Linux基础学习-RHEL7.4之YUM更换CentOS源

1.配置YUM本地源

1.挂载镜像

[root@qdlinux ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt

2.查看是否挂载成功

[root@qdlinux ~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3        49G  1.3G   48G   3% /
devtmpfs        479M     0  479M   0% /dev
tmpfs           489M     0  489M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           489M  6.6M  482M   2% /run
tmpfs           489M     0  489M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1       497M  112M  385M  23% /boot
tmpfs            98M     0   98M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0        3.8G  3.8G     0 100% /mnt

3.备份原来的仓库

[root@qdlinux ~]# cp -r /etc/yum.repos.d /etc/yum.repos.d_bak
[root@qdlinux ~]# rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/*

4.创建新的repo配置文件

[root@qdlinux ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/dvd.repo

[dvd]
name=install dvd
baseurl=file:///mnt
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

5.刷新repos生成缓存

[root@qdlinux ~]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
dvd                                                                            | 4.1 kB  00:00:00
(1/5): dvd/group_gz                                                            | 137 kB  00:00:00
(2/5): dvd/filelists_db                                                        | 3.4 MB  00:00:00
(3/5): dvd/primary_db                                                          | 4.0 MB  00:00:00
(4/5): dvd/other_db                                                            | 1.5 MB  00:00:00
(5/5): dvd/productid                                                           | 1.6 kB  00:00:00
Metadata Cache Created

2.使用CentOS源

1.卸载红帽yum

[root@qdlinux Packages]# rpm -e $(rpm -qa | grep yum) --nodeps
[root@qdlinux Packages]# echo $?
0

2.删除yum相关文件

[root@qdlinux Packages]# rm -rf /etc/yum.conf
[root@qdlinux Packages]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
[root@qdlinux Packages]# rm -rf /var/cache/yum

3.下载CentOS相关yum组件

wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-158.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-45.el7.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-45.el7.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-utils-1.1.31-45.el7.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-chardet-2.2.1-1.el7_1.noarch.rpm
[root@qdlinux ~]# rpm -ivh *.rpm
warning: python-chardet-2.2.1-1.el7_1.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7 ################################# [ 14%]
   2:yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-4################################# [ 29%]
   3:yum-3.4.3-158.el7.centos         ################################# [ 43%]
   4:python-chardet-2.2.1-1.el7_1     ################################# [ 57%]
   5:python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7       ################################# [ 71%]
   6:yum-utils-1.1.31-45.el7          ################################# [ 86%]
   7:yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-45.el7   ################################# [100%]
[root@qdlinux ~]#

4.创建新的repo文件

[base]
name=CentOS-7 - Base
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-7 - Updates
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-7 - Extras
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-7 - Plus
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

5.使用yum makecache刷新生成缓存

[root@qdlinux ~]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
base                                                                           | 3.6 kB  00:00:00
extras                                                                         | 3.4 kB  00:00:00
updates                                                                        | 3.4 kB  00:00:00
(1/12): base/x86_64/group_gz                                                   | 166 kB  00:00:06
(2/12): base/x86_64/primary_db                                                 | 5.9 MB  00:00:02
(3/12): base/x86_64/filelists_db                                               | 6.9 MB  00:00:08
(4/12): base/x86_64/other_db                                                   | 2.5 MB  00:00:01
(5/12): extras/x86_64/prestodelta                                              |  68 kB  00:00:06
(6/12): extras/x86_64/primary_db                                               | 173 kB  00:00:00
(7/12): extras/x86_64/other_db                                                 | 110 kB  00:00:00
(8/12): extras/x86_64/filelists_db                                             | 588 kB  00:00:06
(9/12): updates/x86_64/prestodelta                                             | 409 kB  00:00:06
(10/12): updates/x86_64/filelists_db                                           | 2.4 MB  00:00:07
(11/12): updates/x86_64/other_db                                               | 381 kB  00:00:00
(12/12): updates/x86_64/primary_db                                             | 4.3 MB  00:00:01
Metadata Cache Created

6.epel扩展源

首先从CentOS Extras这个源（tuna也有镜像）里安装epel-release：

yum install epel-release -y

编辑epel.repo

[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/7/$basearch
#mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7

[epel-debuginfo]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Debug
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/7/$basearch/debug
#mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-debug-7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1

[epel-source]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Source
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/7/SRPMS
#mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-source-7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1

这些做完以后要删除/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/的文件

把epel中新的文件下载放入其中

[root@qdlinux ~]# ls /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/
RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7