root@localhost GemOcean]#
[root@localhost GemOcean]#
[root@localhost GemOcean]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.41.3 (12-Oct-2008)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
983040 inodes, 3931900 blocks
196595 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4026531840
120 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208

Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 31 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@localhost GemOcean]#
[root@localhost GemOcean]#
[root@localhost GemOcean]#
[root@localhost GemOcean]#
[root@localhost GemOcean]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000796ac

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id System
/dev/sda1   *           1          25      200781   83 Linux
/dev/sda2              26        1044     8185117+ 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xa2a25246

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id System
/dev/sdb1               1        1958    15727603+ 83 Linux
[root@localhost GemOcean]#
[root@localhost GemOcean]#
[root@localhost GemOcean]#
[root@localhost GemOcean]# cd /mnt
[root@localhost mnt]# ls
[root@localhost mnt]# ls
[root@localhost mnt]# df -h
Filesystem            Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
                      7.2G 4.5G 2.4G 66% /
/dev/sda1             190M   14M 167M   8% /boot
tmpfs                 125M     0 125M   0% /dev/shm
[root@localhost mnt]#
[root@localhost mnt]#
[root@localhost mnt]# mkdir /opt2
[root@localhost mnt]# ls /
bin   dev home lost+found mnt opt2 root selinux sys usr
boot etc lib   media       opt proc sbin srv      tmp var
[root@localhost mnt]#
[root@localhost mnt]#
[root@localhost mnt]# mount /dev/sdb1 /opt2
[root@localhost mnt]#
[root@localhost mnt]# df
Filesystem           1K-blocks      Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
                       7482856   4680604   2422144 66% /
/dev/sda1               194442     13418    170985   8% /boot
tmpfs                   127064         0    127064   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sdb1             15480800    169588 14524832   2% /opt2
[root@localhost mnt]#
[root@localhost mnt]#
[root@localhost mnt]# ls
[root@localhost mnt]# pwd
/mnt
[root@localhost mnt]# 
[root@localhost mnt]# cat /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Tue Oct 12 12:35:35 2010
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or vol_id(8) for more info
#
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1
UUID=4ab09962-5a40-488b-ad65-6fd9c42bcc8c /boot                   ext3    defaults        1 2
tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0
devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0
proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
[root@localhost opt2]#
[root@localhost opt2]# vi /etc/fstab
[root@localhost opt2]# cat /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Tue Oct 12 12:35:35 2010
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or vol_id(8) for more info
#
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1
UUID=4ab09962-5a40-488b-ad65-6fd9c42bcc8c /boot                   ext3    defaults        1 2
tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0
devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0
proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
/dev/sdb1               /opt2                   ext3    defaults        1 2
[root@localhost opt2]#
[root@localhost opt2]# df
Filesystem           1K-blocks      Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
                       7482856   4680540   2422208 66% /
/dev/sda1               194442     13418    170985   8% /boot
tmpfs                   127064         0    127064   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sdb1             15480800    169588 14524832   2% /opt2
[root@localhost opt2]#
[root@localhost opt2]#
[root@localhost opt2]#

[root@localhost opt2]# reboot

Broadcast message from root@localhost
        (/dev/pts/0) at 12:18 ...

The system is going down for reboot NOW!
[root@localhost opt2]# login as: root
root@192.168.56.212's password:
Last login: Thu Oct 28 11:40:03 2010 from 192.168.56.1
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# df
Filesystem           1K-blocks      Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
                       7482856   4680584   2422164 66% /
/dev/sda1               194442     13418    170985   8% /boot
tmpfs                   127064         0    127064   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sdb1             15480800    169588 14524832   2% /opt2
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt2
[root@localhost opt2]# ls
lost+found
[root@localhost opt2]#
[root@localhost opt2]#
[root@localhost opt2]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000796ac

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id System
/dev/sda1   *           1          25      200781   83 Linux
/dev/sda2              26        1044     8185117+ 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xa2a25246

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id System
/dev/sdb1               1        1958    15727603+ 83 Linux
[root@localhost opt2]#
[root@localhost opt2]#
[root@localhost opt2]#

二、为新添加的硬盘创建Samba共享文件

Samba 使用 /etc/samba/smb.conf 作为它的配置文件。如果你改变了这个配置文件，这个改变直到你使用 service smb restart 命令重启 Samba 守护进程后才会生效。

要在你的 Linux 系统上创建 Samba 共享目录，在 smb.conf 文件中添加以下几行（根据你和你的系统需要修改了该文件之后）：

[opt2]
        path = /opt2
        writeable = yes
        browseable = yes
        guest ok = yes

[root@localhost samba]# service smb restart