Django学习系列4：编写第一个简单的应用代码

首页视图编写

lists/tests.py

from django.test import TestCase
from django.urls import resolve
from lists.views import home_page

class HomePageTest(TestCase):

    def test_root_url_to_home_page(self):
        found = resolve('/')  # resolve是Django内部函数，用于解析URL，并将其映射到相应的视图函数上
        self.assertEqual(found.func, home_page)  # 检查解析网站根路径/时，是否能找到home_page

终端运行

$ python manage.py test
ImportError: cannot import name 'home_page'

编写应用代码，解决上面的问题 lists/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
home_page = None

再次运行测试

$ python manage.py test

依旧有报错信息。

接下来在urls.py文件中定义如何把URL映射到视图函数上，在文件夹superlists/superlists中有个主urls.py文件，这个文件应用于整个网站。

from django.contrib import admin
from django.conf.urls import url
from lists import views

urlpatterns = [
    # url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^$', views.home_page, name='home')
]

 python manage.py test
[...] 
TypeError: view must be a callable or a list/tuple in the case of include(). 
That’s progress! We’re no longer getting a 404

修正 lists/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
# Create your views here.
def home_page():
 pass

现在

$ python manage.py test

(django) root@ranxf-TEST:/studydisk/Python_web_TDD/superlists# python manage.py test
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.000s

OK
Destroying test database for alias 'default'..

第一个测试通过，版本有比较提交一次。

$ git diff
$ git commit -am "First unit test and url mapping, dummy view —— 第一个单元测试和url映射，虚拟视图”